Objective To observe the speech development in monosyllables from Chinese children so as to establish references in the provision of rehabilitation to hearing impaired children.To study any causal relations of monosyllable production and the age factor,and the difference of these words.Methods 2 029 children of the ages from 3 year and 3 months to 6 year and 2 months were studied after they were divided into three age groups.Speech material consisted of 945 commonly used Chinese monosyllables.Each word was used for each test to 50 children or greater for each group.Results The percentage of correctly repeated words was within the rang of 0.76～1(median=0.97)in the young group,0.42～1(median=0.95)for the younger group and 0.40～1(median=0.94)for the youngest group.Statistically significant differences were found between each age(P

Objective:To confirm the analogue of Somatostatin OCT and NC 8 12 on the colon tumor cell growth in vitro and vivo.Methods:(1)Two colon cancer cell lines HCT116,LOVO of which cell proliferation was measured with MTT were treated with different analogue of Somatostatin in vitro.(2)The nude mice were implanted s.c.with colon cancer cell line HCT116,then were injected s.c. with OCT and NC 8 12.Results:(1).Cell proliferation of HCT116 induced by Insulin was obviously inhibited by OCT or NC 8 12 at 10 -8 mol/L 24h later after the cells were incubated with them.(2)The nude mice bearing xenografts of colon cancer HCT116 were treated for 21days subcontinuously with OCT?NC 8 12?g/(kg.d)],the inhibitory effect was seen obviously.,the inhibitory effect was seen obviously.Conclusion:The Somatostatin analogues OCT and NC 8 12 can inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer cells in vitro and vivo directly.

The clinical manifestation was painless mass in the parotid gland. Physical examination showed regional swelling in parotid area. Bultrasound examination demonstrated the mass was an hypoechoic nodules of bilateral parotid gland, the border was vague. Absolute value and ratio of peripheral eosinophils were both significantly increased. Pathological examination: parotid eosinophilic lymphogranuloma.
Adult ; Eosinophilic Granuloma ; Humans ; Male ; Parotid Neoplasms

Objective To explore the effects of various location methods on the successful rate of placement nails by the entrance spot of lumbar vertebra pedicle. Methods The clinical data of 105 patients with 462 times of internal nail fixation of lumbar vertebra pedicle were analyzed, and the successful rates of placement nails one time were compared among 5 location methods. Results 462 times of internal nail fixation of lumbar vertebral pedicle were performed safely. Postoperative X-ray imagining showed that 322 nails were located in the middle of pedicle of lumbar vertebra, 58 nails in its inferior part, and 82 nails in its superior part. The successful rate of placement nails one time by the location method of four quadrants technique was 86.9%, which was significantly different compared with the other 4 location methods(P

AIM: To investigate the feasibility of establishment for chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) model in rats after allo-bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT), in order to provide premise conditions for further studying the immuno-regulation role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) on GVHD after allo-BMT. METHODS: This experiment was finished in Laboratory of Pathology and Pathophysiology in Sun Yat-sen University from April to September 2006.①Six-week-old male Fischer344 rats (RT1Al) were used as donors while six-week-old female Waster (RT1Au) rats were used as recipients.②Recipient rats were given water supplemented with gentamycin (320 mg/L) and erythromycin (250 mg/L) three days before BMT. On the day of transplantation, recipient rats received 8.0 Gy (60Co ?, 0.7 Gy/min) total body irradiation. Within 6 hours following the irradiation, recipient rats in BMT group were transplanted with 0.8?108 cells via tail vein injection, while rats in control group only received the same volume injection of phosphate buffer. Each group included 10 animals. Evaluation of common living status was monitored including daily diet, activity, stool and urine, fur and body mass. Shaved skin, liver and intestine tissues were also analyzed histologically. RESULTS: ①All rats in the control group died within 17 days following the irradiation and most of them died on day 11 or 12 post-transplantation, while BMT group had higher survival rate, in addition to three rats died on days 12, 16, 18 respectively, whereas others were all alive through 60 days expectation period.②Rats in the BMT group had no clear symptoms of acute GVHD, such as rapid weight loss and severe diarrhea, however, the weight growth in rats of the BMT group was quite slow. Furthermore, 1 month following BMT, depilation phenomenon was evident in the head and back of recipients, and then extended to abdominal part and extremity with the increase of time. Two months following BMT, skin follicular dropout and slight dermal mononuclear infiltration were found. Hepatic disease was characterized by portal tract lymphocyte infiltration, fibrous thickening and sclerosis of the bile duct wall. Small bowel specimens showed clear inflammatory cell infiltration (neutrophils, acidophils, macrophages) within lamina propria. CONCLUSION: ①The cGVHD model can be established through allo-BMT from F344 to Wistar rats.②The typical histological signs of cGVHD are evident in skin, liver and intestine tissues, among which hepatic sign is the most dominant including portal tract and bile duct mononuclear infiltration followed by fibrous thickening and sclerosis of the bile duct wall.

To meet with the need for culivating high-quality medical talents,the new teaching mode of problem-based learning (PBL) is attracting a lot of attention. Pathophysiology, which bridges basic medicine courses and clinical medicine courses,is more suitable for implementing PBL teaching mode. The teaching mode of incorporating case analysis is used into pathophysiology teaching by many ways is studied and an ideal result has been achieved.

Objective To investigate the difficulties in posterior approach lumbar microendoscopic discectomy (MED). Methods We retrospectively analyzed records of 42 cases of lumbar disc protrusion (totally 45 interspaces) treated by MED from February 2002 to October 2003. Results Conversion to open surgery was required in 3 cases.No intra- or post- operative complications were seen.Follow-up survey for 2 ～ 22 months (mean,8 months) found the "good" or "excellent" results in 95 2% of the patients (40/42).Surgical difficulties were mainly classified into two aspects: technical and etiological,including 8 cases of failure of collimation between the passage and the interspace,5 cases of excessive bleeding disturbing the operation,3 cases of incomplete surgical apparatus,2 cases of incorrect passage localization,2 cases of hyperplasia in tiny joints,1 case of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament,1 case of nerve root edema,1 case of accretion,and 1 case of laceration,respectively. Conclusions Treatment of lumbar disc protrusion with MED gives satisfactory efficacy.Proper selection of patients and careful performance during surgery are essential to a successful procedure.

Objective: To investigate the influence of esculentoside A（EsA） on production of IL-1 and TNF by rabbit synovial cells induced by LPS. Methods: levels of IL-1 and TNF in the supernatant of rabbit synovial cell were determined by examining proliferation of thymic cells and by bioassay L929 cells as target cells, respectively. Results: EsA in 5-40 μg/ml could significantly inhibit the production of IL-1 and TNF from rabbit synovial cells induced by LPS. Conclusion: EsA can inhibit the production of IL-1 and TNF from synovial cells. It suggests that EsA may play a role in improving the rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of esculentoside (EsA) on apoptosis of murine thymocyte. Methods:Using electronic microscope, DNA agarose electrophoresis and flow cytometry analysis,the effect of EsA on apoptosis of murine thymocyte was examined. Results:The result showed that apoptosis of activated thymocyte by ConA was markedly promoted by 2.5, 5, 10 ?g/ml EsA in murine thymocyte culture for 3 h, but the spontaneous apoptosis was not affected by EsA. Conclusion:The results suggest that EsA has the positive effect on apoptosis of activated murine thymocyte.

Objective To observe the effect of FTY720 on the expressions of Bel-2 and Bax protein and explore the neuroproteetive effect of FTY720 on neuron after acute spinal cord injury in the rats.Methods A total of 75 SD rats were divided randomly into three groups,ie,the test group(treated with FTY720),the injury group(treated with normal saline)and the control group.The test and injury groups were impacted to create T10 spinal cord injury(SCI)by Allen's method.Both the mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax in the injured spinal cord section were studied respectively with hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining,immunohistochemical examination and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)technique at different time points(at6 h,12 h,24 h,3 d and 7 d). Results The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax in the test group and the injury group were higher than that in the control group at all time points.Meanwhile,at 12 h,24 h,3 d and 7 d,the mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2 in the test group were significantly higher than that in the injury group(P<0.05),while the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax in the test group were obviously lower than that in the injury group (P<0.05). Condusion Early administration of FTY720(0.5 mg/kg)after spinal cord injmy Canincrease the mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2,decrease the expression of Bax and inhibit neuron apoptosis in the injured spinal cord.