Analytical method of capillary zone electrophoresis with indirect UV detection was optimized and validated to determine the phosphate in rhizosphere soil solution samples.The effect of detection wavelength, electrolyte composition, separation voltage and temperature were investigated.Analyses were performed in a 56 cm uncoated fused-silica capillary(length to the detector window) with reversed electroosmotic flow, anodic detection in 205 nm, separation voltage-20 kV, and temperature 25 t.The electrolyte contained 32 mmol/L tris-hydroxymethyl-aminomethane, 4 mmol/L 1,2, 4-benzene-tricarboxylic trimellitic acid and 0.3 mmol/L tetradecyl-trimethylammonium bromide, pH 8.5.Under the conditions, the negative effect of the inorganic anion, such as Cl~-, SO_4~(2-) and NO_3~-, can be reduced on phosphate.The detection limit was 0.68 mg/L(S/N=3), and the recovery was 87.2%-99.4%.The method has been applied to the determi nation of the concentration of phosphate in the rhizoshere soil solution.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of antibiotics in the clinic. METHODS:In retrospective study, the distribution,composition and drug resistance of pathogens in our hospital during Jan.-Dec. in 2015 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:In 2015,a total of 9401 specimens were collected in microbiology laboratory of our hospital;pathogens were detect-ed in 1743 specimens with positive rate of 18.54%;1591 strains of pathogens were isolated,mainly from sputum (59.77%), urine (14.775) and blood sample (8.93%). Totally 347 strains of Gram-positive bacteria(21.81%),991 strains of Gram-negative bacteria (62.29%),253 strains of fungus (15.90%)were detected. Top 4 pathogens in the list of amount were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. S. aureus,Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylo-coccus haemolyticus were sensitive to vancomycin,linezolid and sodium fusidate,with resistance rate of 0;resistance rates of them to erythromycin were more than 65%. The resistance rate of S. aureus to penicillin was more than 95%,and S. haemolyticus showed high resistance rate to common antibiotics. Drug resistances of E. coli,K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa to carbapenems were all lower than 15%,and they were sensitive to polymyxin with resistance rate of 0. Resistance rate of E. coli to quinolones was more than 50%. CONCLUSIONS:The main pathogens are Gram-negative bacteria in our hospital,drug resistance of them are not satisfactory. Drugs most sensitive to main pathogens include vancomycin,linezolid,carbapenems,etc. The inspection of patho-gen drug resistance characteristics should be strengthened,and antibiotics should be selected rationally and normatively according to the results of drug sensitivity test.

Objective To analysis the DNA sequence of HEV ORF3 cDNA and express in HepG2 cell .Methods Recombinant vector carrying HEV ORF3 cDNA was constructed and identified by DNA sequencing .Expression of recombinant vector in HepG2 cell was determined by immunofluorescence technique .Results The recombinant vector was constructed and expressed in HepG2 cell successfully .Conclusion The research laid experimental foundation for exploring the biological function of ORF3 protein in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis E .

Objective To test intraoperative radiotherapy with mobile photon beam using the INTRABEAM system ( Germany) , and to analyze the dosimetric characteristics of low?energy photon beam using X?ray source and spherical applicators and explore its potential limitations in clinical application. Methods A special water phantom, a parallel?plate ionization chamber, and an electrometer were used to measure the depth dose rates and isotropy of dose distribution in x/y plane of X?ray source and different spherical applicators in the INTRABEAM system. Those data were then compared with the system data. Results For the X?ray source, the deviation of observed depth dose rate and isotropy in the x/y plane from the system data were-2.16%± 1. 36% and-1.9%~ 2. 1%, respectively. For applicators with different diameters, the deviation of observed depth dose rate, transfer coefficient, and isotropy in x/y plane from the system data were-10.0%~2. 3%,-8.9%~4. 2%, and-1.6%~2. 6%, respectively. Surface dose rate and dose gradient became larger with the decrease in the diameter of the spherical applicator. The measurement of depth dose rate and isotropy of X?ray source and spherical applicators showed good repeatability. The influencing factors for measurement accuracy included the positioning error of ionization chamber, energy response, noise current, and correction factor f ’ ( R ) . Conclusions This study reveals the dosimetric characteristics of the INTRABEAM system, verifies the accuracy of the system data, and obtains the data for clinical application and routine quality assurance. However, large dose gradient and small therapeutic range may limit its wide clinical application.

Objective To investigate the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of cisplatin in docetaxel,cisplatin,and fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and concomitant chemotherapy as well as the safety and short-term efficacy of TPF induction chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods Thirtythree patients with locally advanced NPC were enrolled in this trial.The MTD of cisplatin was determined by dose escalation study,and the short-term efficacy and toxicities were evaluated.Results When the doses of docetaxel and fluorouracil were 60 mg/m2 d1 and 550 mg/m2 d1-5,respectively,the MTD of cisplatin was 65 mg/m2 d1.In this regimen (repeated every 3 weeks),grade 3-4 toxicities included neutropenia (67％),febrile neutropenia (9％),diarrhea (21％),and oral mucositis (6％).Except those who experienced dose-limited toxicity,other patients completed the whole treatment schedule.After TPF induction chemotherapy,the overall response rate was 97％,and the complete response rate was 21％.Conclusions In the endemic areas of NPC,induction chemotherapy with docetaxel (60 mg/m2 d1),cisplatin (65 mg/m2 d1),and fluorouracil (550 mg/m2 d1-5),which is repeated every 3 weeks,is proved safe and effective for Asian patients with locally advanced NPC.

The paper sorts out the achievements in informatization construction of disease prevention and control in the United States,summarizes the construction features,and puts forward the objective,requirements,functions and contents of Informatization construction of disease prevention and control of People's Armed Police forces in China based on its current situations.

According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015, only processed Aconitum tubers can be clinically applied, and the effect of processing is unclear. This research aimed to explore the effect of processing on cardiac efficacy of alkaloids in Aconitum tubers. First, the chemical ingredients in unprocessed and processed Aconitum tubers were identified and compared by using high performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-TOF/MS) and multivariate pattern recognition methods. Then the representative alkaloids in Aconitum tubers, aconitine, benzoylaconine, and aconine, which belong to diester-diterpenoid alkaloids, monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids, and amine-diterpenoid alkaloids, respectively, were selected for further validation of attenuated mechanism. Subsequent pharmacological experiments with aconitine, benzoylaconine, and aconine in SD rats were used to validate the effect of processing on cardiac functions. After processing the Aconitum tubers, it was found that the contents of diester-diterpenoid alkaloids were reduced, and those of monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids and amine-diterpenoid alkaloids were increased, suggesting that diesterditerpenoid alkaloids were transformed into monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids and amine-diterpenoid alkaloids. Through further decocting the aconitine in boiling water, it was confirmed that the three alkaloids could be progressively transformed. Pharmacological experiments with aconitine, benzoylaconine, and aconine in SD rats showed that aconitine at a dose of 0.01 mg/kg and aconine at a dose of 10 mg/kg enhanced the cardiac function, while benzoylaconine at a dose of 2 mg/kg weakened the cardiac function. The effect of processing is attributed to the transformation of the most toxic diester-diterpenoid alkaloids into less toxic monoesterditerpenoid alkaloids and amine-diterpenoid alkaloids.

Objective To examine the application of On-Board Imaging (OBI) system-based image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) in the improvement of the precision of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Ten patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated with IMRT using the OBI system. The IGRT images after positioning, position adjustment, and treatment were observed and recorded to investigate the image difference between CT simulation and IGRT. Results The deviations in the x (lateral), y (cranial-caudal), and z (ventral-dorsal) directions between CT simulation and IGRT images were 0.22±1.00 mm,-0.37±1.28 mm, and 0.04±1.36 mm, respectively, after positioning, 0.29±0.76 mm,-0.04±0.78 mm, and -0.01±0.92 mm, respectively, after position adjustment, and 0.20±0.78 mm, 0.16±0.80 mm, and 0.05±0.92 mm, respectively, after treatment. The probabilities of a ≤1 mm deviation in the x, y, and z directions were 81.0%, 77.6%, and 88.2%, respectively, after positioning, 92.5%, 96.4%, and 96.4%, respectively, after position adjustment, and 91.7%, 94.9%, and 96.8%, respectively, after treatment. Conclusions The application of OBI system-based IGRT is very important in the improvement of the precision of fractionated IMRT for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The position of the patient should be adjusted based on the IGRT image after positioning in order to correct set-up error and effectively increase the precision of fractionated IMRT.

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the relationship of vascular endothelial growth factor expression with estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes in fresh human breast cancer samples, and study the potential effect of ER subtypes on tumor angiogenesis.

METHODSWestern blot was used to detect the VEGF and ERbeta protein expression in 86 fresh samples of human breast cancer. ERalpha was analyzed by immunohistochemistry routinely.

RESULTSAmong 86 samples, 42 (48.8%) showed low expressed VEGF and 44 (51.2%) high expressed VEGF. The level of VEGF protein was correlated with ERbeta. In high expressed VEGF group, ERbeta was also highly expressed (chi(2) = 7.36, P < 0.01). But there was no significant difference between VEGF protein level and ERalpha (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn human breast cancer samples, VEGF may be related to ERbeta protein expression.

Adult ; Aged ; Blotting, Western ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; metabolism ; Estrogen Receptor beta ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphokines ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Estrogen ; classification ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

Objective To investigate the morbidity, relevant factors and diagnostic methods of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) after gynecological pelvic surgeries. Methods A prospective study was carried out investigating the morbidity, characteristics, risk factors, the coagulation function changes and diagnostic methods of LEDVT post-gynecological pelvic operations in 141 cases. Platelet, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, thrombin time, D-dimer, antithrombin-Ⅲ, tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor were measured within 1 week before surgeries,48 hours and 5-7 days post-surgeries respectively. Color Doppler flow imaging was performed simultaneously. Results (1)Twenty-two cases were found with LEDVT, the morbidity of LEDVT after gynecological procedures was 15.6%. It occurred 2-7 days post operation.(2)The risk factors were bedfasting, coagulant prescription post-operation, cardiovascular disease, ageing, pelvic lymphadenectomy, general anesthesia, and malignancy. Multivariate regression showed only age and coagulant prescription post-operation were independent factors. (3)The level of D-dimer was (0.9?0.6) mg/L in LEDVT group, significantly higher than that of non-LEDVT group[(0.5?0.4) mg/L, P