The Apolipoprotein E(APOE)gene plays important roles in the pathogenesis of the Alzheimer disease(AD).It is clear that APOE gene is closely related with dementia in the elderly.In recent years,extensive researches regarding the relationship between APOE gene polymorphism and AD has been conducted in both health population and patients with AD using molecular biology technique.This paper reviewed the progress in this field for sharing some fundamental information on the research in AD.

During last decade, gold nanoparticled (AuNPs)-based assays have been well-developed and widely used in biological analysis and biomedical detection because AuNPs have unique physical and chemical properties which depend on the size, shape and degree of aggregation.The AuNPs-based assays have already been employed for detecting practical samples with high simplicity and selectivity.This review discusses the recently development of the synthesis and biological molecular functionalisation of AuNPs and their applications on the heavy metallic cations, small organic compounds, nucleic acids and proteins detection and cellular analysis.

A gold nanoparticle ( GNP)-based dynamic light scattering ( DLS) assay has been developed for detecting mercury ion ( Hg2+) in aqueous solution. The GNPs are able to maintain monodisperse state in relative high ionic strength ( 0. 1 mol/L NaCl ) aqueous solution because Hg2+ aptamer 5’-TTTCTTCTTTCTTCCCCCCTTGTTTGTTGTTT-3’( Probe DNA ) can adsorb on the GNP surface by electrostatic interaction. In the presence of Hg2+, the Probe DNA molecules easily desorb from GNP surface because of T-Hg2+-T formation. The unprotected GNPs form aggregates in 100 mmol/L NaCl solution, resulting in increased significantly the average hydrodynamic diameter of GNPs. Under the conditions of pH 7. 43, 110 nmol/L aptamer, 100 mmol/L NaCl and 30 minutes incubation time of Hg2+with aptamer, the difference of average hydrodynamic diameter (△D ) of GNPs was increased linearly with logarithm of Hg2+concentration over the range from 0. 1 nmol/L to 5 μmol/L, with a detection limit of 0. 1 nmol/L. Moreover, satisfactory results were obtained when the proposed method was applied to detect Hg2+ in real samples.

Objective To observe the prevention effect of glutathione on acute radiation enteritis in pelvic radiation therapy.Methods All 80 pelvic tumor patients treated with radiotherapy were randomly assigned to the control group (40 patients)and the treatment group (40 patients)by the number table method.40 cases in the con-trol group treated with radiation were not treated with preventive drugs,but the patients in the treatment group were treated with glutathione.The occurrence time of acute radiation enteritis and the severity of acute radiation enteritis after treatment were evaluated.Results 15.0% of the treatment group suffered from acute radiation enteritis in the second week and 72.5% in the third week.however,62.5% of the control group were suffered from acute radiation enteritis in the second week and 27.5% in the third week.The difference was statistically significant (χ2 =18.775, 15.998,all P <0.001).Glutathione delayed the occurrence time of acute radiation enteritis.The grade 1 and grade 2 acute radiation enteritis effective rate in the treatment group were 77.5% and 17.5%,and that in the control group were 20.0% and 72.5%,the difference between the two groups was significant(χ2 =26.136,24.139,all P <0.001).The glutathione could reduce the incidence of acute radiation enteritis extent.Conclusion Glutathione could delay the occurrence time of acute radiation enteritis and reduce the incidence of acute radiation enteritis extent.It is worth clinical application.

AIM To investigate the effects of several 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) subtype receptor antagonists on late slow excitatory postsynaptic potential(LS-EPSP) of the neurons of guinea pig inferior mesenteric ganglion(IMG). METHODS Intracellular recordings were made from neurons of the isolated guinea pig IMG. RESULTS Cyproheptadine and BRL 24924 suppressed LS-EPSP of 5-HT sensitive neurons reversibly, while mianserin, MDL 72222 and spiperone showed no significant effect. Continuous superfusion of IMG with MCPP suppressed LS-EPSP of 5-HT sensitive neurons by 5-HT 1P receptor desensitizated. CONCLUSION LS-EPSP of 5-HT sensitive neuron is mediated by 5-HT 1P subtype receptor.

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture on gap junction protein Cx43 expression in the hippocampal region in ischemia/reperfusion rats.Methods Wistar rats were randomized into normal, model, non-point acupuncture and acupuncture groups. A rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion was made by modified middle cerebral artery thread occlusion. The model, non-point acupuncture and acupuncture groups were separately divide into four subgroups: 30, 60, 180 and 360 min ischemia/reperfusion, 10 rats each. The middle and lateral lines of vertex were given electroacupuncture in the acupuncture group of rats. A subcostal fixed point 10 mm above the iliac crest on the affect side was selected as an acupuncture point in the non-point acupuncture group. The model group was not treated. Cx43 protein expression was determined by an immunohistochemical method.Results There was a statistically significant difference in the behavior disorder (Bederson’s) score between the acupuncture group and the non-point acupuncture or model group after different times of cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in hippocampal Cx43 content between model, acupuncture or non-point acupuncture group and the normal group and between the acupuncture group and the model or non-point acupuncture group after different times of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (P<0.05).Conclusions Acupuncture can inhibit the overexpression of Cx43, intervene in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and produce a neuroprotective effect in ischemic brain injury.

Objective: To investigate the factors influencing parents willingness to vaccinate their children against influenza in Guangzhou, and to provide a scientific basic for effectively improving the coverage rate of influenza vaccine in children. Methods: According to economic level, one secondary school and one elementary school in each of the central administrative and peripheral districts of Guangzhou were selected by stratified cluster sampling. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 5 133 parents of the school students. Questionnaire content included the basic characteristics of children and their parents, and parents knowledge of influenza vaccination for children. Results: A total of 14.57%(748/5 133) of parents were unwilling to have their children vaccinated against influenza. The results of the multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that, compared with parents aged ≤35 years old, parents aged 41-45 years and ≥46 years were 49% (adjusted OR=1.49, 95%CI =1.11-2.00) and 86% (adjusted OR= 1.86 , 95%CI =1.33-2.60), respectively, more likely to refuse vaccinating their children. Parents with an annual income ≥ 200 000 yuan were 52% more likely to be unwilling to vaccinate their children than those with annual income <100 000 yuan (adjusted OR=1.52, 95%CI =1.12-2.06). Parents living within a walking distance ≥30 minutes from the vaccination clinic were 52% more likely to be vaccinereluctant than those living within a walking distance of ≤10 minutes (adjusted OR=1.52, 95%CI = 1.16- 1.99). Compared with parents who regarded the vaccine as safe, parents who did not believe that it was safe or who were unsure of its safety were more likely to refuse vaccinating their children, with adjusted OR(95%CI ) of 12.75(9.44-17.23) and 3.37(2.73- 4.15 ), respectively( P <0.01). Conclusion Parents age, annual income, recognition of the safety of influenza vaccines, and walking distance to the vaccination clinic are associated with parents willingness to vaccinate children against influenza. Hospitals, communities and schools should cooperate to carry out vaccination and popular science propaganda, and arrange vaccination sites rationally to improve the coverage of influenza vaccines.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA)in measurement of appendicular skeletal muscle mass(ASM)of adults.Methods A total of 836 adults aged 18-42 years were recruited in Guangzhou using a convenient sampling method from April 2021 to September 2022.ASM was measured using BIA and Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA).Using DXA as the standard method,the consistency between the BIA and DXA measurements was evaluated by intra-class correlation coefficients(ICCs)and Bland-Altman analysis in logarithmically transformed data,in order to evaluate the accuracy of BIA in ASM measurement.Receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of BIA for screening low muscle mass.Results A total of 774 individuals were included for analysis finally.ICCs for ASM measured by BIA and DXA were 0.774 and 0.667 in males and females,respectively.Mean ratios(limits of Agreement)of ASM were 0.94(0.80-1.10)and 0.91(0.78-1.05)in males and females,respectively.Area under curve of BIA for screening low muscle mass were 0.91 and 0.94 in males and females,respectively.The optimal cut-off values of Z-score by BIA for males and females were-0.57 and-0.66,respectively.Sensitivity and specificity for males were 82.5%and 86.0%,while being 86.8%and 93.8%,for females.Conclusion BIA shows a moderate consistency with DXA for measuring ASM in adults.Furthermore,BIA yields a good diagnostic value in identifying low muscle mass in adults aged 18-42 years.

Brain ; pathology ; China ; Humans ; Organ Preservation ; standards ; Tissue Banks ; ethics ; standards