Objective To explore oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography findings in superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS).Methods Twenty-nine patients with SMAS were examined using oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography,which was confirmed by contrast-enhanced spiral computerized tomography.Results Abdominal ultrasonography with oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography revealed a significant reduction of the SMA angle and diminished SMA-aorta distance in 29 subjects.Duodenum was showed the indentation and funnel shaped or dumbbell shaped findings which was caused by pressure of the SMA in patients with recumbent position.The proximal part of duodenum expanded distinctively with contrast media movement fro.Ultrasonography and CT examinations had a good agreement in diagnosing pathological aortomesenteric angle and distance.Conclusions Oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography presents characteristic findings in patients with SMAS,which is useful in epidemiological screening of suspicious cases of SMAS in children.

Objective To explore the value of real time contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant adrenal lesions.Methods Totally,57 adrenal lesions (26malignant and 31 benign) underwent conventional ultrasound and real-time CEUS.The enhancement patterns including types of time-intensity curve,centripetal fill-in,homogeneity and intensity of enhancement were analyzed.Results The enhancement pattern of normal adrenal gland was homogeneous,centrifugal and rapid perfusion from the medulla to the cortex.Four enhancement patterns were significantly different between benign and malignant adrenal lesions (P ＜0.05).If enhancement in the early arterial phase and rapid washout was suggestive of malignancy,the sensitivity and specificity of CEUS were 96.2％ and 77.4％,respectively.If peripheral to central filling was suggestive of malignancy,the sensitivity and specificity of CEUS were 76.9 ％ and 80.7 ％,respectively.Conclusions The patterns of real-time CEUS are helpful in differential diagnosis of malignant and benign adrenal lesions.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognosis of Draf II b surgery in treating fontal sinus inverted papilloma. METHOD: A retrospective study was carried out among 15 patients diagnosed as fontal sinus inverted papilloma, which had underwent endoscopic Draf II b surgery. The clinical success rate and surgical success rate were calculated by survival analysis. RESULT: In all patients, there were 1 (6.67%) recurrence,1 (6.67%) stenosis, 4 (26.67)% complete closure, and 1 (6.67%) mucocele cyst. The 3-year clinical success rate was 93.3%, and the 3-year surgical success rate was 65.0%. CONCLUSION Draf II b surgery is feasible when the frontal sinus inverted papilloma is involved in the area of the pupil center line, and the frontal neo-ostium stenosis or complete closure is a common complication after surgery. Thus a close follow-up is recommended during the first year after the surgery. Further study is necessary to find a better way to reduce the complication rate.
Constriction, Pathologic ; pathology ; Endoscopy ; Frontal Sinus ; pathology ; Humans ; Mucocele ; pathology ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Papilloma, Inverted ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection of infratemporal fossa mass and to determine the indications for surgery.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted, including a total of 29 patients who underwent endoscopic surgery to treat infratemporal fossa mass in the Department of Rhinology of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, from April 2008 to December 2021. Ten males and 19 females were included in the study, with age of (46.5±13.7) years. Pre-and post-operative sinus CT, sinus or nasopharyngeal enhanced MRI were evaluated, respectively. The main outcome measurements were the total resection of mass and the incidence of surgery-related complications.Results:Among the 29 cases of infratemporal fossa mass, 22 were schwannomas, 3 were cysts, 2 were neurofibromas, 1 was pleomorphic adenoma and 1 was basal cell adenoma. Preoperative imaging showed well-defined lesion boundaries, and postoperative pathology confirmed the benign nature of all cases. The endoscopic transnasal approach was used in 28 patients, while the combination of the transnasal approach and the transoral approach was used in 1 patient. Complete tumor removal was achieved in all cases with a 100% resection rate. The average follow-up time was 38 months (7-168 months), and no tumor recurrence was observed.Conclusions:The Endoscopic transnasal approach is a safe and effective surgical approach for the treatment of benign tumors or masses in the infratemporal fossa.

Objective To evaluate the impact of nasal function after Draf Ⅲ frontal sinus surgery (Draf Ⅲ) or the modified endoscopic Lothrop procedure (EMLP).Methods It was a prospective study with self-control.The pre-operative clinical data of 30 patients (from 2010 to 2013,Beijing Tongren Hospital) who underwent Draf Ⅲ surgery,with the testing results of T&T olfactory testing,acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry before and 1 year after operation in these patients were collected in this study.All patients complete visual analogue scale (VAS),a telephone follow-up questionnaire of olfactory function used by Wormald and Lund-Kenndy endoscopy score simultaneously with testings above.Most of 30 patients were chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with recurrent nasal polyps or systemic risk factors like asthma and aspirin-intolerance,called refractory rhinosinusitis.SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results 89.3％ (25/28) of these patients improved in nasal obstruction 1 year after operation,and the cure rats was 57.1％ (16/28,VAS =0).The level of improvement in nasal obstruction was significantly correlated with pre-operative nasal obstruction severity (r =0.909,P ＜ 0.01).76.7％ (23/30) improved in olfactory function 1 year after operation in all 30 patients,and 88.2％ improved in patients with nasal polyps(CRSwNP).It was also found that olfactory function 1 year after operation was significantly related to Lund-Kennedy endoscopy scores (r =0.671,P ＜0.01),but was not correlated with VAS scores of nasal obstruction (P =0.349).Conclusion The Draf Ⅲ frontal sinus surgery has a significantly positive effect on olfactory and ventilation function post-operatively,especially on refractory rhinosinusitis.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy of endoscopic surgery for frontal sinus meningoencephalocele and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, and to explore endoscopic surgical strategy.Methods:A total of 35 patients with frontal sinus meningoencephalocele and CSF leaks who underwent endoscopic transnasal surgery at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University between May 2007 and December 2023 were enrolled in this retrospective case series, including 29 males and 6 females, with the age of (35.23±15.76) years. High-resolution sinus CT and magnetic resonance cisternography were undertaken before surgery. The primary outcome measure was the success rate of endoscopic surgical repair. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 27 and GraphPad Prism 8 software.Results:Of the 35 cases, 21 (60.0%) were traumatic, and 14 (40.0%) were non-traumatic. The most common defect was in the posterior frontal sinus wall (24 cases, 68.6%), with a defect size of (10.4±4.8) mm 2. Twenty-six cases (74.3%) underwent endoscopic transnasal Draf Ⅱa-Ⅲ frontal sinusotomy, and 9 cases (25.7%) underwent endoscopic transnasal Darf Ⅱb-Ⅲ frontal sinusotomy combined with frontal trephination. The average follow-up time was (84.72±57.42) months. The success rate of one-time endoscopic repair was 97.1% (34/35). One patient required a second procedure, resulting in an overall success rate of 100%. Thirty-three patients had a widely patent frontal sinus ostium postoperatively, while two experienced stenosis. Conclusions:Endoscopic surgery is effective for treating frontal meningoencephalocele and CSF leaks while preserving frontal sinus drainage. Combined frontal trephination is recommended for defects that are difficult to repair using the conventional transnasal approach.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem that causes major illnesses and disabilities worldwide. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of AR has increased progressively over the last few decades in more developed countries and currently affects up to 40% of the population worldwide. Likewise, a rising trend of AR has also been observed over the last 2–3 decades in developing countries including China, with the prevalence of AR varying widely in these countries. A survey of self-reported AR over a 6-year period in the general Chinese adult population reported that the standardized prevalence of adult AR increased from 11.1% in 2005 to 17.6% in 2011. An increasing number of original articles and imporclinical trials on the epidemiology, pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnosis, management and comorbidities of AR in Chinese subjects have been published in international peer-reviewed journals over the past 2 decades, and substantially added to our understanding of this disease as a global problem. Although guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of AR in Chinese subjects have also been published, they have not been translated into English and therefore not generally accessible for reference to non-Chinese speaking international medical communities. Moreover, methods for the diagnosis and treatment of AR in China have not been standardized entirely and some patients are still treated according to regional preferences. Thus, the present guidelines have been developed by the Chinese Society of Allergy to be accessible to both national and international medical communities involved in the management of AR patients. These guidelines have been prepared in line with existing international guidelines to provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of AR in China.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; China ; Comorbidity ; Developed Countries ; Developing Countries ; Diagnosis* ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Epidemiology ; Global Health ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Prevalence ; Rhinitis, Allergic*

Humans ; Adult ; Serum Albumin, Human ; Consensus ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Thoracic Surgery