Objective:To evaluate the prognostic significance of standard pelvic lymphadenectomy on the disease-free survival (DFS) rate of bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) and to discuss the influencing factors of lymph node positivity and the relationship between positive lymph nodes and lymphadenectasis. Methods:This prospective analysis includes 120 cases of bladder cancer treated with pelvic lymphadenectomy and RC in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between 2008 and 2013. The cases were divided into two groups, namely, the standard pelvic lymphadenectomy group (Group A) and the nonstandard pelvic lymphadenectomy group (Group B). The relationships among positive lymph nodes, lymphadenectasis, tumor stage, and patho-logical grade were retrospectively analyzed. Results:The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates of 120 patients were 84%, 69.9%, and 57.9%, respectively. Group A was significantly correlated with a better 3-year overall survival rate than Group B, i.e., 78.4%vs. 46.2%(P<0.05). Lymphadenectasis influenced the DFS rate of bladder cancer patients after RC with pelvic lymphadenectomy, i.e., 50.0%vs. 86.4%(χ2=9.303, P<0.05). Meanwhile, lymphadenectasis was positively correlated with lymph node positivity (P<0.001). Tumor stage, histological subtype (urothelial carcinoma and non-urothelial carcinoma), and age were the prognostic factors for bladder cancer (P<0.05). Conclusion:Intraoperative lymphadenectasis is the influencing factor of lymph node positivity. This study determined that standard pel-vic lymphadenectomy and lymphadenectasis may influence the DFS rate after RC and are the independent risk factors for the prognosis of bladder cancer. Creating evidence-based guidelines of standardized lymphadenectomy for further improvement of the surgical quali-ty and survival of bladder cancer patients is essential.

Objective To explore the effects of chlorhexidine aeetate and trielosan on inhibition of microorganism adhesion on soft denture-lining materials. Methods Silicone rubber soft denture- lining material and resin soft denture-lining material were soaked in 0. 2% chlorhexidine acetate and 0. 1% trielosan for 5 minutes. Then the colony numbers of three different microorganisms (streptococcus mutans, actinomyces viscosus, candida albicans) adhering to soft denture-lining materials were counted. Results The colony numbers of candida albicans were (121.0±7. 0) × 105 cfu/ml in resin soft denture-lining material and (208. 8±8. 6) × 105cfu/ml in silicone rubber soft denture-lining material (P<0. 05). But there were no differences in colony numbers of streptococcus mutans and actinomyces viseosus. After soaked in chlorhexidine acetate and triclosan, the colony numbers of streptococcus mutans were significantly reduced to (87.1±4. 3)× 105cfu/ml, (61.6± 7.9) × 105cfu/ml, (42.1±8.2) × 105cfu/ml and (21.3±4.3)× 105cfu/ml, and the colony numbers of candida albicans were significantly reduced to (11.6±3.6) × 105cfu/ml, (11.1±3. 7) × 105cfu/ml, (41.6±3.0) × 105cfu/ml and (44. 6±4.1)× 105cfu/ml(all P<0. 01). However, chlorhexidine acetate and triclosan had no effects on actinomyces viscosus. There were no significant differences in the action effects between the two detergents (P>0. 05). Conclusions Chlorhexidine acetate and trielosan can effectively inhibit the adhesion of microorganism on denture-lining materials, which are useful in clinic.

Objective To investigate the co-transfection of p53 and angiostatin gene in the inhibition of SG7901. Methods Transfected the pVITRO2-hp53-hAS into SG7901 with lipofectamine.After transfection, RT-PCR were used to know whether the aimed gene had been transfected and expressed or not. Cell clones trial, MTT growth curve, cell cycle measuring were used to analyze the differences. Results The cells were suppressed by the two genes and inhibition of the combined genes is more powerful than single one. Conclusion The effection of combined genes pVITRO2-hp53-hAS on SG7901 is stronger than either single one. Combined-gene-therapy is a useful anti-carcinoma method.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with rhabdoid differentiation(mRCC-R) or sarcomatoid differentiation(mRCC-S)and the survival of the patients.Methods:The clinicopathological and postoperative follow-up data of 5 patients with mRCC-R and 9 with mRCC-S confirmed by pathology from February 2016 to December 2018 in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital were reviewed. There were 3 male and 2 female patients in mRCC-R group, with the average age of (60.2±7.1)years old. The clinic manifestation included back or abdominal pain in 2 cases, loss of appetite and weight in one case and founding during physical examination in 2 cases, with the average maximum diameter was (8.8±4.1)cm. The site of tumor included left kidney in 3 cases and right kidney in 2 cases. Lung metastasis was found in 4 cases. Lung and peritoneum metastasis was found in one case. There were 8 male and 1 female patients in mRCC-S group, with the average age of (58.0±8.0)years old. The clinic manifestation included back or abdominal pain in one case, loss of weight in one case, gross hematuria in one case and founding during physical examination in 6 cases. The average diameter of tumor was (8.9±3.5)cm. The site of tumor included left kidney in 4 cases and right kidney in 5 cases. Postoperative metastasis included lung in 3 cases, bone in one case, retroperitoneal lymph node in one case, brain in one case, lung associated with bone in one case. All of the patients were pathologically diagnosed with renal clear cell carcinoma. After metastasis, 5 cases of mRCC-R and 6 cases of mRCC-S were treated with Sorafenib, 2 cases of mRCC-S were treated with Sunitinib, and 1 case of mRCC-S was treated with Axitinib. The efficacy of TKI for the two specific pathological types and for single pathological type at the early postoperative period (within 3 months) and 3 months later was compared. Meanwhile, subgroup analysis was performed on the efficacy of TKI and survival of patients with same metastatic sites in the two groups.Results:The mean overall survival(OS) of mRCC-R and mRCC-S treated with TKI was (26.5±5.5)months and (20.7±4.7) months( P=0.329), and the mean progression-free survival (PFS) was (21.9±5.5) months and (6.3±2.1)months( P=0.013), respectively. Comparing the efficacy of using TKI in the early postoperative period and after 3 months, the mean OS was (27.5±6.5)months and (16.8±6.1)months ( P=0.619), and the mean PFS was (12.3±3.3)months and (3.3±1.7)months ( P=0.096), respectively. There was only 1 patient with mRCC-R who used TKI within 3 months after surgery, and the result was disease progressed and eventually died, OS was 3 months. Comparing the efficacy of TKI in mRCC-R and mRCC-S with lung metastasis alone, the mean OS was (33.3±2.2) months and (19.5±8.9)months ( P=0.118), and the mean PFS was (27.3±3.1) months and (7.8±4.2) months ( P=0.009), respectively. Patients with liver, bone or brain metastasis only occurred in mRCC-S, so it is unable to identify the efficacy of TKI in the two groups. Conclusions:The efficacy of TKI in the treatment of mRCC-R was better than mRCC-S, and there was statistically significant difference in PFS, especially in patients with lung metastasis alone in the two groups. There was no significant difference in the efficacy between patients with mRCC-R who took TKI in the early postoperative period (within 3 months)and those who took TKI after 3 months.

Due to the influence of immunosuppression, nerve injury and other comprehensive factors, the overall incidence of gastrointestinal complications after lung transplantation is relatively high, which can cause drug absorption disorder and chronic rejection. In recent years, more and more studies have been conducted on these complications. However, due to the great difference of the incidence of gastrointestinal complications among lung transplantation centers, clinicians lack of understanding of these. In this article, the general status, common types and risk factors of gastrointestinal complications after lung transplantation were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for comprehensive management of gastrointestinal complications after lung transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the types and frequency of deafness-related variants among 7875 newborns from Dongying area of Shandong Province. METHODS: One hundred loci of 18 common deafness genes were subjected to semiconductor sequencing. Variant site, frequency and distribution of the variants were analyzed. RESULTS: In total 552 deafness gene variants were detected among the 7875 newborns, which yielded a detection rate of 7.01%. Among these, common variant sites for GJB2, SLC26A4 and GJB3 genes were c.235delC, IVS7-2A>G and c.538C>T, respectively. The variant frequencies of matrilinear inheritance deafness genes MT-CO1, MT-RNR1, MT-TL1 and MT-TS1 were 0.38%, 0.25%, 0.1% and 0.01%, respectively. Four newborns were diagnosed with deafness, among which one had unilateral hearing loss. Analysis of the proportions of neonatal deafness-related variants in five counties of Dongying showed that the highest variant rate for the SLC26A4 gene compared with GJB2 was in Lijin county (51.76% vs. 40%), while the lowest was in Hekou county (30.77% vs. 56.41%). CONCLUSION The carrier rate of deafness-related variants in Dongying area is higher than other regions of China, which may be attributed to the increased types and variant sites covered by the semiconductor sequencing method compared with the chip method and time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Due to geographical and population aggregation factors, the proportion of deafness variants in the five counties of Dongying differed significantly. Above results may provide a guide for the prevention of congenital deafness in Dongying area.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of EMT and invasion promoted by miR-21 in prostate cancer cells. Methods The sequence of miR-21 mimic/inhibitor was firstly designed and synthesized. Then miR-21 mimic/inhibitor and its control were transfected into prostate cancer cells C4-2 and DU145, respectively. And cells were collected for mRNA isolation and RT-qPCR analysis for miR-21 and FOXOl. FOXOl, E-cadherin and N-cadherin were detected by Western blot, and the invasion of prostate cancer cells were detected by transwell assays. Results The expression of miR-21 increased in both C4-2 and DU145 after transfection, and the expression of FOXOl mRNA increased at the same time (P＜0.01).The expression of miR-21 and FOXOl mRNA in C4-2 and DU145 was decreased by miR-21 inhibitor(P＜ 0.05). The protein expression of FOXOl and N-cadherin in C4-2 and DU145 increased after the treatment of miR-21, while that of E-cadherin decreased. The protein expression of FOXOl and N-cad-herin in C4-2 and DU145 decreased after the treatment of miR-21 inhibitor, while that of E-cadherin increased. The invasive level in C4-2 and DU145 increased after the treatment of miR-21, while that decreased after the treatment of miR-21 inhibitor. Conclusion MiR-21 promotes EMT and invasion by inducing FOXOl in prostate cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have examined the bulk transcriptome of peripheral blood immune cells in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients experiencing immunological non-responsiveness. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of specific immune cell subtypes in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients who exhibit immunological non-responsiveness. METHODS: A single-cell transcriptome sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from both immunological responders (IRs) (CD4 + T-cell count >500) and immunological non-responders (INRs) (CD4 + T-cell count <300) was conducted. The transcriptomic profiles were used to identify distinct cell subpopulations, marker genes, and differentially expressed genes aiming to uncover potential genetic factors associated with immunological non-responsiveness. RESULTS: Among the cellular subpopulations analyzed, the ratios of monocytes, CD16 + monocytes, and exhausted B cells demonstrated the most substantial differences between INRs and IRs, with fold changes of 39.79, 11.08, and 2.71, respectively. In contrast, the CD4 + T cell ratio was significantly decreased (0.39-fold change) in INRs compared with that in IRs. Similarly, the ratios of natural killer cells and terminal effector CD8 + T cells were also lower (0.37-fold and 0.27-fold, respectively) in the INRs group. In addition to several well-characterized immune cell-specific markers, we identified a set of 181 marker genes that were enriched in biological pathways associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication. Notably, ISG15 , IFITM3 , PLSCR1 , HLA-DQB1 , CCL3L1 , and DDX5 , which have been demonstrated to influence HIV replication through their interaction with viral proteins, emerged as significant monocyte marker genes. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes in natural killer cells were also enriched in biological pathways associated with HIV replication. CONCLUSIONS We generated an atlas of immune cell transcriptomes in HIV-infected IRs and INRs. Host genes associated with HIV replication were identified as markers of, and were found to be differentially expressed in, different types of immune cells.
Humans ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Transcriptome/genetics* ; HIV ; HIV Infections/genetics* ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism* ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism* ; Virus Replication ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism* ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism*