Objective To investige the sensitivity and specificity of anti-proteinase 3 (PR3) capture ELISA in diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG),and the correlation between the capture ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF).Methods Anti-PR3 antibody and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (cANCA) in sera from 72 patients with WG,206 healthy blood donors and 24 patients with autoimmune diseases were detected by classic ELISA,capture ELISA and IIF.Results The sensitivities of classic ELISA and capture ELISA for detection of anti-PR3 in WG diagnosis were 73.6% and 87.5% respectively.The specificities of both the ELISAs were identical (100%).Detection of anti-PR3 by ELISA or IIF alone led to the serological hit rate of 87.5% and 84.7% for WG respectively,but the combination of capture ELISA and IIF increase the hit rate up to 91.6%.Conclusions The sensitivity of anti-PR3 capture ELISA as well as its correlation with IIF is prior to classic anti-PR3 ELISA.The combined detection of anti-PR3 capture ELISA and IIF may increase the diagnosis rate of clinically suspected WG.

Objectives To evaluate the value of Treponema pallidum (TP) antibody analytical methods for syphilis screening.Methods A total of 4870 samples of Peking University First Hospital from May to October 2010 were detected of antibodies against TP by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA),ELISA,rapid plasma reagin test (RPR),Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay (TPPA) and dot-immunoblotting test (dot-IBT).The positive rates were compared by McNemar test for paired data;Using dot-IBT as gold standard,the sensitivity,specificity and total accordance rate of the other four methods were analyzed.Results In 4870 screening samples,the positive rate of dot-IBT was 2.5％(122/4870).The positive rate of CMIA and RPR was 3.1％(149/4870) and 1.2％(58/4870),respectively.According to McNemar test for paired data,there was significant difference when compared with dot-IBT (P ＜0.01).The positive rate of ELISA and TPPA was 2.4％ (119/4870) and 2.4％ (116/4870),respectively.There was no significant difference when compared with dot-IBT (P ＞ 0.05).When the dot-IBT results for the standard,CMIA has highest sensitivity,96.7％ (118/122),the specificity was 99.6％(4705/4724).The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA was 93.4％ (114/122) and 99.9％ (4720/4724),respectively,TPPA was 91.0％ (111/122) and 99.9％ (4721/4724),respectively,and RPR was 46.7％(57/122) and 100.0％ (4724/4724),respectively.The accordance rate of CMIA,ELISA,TPPA and RPR with the dot-IBT was 99.5％ (4823/4846),99.8％ (4834/4846),99.7％ (4832/4846) and 98.7％(4781/4846).When the TPPA results for the standard,sensitivity of CMIA was 96.6％ (112/116),the specificity was 99.2％ (4717/4754).The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA was 98.3 ％ (114/116) and 99.9％ (4749/4754),respectively,and RPR was 47.4％ (55/116) and 99.9％ (4751/4754),respectively.The accordance rate of CMIA,ELISA and RPR with the dot-IBT was 99.2％ (4829/4870),99.9％ (4863/4870) and 98.7％ (4806/4870).Conclusions Because of the low sensitivity of RPR,it is not fit for screening test.There are high sensitivity and specificity for detection of TP antibody using CMIA and ELISA,so they could be used as a screening test for TP.Due to the complexity of the operating steps,TPPA can be used to further confirm the test.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the blood fibrinogen (FIB) content before and after chemotherapy or radiotherapy in 43 malignant tumor patients.

METHODSCOULTER ACL-200 automated coagulation analyzer was used in monitoring FIB in the patients.

RESULTSThe FIB content was significantly higher in malignant tumor patients than that in benign disease patients. Significant reduction was observed after treatment which became elevated again when there was recurrence or metastasis.

CONCLUSIONAssessment of FIB not only helps to diagnose cancers but evaluate the therapeutic effect and prognosis also.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; blood ; radiotherapy ; Prognosis

Nail unit is an important structure for both aesthetic appearance and functional capability of the fingers and toes, and any defect or lesion at this anatomical site would lead to nail unit deformity. Surgical repair is the main treatment for such deformity. According to etiological and anatomical classification, appropriate surgical procedures can be chosen to repair the nail unit deformity, including autologous fat grafting, split-thickness nail bed grafting, full-thickness nail matrix grafting, nail bed elongation, palmar V-Y advanced flap reconstruction and so on. This review systematically summarizes classification of the nail unit deformity and associated surgical repair techniques.

Nail unit tumors are a group of rare tumors only occurring in the nail unit, including onychopapilloma, onychomatricoma, onychocytic matricoma, onycholemmal carcinoma, and so on. These tumors have specific clinical manifestations and pathological features due to their special anatomical locations. This review focuses on clinical manifestations, histopathological characteristics and treatment of the above tumors.

Objectives In order to provide valuable information for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases,the prevalence and trend changes of common allergens in Beijing were investigated and analyzed.Methods This study was a retrospective data collection study.A total of 11 641 patients with allergen examinations were collected from Peking University First Hospital from 2013 to 2017.The positive rate of each allergen was counted according to age,season and year.The epidemiological characteristics and trends were analyzed.Results In the past five years,20 636 total IgE and 45 620 allergen-specific IgE were collected,and the total positive rate of total IgE was 47.8％ (9 874/20 636).The top three positive rates of inhaled allergens were Dermatophagoides farina (28.1％,509/1 812),Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (26.8％,503/1 876) and Mugwort (24.7％,240/971).The top three positive rates of food allergen were egg (17.3％,188/10 88),milk (16.7％,186/1 114) and wheat (15.3％,127/829).The positive rate of inhaled allergens (phad as an example) increased year by year.The positive rate of food allergens (fx5 as an example) reached its peak in 2015 (16.3％,511/3 139) and decreased slightly in the last two years (2016:13.0％,571/ 4 396;2017:7.4％,330/4 461).In inhaled allergens,the positive rate of weed pollen increased significantly in autumn.The positive rates of mx2 and dust mites were higher in summer.Food allergen did not change significantly with the seasons.Conclusions This study shown the distribution of allergens in patients with allergic diseases to a certain extent.It provided epidemiological data and clinical evidence for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.

Objective:To observe whether hair follicle cells from mice of different species can integrate to generate new pigmented hair follicles, and to explore the role of different melanocyte populations in pigmented hair follicle reconstruction in mice.Methods:The epidermal cell population, hair follicle epithelial cell population and dermal cell population were isolated from the skin of fetal or neonatal C57BL/6J and BALB/C mice, and epidermal melanocytes were obtained by culture and purification of the epidermal cell population. The experiments were divided into 3 parts: (1) hair follicle reconstruction experiment in neonatal C57BL/6J mice, which included 2 groups: epidermal cells + hair follicle epithelial cells group and dermal cells group; (2) chimeric hair follicle reconstruction experiment, which included 4 groups: dermal cells of neonatal C57BL/6J mice group, dermal cells of neonatal BALB/C mice group, dermal cells of neonatal BALB/C mice + dermal cells of neonatal C57BL/6J mice group, and dermal cells of fetal BALB/C mice + dermal cells of fetal C57BL/6J mice group; (3) pigmented hair follicle reconstruction experiment, which included 3 groups: dermal cells of neonatal BALB/C mice + epidermal cells of neonatal C57BL/6J mice group, dermal cells of neonatal BALB/C mice + hair follicle epithelial cells of neonatal C57BL/6J mice group, and dermal cells of neonatal BALB/C mice + cultured C57BL/6J epidermal melanocytes group. Different cells were implanted into dorsal skin fold chambers of the nude mice, and there were 4 mice in each group. At weeks 4 and 8 after inoculation, hair follicle reconstruction was assessed by gross observation, histological examination and immunofluorescence assay.Results:Among the 8 BALB/C nude mice in the 2 groups in the hair follicle reconstruction experiment, 7 survived and 1 died of wound infections on week 4 after inoculation; at weeks 4 and 8 after inoculation, no hair growth was observed in the epidermal cells + hair follicle epithelial cells group (3 mice) , while normal hair grew out in the dermal cells group (4 mice) mixed with epithelial components. Among the 16 BALB/C nude mice in the 4 groups in the chimeric hair follicle reconstruction experiment, 14 survived and 2 died of wound infections on week 4 after inoculation; at weeks 4 and 8 after inoculation, brown-grey hair grew well in the dermal cells of neonatal BALB/C mice + dermal cells of neonatal C57BL/6J mice group (4 mice) , and dermal cells of fetal BALB/C mice + dermal cells of fetal C57BL/6J mice group (3 mice) . Among the 12 BALB/C nude mice in the 3 groups in the pigmented hair follicle reconstruction experiment, 10 survived and 2 died of wound infections on week 4 after inoculation; at weeks 4 and 8 after inoculation, only white hair grew out in the dermal cells of neonatal BALB/C mice + cultured C57BL/6J epidermal melanocytes group (3 mice) , and no hair follicle melanocytes were observed by immunofluorescence assay, while brown-grey hair grew well in the dermal cells of neonatal BALB/C mice + epidermal cells of neonatal C57BL/6J mice group (4 mice) , and dermal cells of neonatal BALB/C mice + hair follicle epithelial cells of neonatal C57BL/6J mice group (3 mice) .Conclusions:The interaction between mesenchymal cells and hair follicle epithelial cells is a necessary condition for hair follicle reconstruction. The hair follicle cells from different species of mice can integrate to generate new pigmented hair follicles. Both hair follicle melanocytes and epidermal melanocytes can participate in the formation of pigmented hair follicles, but differentiated melanocytes have no such ability.

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in Xiangya Hospital,and provide reference for preventing and controlling HAI.Methods The cross sectional surveys on preva-lence rates of HAI,cross-sectional antimicrobial use,and bacterial detection among all hospitalized patients on the given days in 2000-2014 (except 2006)were carried out by combination of bedside investigation and medical record reviewing.Results The prevalence rates of HAI in 2000-2014 decreased from 6.30% to 3.91%,difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 35.14,P < 0.001 );prevalence rates of community-associated infection(CAI)were 15.61%-15.76%,there was no significant difference among each year.General intensive care unit (ICU)had the highest prevalence rate;respiratory tract was the most common site of both HAI and CAI;urinary catheterization rate showed a decreased tendency,arteriovenous catheterization rate showed a increased tendency,difference were both significant(χ2 = 5.21,96.24,respectively,both P <0.001).In 2008 - 2014,pathogenic detection rates for specimens from patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial agents were 36.37%-44.51%,from patients with HAI were 34.00%-44.99%,detection rate of pathogens causing HAI were 41.57%-68.48%,all showed a increased tendency,difference was significant (χ2 = 22.78,10.03,26.49,respectively,all P < 0.001 ).Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens causing infection;both cross sectional and combination antimicrobial usage rates declined (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion Prevention and control of HAI,and antimicrobial management has achieved preliminary success,prevalence rate of HAI and cross sectional antimicrobial usage rate declined obviously,the main pathogen is gram-negative bacteria,and the major infection site is lower respiratory tract.

The current outpatient payment method based on fee-for-service induced serious demand, which increased the waste of medical insurance fund. The authors briefly introduced ambulatory patient groups(APG)with the same concept of diagnosis-related groups. According to the current situation of outpatient medical insurance payment and the degree of informatization in China, suggestions are put forward: launch a pilot project first and starting with chronic disease to promote reform; improve the quality of outpatient electronic medical records, and develop APG suitable for China; under the background of aging, cooperate with the total budget to ensure the security of medical insurance.