Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compounds in many plants.It has many effects inchuding antioxidation,anti-inflammation,inhibiting apoptosis,and scavenging free radicals.Resveratrol preconditioning has neuroprotective effect in ischemia-reperfusion in rats by activating silent information regulator 2 homolog 1.This effect is similar to brain ischemic preconditioning.In addition,resveratrol can also attenuate the brain infraction volume of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in mice and improve neurological function.This article reviews the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol and its mechanisms in cerebral ischemia.

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase,which is a energy regulation switch in the cells of the body.In the case of nutritional deficiencies and ischemia,AMPK system is activated as the metabolism and stress signal transduction component to regulate the expression of downstream target proteins.After acute ischemic stroke,AMPK is activated and aggravates neuronal apoptosis,and giving AMPK inhibitor may reduce cerebral ischemic injury.The activation of AMPK after stroke may result in the upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression and the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase,and they play the protective roles for neuronal regeneration and repair.This article reviews the advances in research on the roles of AMPK in experimental cerebral ischemia.

Objective To investigate the effects of resveratrol on the first and double oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) primary cortical neuron silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and ATP content, and its possible neuroprotective mechanism. Methods Cortical neurons were taken from the embryos of 18-day Wistar rats. An in vitro repeated ischemia model was induced by the double OGD after the success of primary culture. Trypan blue stalning was used to detect the cel survival rate. Western blot was used to detect the SIRT1 and phospho-AMPK expression. Deacetylase fluorescence assay was used to detect the SIRT1 activity. Bioluminescence assay was used to detect the ATP content. Results Compared with the control group, resveratrol (0. 5 μmol/L) preconditioning significantly increased the survival rates after the single and double OGD (al P < 0. 001), ATP content (al P = 0. 004), SIRT1 activity (single: P = 0. 001; double: P = 0. 002), and the expression levels of SIRT1 (single: P = 0. 029; double: P = 0. 023) and phospho-AMPK (al P = 0. 001). Conclusions Resveratrol has the neuroprotective effect for the first and double OGD cortical neurons. Its mechanism may be associated with upregulating the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathways and decreasing the energy requirements.

0.05),but the level of P- selectin in treatment group were obviously decreased compared with control group after the seventh and fourteenth day(P

Objective To observe the effects of atorvastatin calcium on serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-α and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI), so as to approach the mechanism of atorvastatin calcium inhibiting ACI inflammatory injury. Methods Eighty-four patients with ACI were randomly divided into 2 groups: group B (42 cases, treated with antiplatelet therapy and improving cerebral circulation), group A(42 cases, treated with atorvastatin calcium 20 mg/d after the onset of ACI for 28 days on the base of group B). TNF- α and CRP were detected before treatment and in the 3rd,7th day after treatment. The European stroke scale (ESS) was evaluated on the same time. A healthy control group (group C, 16 cases) was also included in the study. Results The peak of CRP and TNF-α levels were observed in the 3rd and 7th day after treatment respectively, and the levels of group A were lower than those of group B [(13.00 ± 2.45) mg/L vs (19.21 ± 3.67) mg/L,(19.79 ± 11.01) ng/L vs (30.69 ± 18.47) ng/L, P < 0.05]. In the 7th day after treatment, the scores of ESS was higher in group A than that in group B [(79.19 ± 30.59) scores vs (63.91 ± 27.87) scores, P < 0.05]. Conclusions Atorvastatin calcium can prevent the increase of serum TNF-α and CRP, and it has anti-inflammatory effect. Atorvastatin calcium may have the role of neuroprotection besides lipid-lowering.

BACKGROUNDSleeve recestion for lung cancer can get similar tumor and lymph node resection rate as pneumonectomy, with less influence on pulmonary function and much improvement of quality of life. The aim of this study is to compare the 5-year survival and complications of sleeve resection and pneumonectomy for lung cancer.

METHODSSurvival analysis was used to investigate the 5-year survival of 173 patients undergoing sleeve resection and 435 patients undergoing pneumonectomy from January 1990 to December 2000. Their complication and perioperative motality were also analyzed.

RESULTSThe overall 5-year survival for sleeve resection and pneumonectomy was 42.3% and 30.9%, respectively (P=0.007). 5-year survival of right lung sleeve resection was better than that of left lung [P=0.004 (N0), 0.025 (N1), 0.042 (N2)]. In left lung cancer patients without nodal involvement, the survival after sleeve resection was better than that after pneumonectomy. There was no survival difference between N1 and N2 lung cancer patients. Survival was not significantly different for bronchoplasty and pulmonary arterioplasty and pneumonectomy. The incidence rate of pneumonia and arrhythmia for sleeve resection was less than those for pneumonectomy (P=0.0019), and no significant difference of mortality was observed between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSIn lung cancer patients suitable for sleeve resection or pneumonectomy, sleeve resection should be performed for right lung cancer and left lung cancer of stage I. Bronchoplasty and pulmonary arterioplasty don't prolong the survival of lung cancer patients compared with pneumonectomy.