This article reviewed literatures on the treatment of polypoid lesions of gallbladder(PLG) with Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) in recent years. The research showed that TCM has satisfied therapeutic effects on PLG, which can avoid unnecessary operation. But the systemic theoretic and experimental studies have been insufficient, and further studies are needed.

Objective To investigate age-related changes of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen in rat heart. Methods Twenty-one male Wistar rats were divided randomly into infanct,young and old group.Types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen expresson of different age hearts were studied by SP immunohistochemical methods. Results 1.Type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen all constitute thick fiber and fibril.The fibrils encircled every cardiac muscle and formed collagen net each other.The thick fibers being plaque were located among cardiac muscle groups.The content of type Ⅰ collagen was more than that of type Ⅲ.2.There were distinct expression difference of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen in different aging rat hearts.The collagens distributed densely and evenly in infancy rat heart,and loosely and uniformly in young rat heart,and the contents were increased distinctly with heterogeneous distribution in old rat heart.The cardiac collagen was growing from infanct to old rat,and rapid progress of cardiac collagen was seen in young rat. 3.The content of collagen in right ventricle was more than that of left ventricle of infanct heart.The collagen in all parts of the heart is not of difference both in yound and old rat. Conclusion The contents of type Ⅰ collagen is more than that of type Ⅲ collagen.The two types collagen are increasing with growing.;

BACKGROUND:Study on mouse models of hyperinsulinemia confirms that hyperinsulinemia can induce the occurrence of myocardial hypertrophy. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of insulin on proliferation and hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes in neonatal mice in vitro cultured. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The in vitro cytology experiment was performed at the Key Laboratory of Anatomy,Histology and Embryology of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2006 to March 2007. MATERIALS:Twenty Wistar neonatal mice aged 1-3 days were used in this study. Insulin was obtained from Sigma,USA. METHODS:Cardiomyocytes of neonatal mice were in vitro harvested,culture and purified by trypsin digestion and differential attachment technique. Cardiomyocytes were incubated in 10-8,10-7,10-6 mol/L insulin for 48 hours. Blank control group was set up. 10-7 mol/L insulin group was used for cell cycle analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Cell diameter,activity and counting were measured under a microscope. The expression of cyclin E in cardiomyocytes was measured using immunocytochemistry. RESULTS:Cardiomyocyte activity in each group was over 90%. Compared with the blank control group,long diameter and short diameter of cardiomyocytes in the 10-8,10-7,10-6 mol/L insulin groups were significantly increased(t=2.781 5,P 0.05) ,but the number of cardiomyocytes in the 10-6 mol/L insulin group significantly decreased(t=1.976 2,P

Objective:Contrast sensitivity(CS) is a new technique which measures the discrimination capacity of the human eye to an object under low contrast conditions.It is more acute and more complete in reflecting visual function than the Snellen chart which is used to test the discrimination under high contrast conditions.Our purpose is to compare the effect of an aspheric intraocular lens(IOL) with those of conventional monofocal silicone and acrylic IOL and multifocal IOL on functional visual performance. Methods:To 90 eyes after phaco emulsification with IOL implantation,30 eyes of age-matched patients were selected as control,all patients were 50-80 years old,with no disorders,other than cataract,known to affect CS.Corrected visions were all over 0.8.The CS was measured 30 days after surgery.Results:After surgery the patients' CS returned to the normal level,but which was lower than that of the control's.The aspheric IOL provided statistically significant better contrast sensitivity at 6,12 and 18 cycles per degree. Conclusion:The use of a modified prolate IOL in cataract surgery has the potential to improve CS,which is designed to partially compensate the average spherical aberration of the cornea.

Objective:To study analyze sthe contrast sensitivity of high myopia.Methods:The contrast sensitivity function(CSF) in 60 eyes of 30 patients with high myopia was studied with normal subjects as control.Those with other ocular disease or systemic disease were excluded to avoid any possible affection.The patients were aged from 12 to 62 years.Corrected vision were all over 0.8 in high myopia,and the control was more than 1.0.The contrast sensitivity function was measured with CSV-1000E Vision Testing Instrument(provided by VECTOR VISION company).Results:The results revealed that the CSF of high myopia in each space-frequency range was decreased.The difference between high myopia group and control group was significant(P

Objective: To evaluate the curative effect of the amblyopia therapeutic instrument and to search for a best treatment of amblyopia for pre-school children.Methods: One hundred and seven children with amblyopia were treated by the amblyopia therapeutic instrument and followed up, and the curative effects were analyzed.Results: The curative effects were significantty different between the group treeted with the instrument and those treated otherwise.Conclusion: The amblyopia therapeutic instrument is a satisfactorily effective option for the treatment of amblyopia in pre-school children.

Objective To investigate the change of Connexin43 expression in rat heart as age advancing. Methods The expressions of Connexin43 in different age of rat heart were determined by immunohistochemistry. Results 1\^ The expression of Connexin43 was only seen in ventricular myocardium. 2\^ The Connexin43 immunolabelling of infant rat heart lie much more within the transversely orientated intercalated disk, besides, a fewer have a punclate distribution over the entire surface of the ventricular myocytes, and Connexin43 distributed mainly on the myocyte surface of the parpillary muscles. Connexin43 immunolabelling of young and old rat heart are typically confined to the site of intercalated disk.Conclusion The expressions of Connexin43 are different in different age and different parts of rat heart.

Objective To research the spatiotemporal pattern of N-cadherin expression during development of rat cardiomyocytes and age-related changes of N-cadherin expression. Methods Using immunohistochemical method,myocardial N-cadherins distribution was investigated in fetal rat and postnatal development(1 postnatal day to old rat),and quantitied by HIPAS-1000 computerized image analytical instrument. Results The expression of N-cadherin was located in myocardium of atrial and ventricule and septum interventriculare and papillary muscles.The N-cadherin immunolabeling was found in myocyte membranes and within cytoplasm in fetal rat heart.From neonatal to infant rat,the pattern of N-cadherin immunolabeling changed progressively,from being dispersed over the entire cell surface as in the fetal to the transverse terminals of the myocytes,toward the distribution within the intercalated disk.From young to old rat heart,the typical N-cadherin was located in transversely orientated intercalated disk.The percentage of N-cadherin immune postive area in rat ventricular myocardium showed a progressively changement with age.Conclusion The present paper demonstrated that the N-cadherin expression exists progressively with ages and the changing pattern of N-cadherin is closely related with development of the intercalated disk in rat myocardium.The mechanical coupling provided by adherens junctions is essential for the stable cell-cell contact.

BACKGROUND: Type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen, the main components of cardiac stroma,have supporting,protective and restrictive effects on myocardial cells. They are essential for the heart to maintain its normal shape and function. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen on cardiac function by observing their changes in atrium myocardium of children with ventricular septal defect (VSD). DESIGN: A case analysis. SETTTING: Department of Cytobiology, Xinxiang Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Six children who had died from accidents were selected from the Pediatric Department of the First Affiliated Hospital,Xinxiang Medical College, between January and August 2003. Informed consent was obtained form their relatives. They were 4 males and 2 females,ranging from 1 to 15 years in age. Congenital heart diseases were excluded by naked-eye anatomical examination,and right atrium tissues were collected for the study. Meanwhile, 21 children with VSD, 12 males and 9 females aged 1-17 years,were recruited from the Department of Cardiac-thoracic Surgery of the same hospital. METHODS:A small amount of fresh myocardium was cut from the right atrium at the edge of incision. Peroxidase-labeled strepto-avidin immunohistochemical method was adopted to detect the expression of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen protein in atrium myocardium, which was analyzed using image analysis to calculate the area composition ratio of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen in atrium myocardium(representing the relative area percentage of collagen protein) and area percentage (representingthe expression percentage of collagen protein). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Expression of typeⅠand type Ⅲ collagen protein in atrium myocardium. RESULTS: Six normal controls and 21 patients with VSD entered the final statistical analysis. ① Type Ⅰcollagen of normal atrium was strip-like fibers with different diameters connected with each other,whereas type Ⅲ collagen was scattered in spots and pieces. ② The distribution of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen of atrium in VSD patients was mostly similar to that of the normal controls; only part of them displayed extreme rearrangement, that is,type Ⅰcollagen presenting large-speckle increment,breakage or disappearance, while type Ⅲ collagen increased in stripes and bundles. ③ The area percentage and area composition ratio of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen:type Ⅰ collagen expressed more than type Ⅲ collagen in normal myocardium [area percentage: (48.82±12.35)％ vs (40.02±13.53)％, t=2.173, P ＜ 0.05;area composition: (15.87±6.03) μm2 vs (13.62 6.94) μm2, t=2.221, P ＜ 0.05].Likewise, type Ⅰ collagen expressed more highly than type Ⅲ collagen in VSD myocardium [area percentage: (55.37±10.42)％ vs (50.27±14.36) ％,t=2.173, P ＜ 0.05; area composition: (24.93±9.62) μm2 vs (19.22 12.03) μm2,t=2.221, P＜ 0.05]. The content of both type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen in VSD children was obviously higher than that in normal children(t=2.153-2.234,P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION: In children with VSD, part of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen is found rearranged and increased in atrium, which may result from the interstitial compensation due to cardiac dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the differences of connexin 43(Cx43)expression between adult and infant heart. Methods By using immunohistochemistry to observe the expression of Cx43. Results 1.The expression of Cx43 had a punclate distribution in cytoplasm and over the entire surface of the cardiocyte,and a few located at intercalated disk of atrial and ventricular myocardium in the infant heart.2.Cx43 positive granules distributed irregularly in cell side surface and cytoplasm as well as intercalated disk in adult atrium.Cx43 immunolabelling of adult ventricular myocardium was typically confined to the site of intercalated disk.3.The results of image analyzer showed that the amount of connexin43 expression was lower in the atrium than that of the ventricle in infant heart and atrium bigger than ventricle in adult heart.The expression of Cx43 was less in adult heart than that of infant heart.Conclusion The expression of Cx43 was mainly over the entire surface of the myocardium in infant heart.There were expression differences of Cx43 in human ventricular and atrial myocytes.The amount of Cx43 expression was higher in ventricle than that of atrium in infant heart and atrium bigger than ventricle in adult heart.It was less in adult heart than that of infant.It showed that the expression of Cx43 in human heart existed a developmental differences.