Objective To investigate the levels of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells and the Foxp3 in the peripheral blood of patients with ulcerative colitis ( UC), and analyze its role in the pathogenesis of UC. Methods From February 2007 to December 2008, 40 UC patients (23 active and 17 remissive), 33 irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients, and 32 normal controls entered our study. CD4 + CD25 + T cells were detected with flow cytometric assay. The expression of Foxp3 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was detected by RTPCR. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the serum from the peripheral blood of UC patients, IBS patients, and normal controls were determined with ELISA. Results There were no significant differences of the peripheral CD4 +T cell numbers among the active, remissive UC and IBS patients, and normal control groups (P=0. 126). The positive rate of CD4+ CD25+ T cells in patients with active and remissive UC were significantly lower than those in IBS patients and normal controls ( both P ＜ 0. 01 ) it was more lower in the active UC patients than the remissive UC patients ( P ＜ 0. 001 ). However, the positive rate of CD4 + CD25 + T cells showed no significant difference between IBS patients and normal control groups ( P = 0. 343 ). The percentage of CD4 + CD25 + T cells was negatively correlated with UC disease activity index ( r = - 0. 660, P ＜ 0. 001 ) and with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = -0. 572, P =0. 001 ). The expressions of Foxp3 mRNA in PBMC from active and remissive UC patients were significantly lower than those in both IBS patients and normal controls ( both P ＜0. 001 ). There was no significant difference of the plasma levels of IL-10 or TGF-β among the active/remissive UC patients, IBS patients, and normal controls ( all P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusions CD4+ CD25 + regulatory T cells remarkably decline in the active UC and show certain increase in remissive UC, indicating that these cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of UC. The decreased expression of Foxp3 mRNA may be an important factor of the aberrant developmental disorder of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells.

Objective To determine the function of conserved amino acids in the fusion-promoting domain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein,clearly understanding mechanism of cell fusion.MethodsUsing a PCR-based site-directed mutagenesis method and the method of homology recombination occurred in vivo to change six conservative amino acids into alanine respectively.Wild type (WT) and all mutant HN proteins were exepressed in BHK-21 cells by the vacciniaT7 RNA polymerase expression system.The amount of each HN protein at the cell surface was determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS).Cell fusion efficiency,hemadsorption activity (or receptor binding activity) and neuraminidase activity were determined.Results There was no statistic difference of cell surface expression among WT and each mutant HN protein ( P＜0.05 ).Cell fusion efficiency of each mutant protein decreased to some extent,especially 1103A decreased to 14.2％ in head.Hemadsorption activity of mutant proteins were reduced in different extent,the maximum reduction of which was also 1103A,28.2％ of wt NDV HN.There was different neuraminidase activity among each mutant HN protein.L74A increased slightly to 118.6％.L110A decreased most to 5.2％.I103A decreased second most to 5.7％.Conclusion Conserved amino acids in fusion-promoting domain of NDV HN played an important role in cell fusion.I103 was identified as a key amino acid in this domain.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHFNC)and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) for moderate and severe bronchiolitis treatment in infants.Methods Thirty-two infants who were diagnosed as moderate and severe bronchiolitis admitted to Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September 2016 to May 2017 were selected,and they were randomly assigned into HHFNC group(17 cases) and nCPAP group(15 cases).The heart rate,breathing,oxygen saturation (SpO2),arterial partial pressure of oxygen [Pa (O2)],partial pressure of carbon dioxide [Pa (CO2)],pH value after treatment for 12 h,the duration of non-invasive ventilation and the incidence rates of invasive ventilation use,complications were compared between the 2 groups.Results After the treatment for 12 h,in HHFNC group,the heart rate was (130.88 ± 2.87) times/min,respiratory rate was (37.35 ± 3.55) times/min,SpO2 was(97.06 ± 1.43)％,pa(O2) was (99.65-±8.07) mmHg,pa(CO2) was (35.88 ±4.27) mmHg,pH was 7.42 ± 0.03;while in the nCPAP group,the heart rate was (135.73 ± 6.29) times/min,respiratory rate was (41.40 ± 4.40)times/min,SpO2 was (96.00 ± 1.13) ％,Pa (O2) was (91.33 ± 9.45) mmHg,pa (CO2) was (40.13 ± 3.72)mmHg,pH was 7.39 ± 0.03.The breathing,heart rate,oxygen saturation and arterial blood gas in both groups after treatment were improved significantly compared with those before treament,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05);after treatment for 12 h,the heart rate,breathing,oxygen saturation and arterial blood gas of HHFNC group were improved more than those of the nCPAP group,and the differences had statistical significance (all P ＜ 0.05).The duration of non-invasive ventilation was (45.88-± 6.49) hours in HHFNC group,and (49.33 ± 8.99) hours in nCPAP group,so there was no difference between the 2 groups (t =1.254,P =0.219).There was 12 cases (80.0％) of mild complication in nCPAP group and 5 cases(29.4％) in HHFNC group,while the incidence rate of invasive ventilation use was 3 cases(20.0％) in nCPAP group and 1 case (5.9％) in HHFNC group.Conclusion The efficacy and security of HHFNC on moderate and severe bronchiolitis are better than those of nCPAP,and it is recommended for clinical application widely.

Objective:To investigate the current status of health checkups and the management willingness of post-test abnormal values in residents of mega communities, and to explore the factors affecting the demand for health management of abnormal values after examination.Methods:A cross-sectional study. The residents of Huaguoyuan Community in Guiyang City were enrolled as the objects of this surveywith stratified systematic sampling method and questionnaire survey. The binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of health management demand for abnormal values after examination.Results:There were 404 residents participating in this survey, and 182 cases were male (45.05%) and 222 cases were female (54.95%); the mean age was (39.64±15.03) years. There were 179 (44.31%) urban residents and 225 (55.69%) rural residents. There were 162 (40.10%) floating population and 242 (59.90%) non-floating population. Of the residents, 34.2% participated in the physical examination independently due to physical reasons. The age ( χ 2=16.227), household registration ( χ 2=16.117) and occupation ( χ 2=36.454) had statistically significant differences in residents′ participation in physical examination; the household registration ( χ 2=18.726, P<0.001) and occupation ( χ 2=18.094, P=0.034) had significant differences in the handling methods of abnormal values of physical examination. The age ( OR=7.00, P=0.032) and income ( OR=0.33, P=0.047) were the influencing factors of health management needs of abnormal values after health checkup. Conclusion:The awareness of active physical examination of residents in mega community is weak, and it is recommended to strengthen health education and health promotion; residents have a high willingness to the management of abnormal values after health checkup, it can be an important supplement to improve the service quality of physical examination related institutions.

A teaching clinic is an outpatient clinic specialized for teaching, where trainees are responsible for medical activities such as medical history taking, physical examination, and diagnosis and treatment, under the assistance and guidance of teachers. Only a few hospitals in China have built up teaching clinics for standardized training of pediatric residents. This paper summarizes the experience in the operation management of the standardized residency training teaching clinic in Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The teaching clinic takes teaching as its core task, adheres to humanistic care, and follows the principle of hierarchical progression. Its operation involves organizational approval, preliminary arrangements, outpatient appointments, the implementation of teaching activities, and other processes, which are carried out under organizational management and quality management. We have explored a preliminary strategy for evaluating the teaching effects of teaching clinics, and proposed some suggestions for the future development of pediatric residency training teaching clinics such as increasing objective evaluation methods and increasing pediatric subspecialty teaching clinics.