OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Kanglaite injection combined with radiothreapy in the treatment of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METH-ODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane Library,EMBase,VIP,CJFD,Wanfang database and CBM,randomized controlled tri-als(RCT)about the efficacy and safety of Kanglaite injection combined with radiothreapy in the treatment of NSCLC were collect-ed. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software after data extraction and quality evaluation with modified Jadad scale. RESULTS:Totally 9 RCTs were included,involving 561 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed,Kanglaite injection com-bined with radiothreapy can significantly improve the effective rate [OR=2.99,95%CI(2.07,4.31),P<0.001] and improvement rate of life quality [OR=3.74,95%CI(2.36,5.92),P<0.001],and reduce the incidence of radiation pneumonitis [OR=0.23,95%CI (0.12,0.47),P<0.001] and radiation esophagitis [OR=0.10,95%CI(0.05,0.21),P<0.001] of NSCLC patients,the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS:Both the efficacy and safety of Kanglaite injection combined with radiothreapy in the treatment of NSCLC are superior to radiothreapy alone.

Warfarin is a well-accepted drug used for preventing thromboembolic diseases. It is important to monitor the dosage of warfarin. Prothrombin time is one of the screening tests of extrinsic coagulation path,which is the first choice to monitor the oral use of warfarin. Standardized prothrombin time, namely international normalized ratio ( INR ) is used to adjust warfarin dosage in clinical practice. Many herbal medicines and foods may enhance the effect of warfarin therapy,and some of them may weaken this effect,which can result in severe clinical complications.

Objective: To investigate the genes differently expressed in the livers of Kkay diabetic and normal mice, providing data to prevent human from diabetes and its chronic complications. Methods: cDNA microarray chips containing 8 192 cDNAs were used to investigate the gene expression pattern of the liver in Kkay mouse. Results: One hundred and fifty four genes were screened out, comprising 68 complete cDNAs and expressed sequence tags, among them 40 genes were up regulated and 114 genes were down regulated. Conclusion: The pathogenesis of type Ⅱ diabetes is complicated, including the disorder of the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein, and many functional abnormalities of a number of vital proteins. [

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate therapeutic efficacy of Xuefu zhuyu decoction in the adjuvant treatment of unstable angina pectoris (UAP),and to provide systematic evidence-based reference in clinic.METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,EMBase,Cochrane library,CJFD,Wanfang database,VIP and CBM,randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about Xuefu zhuyu decoction+conventional treatment (trial group) vs.single conventional treatment (control group) in the treatment of UAP were collected.Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 statistical software after data extraction and Cochrane systematic review manual 5.1.0.RESULTS:Totally 12 RCTs were included,involving 1 252 patients.The results of Meta-analysis showed that total response rate [OR=3.56,95％CI(2.49,5.10),P＜0.001],serum HDL[WMD=0.25,95％CI(0.05,0.45),P=0.01] and the rate of ECG improvement [OR=2.76,95％CI(1.97,3.87),P＜0.001] of trial group were significantly higher than those of control group,while serum TC [WMD=-1.14,95％CI(-1.46,-0.82),P＜0.001],TG [WMD=-0.53,95％CI(-0.84,-0.22),P＜0.001] and CRP [WMD =-0.91,95 ％ CI (-1.14,-0.69),P＜ 0.001] levels of trial group were significantly lower than those of control group,with statistical significance.CONCLUSIONS:Therapeutic efficacy of Xuefu zhuyu decoction in adjuvant treatment have good therapeutic efficacy and can significantly improve the blood lipid and inflammatory factors level.

OBJECTIVETo develop and evaluate a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) induced by a high-fat and high-fructose (HFHFr) diet.

METHODSSix-week-old C3H mice were randomly divided into groups for HFHFr diet experimental modeling, high fat-only (HF) diet controls, high fructose-only (HFr) diet controls, and standard chow (SC) diet controls. The standard HFHFr diet was modified so that it consisted of 76.5% standard chow, 12% lard, 1% cholesterol, 5% egg yolk powder, 5% whole milk powder, and 0.5% sodium cholate, along with 20% fructose drinking water. At the end of experimental weeks 4, 8, and 16, measurements were taken for the NASH-related parameters of body mass, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipid profile, and wet liver weight (upon sacrifice). In addition, histological changes in the liver were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and oil red O staining. The significance of differences between groups was assessed by statistical analysis, using the

METHODSof t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, x2 test, F test or Fisher's test as appropriate.

RESULTSAs compared to the mice in the SC group at the corresponding time points, the mice in the HFHFr and HF groups showed significantly higher body mass and wet liver weight, as well as more extensive and robust lipid disposition in hepatic tissues as evidenced by oil red O staining. However, HE staining indicated that the HFHFr and HF groups had different degrees of macrosteatosis accompanied with intralobular inflammatory foci, with the former showing more remarkable NASH-related histological changes. Analysis at the end of week 16 showed that about 80% of the mice in the HFHFr group had developed NASH [nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS): less than 5]. The levels of low-and high-density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL) cholesterol, as well as the levels of ALT and AST, were increased from the end of week 4 to the end of week 8 for the HFHFr and HF groups. At the end of week 16, the two groups differed in the extent of increase in total cholesterol and LDL and HDL cholesterol, with only the HFHFr group showing statistically significant changes. Specifically, at the end of week 16, the HFHFr group showed ALT levels of 108.5 +/- 93.34 U/L (F=5.099, P =0.005 vs. HF group: 44.30 +/- 35.71 U/L, HFr group: 46.70 +/- 17.95 U/L, SC group: 24.70 +/- 6.57 U/L), AST levels of 316.30 +/- 208.98 U/L (F=6.654, P=0.001 vs. HF: 132.12 +/- 75.43 U/L, HFr: 143.30 +/- 38.53 U/L, SC: 122.60 +/- 12.76 U/L), total cholesterol levels of 5.18 +/- 0.58 mmol/L (F=72: 470, P =0.000 vs. HF: 3.94 +/- 0.75 mmol/L, HFr: 2.30 +/- 0.50 mmol/L, SC: 2.02 +/- 0.24 mmol/L), HDL cholesterol levels of 3.05 +/- 0.49 mmol/L (F=25.413, P =0.000 vs. HF: 2.65 +/- 0.54 mmol/L HFr: 1.77 +/- 0.47 mmol/L, SC: 1.58 +/- 0.16 mmol/L), LDL cholesterol levels of 1.11 +/- 0.23 mmol/L (F =83.297, P =0.000 vs. HF: 0.72 +/- 0.17 mmol/L, HFr: 0.27 +/- 0.04 mmol/L, SC: 0.20 +/- 0.05 mmol/ L).

CONCLUSIONThe present study suggests that a mouse model of NASH can be successfully induced by a 16-week modified HFHFr diet.

Animals ; Diet, High-Fat ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fructose ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

To investigate the effect of glycyrrhizinate and phospholipids (DGPL) complex on inflammatory gene expression in cell inflammation model induced by palmitic acid (PA).Huh7 cells were divided into control, PA and PA+DGPL groups. For control group, cells were treated with BSA; for PA group, cells were incubated with 0.2 mmol/L saturated fatty acid PA, PA+DGPL group was given 20 μmol/L or 100 μmol/L DGPL in addition to 0.2 μmol/L PA. After 24 h, the expression of inflammation-related genes COX-2 and iNOS and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related gene GRP78 was determined by RT PCR. Oil red staining was conducted to observe the effect of DGLP on steatosis.Compared with control group, the expression of COX-2, iNOS and GRP78 in PA group was enhanced to 6.07±0.73(<0.05), 3.18±0.91 (<0.01) and 3.21±1.00(<0.05), respectively. Compared to control group, the expression of COX-2,iNOS and GRP78 in 100 μmol/L DGPL group was reduced to 2.40±0.76, 1.60±0.49 and 1.17 ±0.42 (<0.05); and 20 μmol DGPL had similar inhibition effect on COX-2 and iNOS elevation induced by PA (<0.01,<0.05 respectively). In addition, DGLP enhances the steatosis of Huh7 cells as demonstrated by oil red staining.PA can induce the up-regulated expression of inflammation associated genes COX-2, iNOS and ER stress-associated gene GRP78 in Huh7 cells. DGPL is able to protect Huh7 cells from PA induced inflammatory gene expression and the beneficial effect may be partially due to its unsaturated phospholipid component, which may improve ER stress and enhance steatosis.

Objective: To investigate the role of neutrophil elastase inhibitor, sivelestat, in preventing and treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and its underling mechanisms. Methods: A total of forty 4-week-old male C57BL/6J ApoE-/-mice were equally divided into the following four groups: standard chow (SC)+isotonic saline; SC+sivelestat; high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet+isotonic saline; and HFHC+sivelestat. These mice were treated with above methods for 12 weeks. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected to measure biochemical parameters, hepatic steatosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (inflammation) were evaluated by oil red O staining and HE staining, respectively. The mRNA and protein expression levels of hepatic inflammatory cytokines, CD68, and F4/80 were determined by quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Comparison of means between the four groups was made by one-way analysis of variance, and comparison between any two groups was made by the LSD or SNK method (for data with homogeneity of variance) or the Tamhane or Dunnett method (for data with heterogeneity of variance). Results: Mice fed with an HFHC diet for 12 weeks developed typical pathological features of NASH compared with those fed with SC. Compared with mice fed with HFHC diet without sivelestat, those treated with HFHC and sivelestat exhibited the following features: (1) significantly reduced fast blood glucose, blood cholesterol, and hepatic biochemical parameters, as well as increased insulin sensitivity; (2) significantly reduced NAFLD activity score (5.71±1.11 vs 3.16±1.16, P < 0.05); (3) reduced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor -α; (4) significantly reduced mRNA levels of CD68 and F4/80; and (5) reduced expression of CD68 in the liver. Conclusion Sivelestat alleviates the hepatic steatosis and inflammation of NASH in mice by inhibiting the activation of Kupffer cells.