Objective To investigate the effect of ulinastatin (UTI) on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods Totally 24 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham-operated control group (SO group), ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group) and ulinastatin group (UTI group). Liver in I/R group underwent 1 h of reperfasion after 30 min of ischemia. In UTI group, UTI (2×104 U/kg) was administered to rats 30 min before modeling. The levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in serum were measured and the levels of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in liver were determined. The histological changes of liver were observed. Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and TNF-α in serum were significantly increased in I/R group compared with those in UTI group (P<0.05). The levels of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in liver were significantly higher in I/R group than in UTI group (P<0.05).Histological examination of liver indicated that the damages were more severe in I/R group than in UTI group.Conclusion UTI has the ability to inhibit the production of TNF-α and oxyradical, and ameliorate microcirculatory dysfunction in rats with hepatic ischemia-reperfasion injury.

Objective To study the consistency and complementarity of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS),white light endoscopy (WLE) and magnifying endoscopy (ME) in diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC).Methods We collected 125 cases of UC patients diagnosed by WLE and EUS (including 51 cases of WLE + ME + EUS).According to UC mucosal morphology under WLE and crypt openings under ME,we divided all the cases into several groups and analyzed intestinal wall thickness (TWT) under EUS in each group.Results According to the results of UC inflammation degree under WLE,all patients were divided into four groups: 16 severe cases,46 moderate cases,44 mild,and 19 remission stage.TWT results were (5.903 ± 1.551 ) mm,(4.673 ± 1.235 ) mm,(3.756 ± 1.322 )mm and ( 3.464 ± 0.970) mm,respectively.Differences were significant between any two groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ),except for that between mild and remission groups.According to the results of UC inflammation degree under ME,all patients were divided into six groups: 9 cases of villous-like structure,9 cases of typical coral reef-like structure,8 severe coral reef-like structure,13 regular crypt opening,6 epithelial minimal defect and 6 small yellow spot (SYS).TWT results were (5.701 ±0.941 )mm,(5.518 ±0.581 )mm,(5.181 ±0.751 )mm,(3.763 ±0.659) mm,(3.587 ±0.461 )mm and (2.505 ± 0.330 )mm,respectively.Differences were significant between any two groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ) except for those between epithelial minimal defect and regular crypt opening,typical coral reeflike structure,villous-like and severe coral reef-like structure.EUS results showed SYS (6/6) and regular crypt opening ( 10/13 ) were mostly located in mucosa,while lesions of severe coral reef-like structure (8/8) invaded the muscularis propria.Conclusion EUS shows high consistency with WLE and ME in diagnosis of UC inflammation degree and invasive depth.It could assist and even substitute ME for evaluation.

Objective To investigate the expression of Tie-2 in rectal carcinoma and its relationship with invasion and metastasis in rectal carcinoma. Materials S-P immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expression of Tie-2 in 40 cases of rectal carcinoma and 10 cases of normal rectal tissues. Results Tie-2 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus of vascular endothelial cells in cancerous tissues and partly in the cytoplasm of some cancerous cells. The expression of Tie-2 in rectal carcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal rectal tissues (P<0.05); however, Tie-2 expression was not associated with differentiation, invasion depth and Dukes stage (P>0.05), but with lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05). Conclusion Tie-2 plays a key role in carcinogenesis and lymph node metastasis of rectal carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the significance of carbohydrate antigen 50 (CA50) expression in colorectal carcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect CA50 expression in 10 cases of normal colorectal mucosa and 40 cases of cancer mucosa. Results The expression of CA50 increased in normal colorectal mucosa, cancer distant mucosa, cancer adjacent mucosa and cancer mucosa, and there were significant differences among them (P<0.05). The expression of CA50 in colorectal carcinoma was correlated with the degree of differentiation, Duke's stage and lymphatic metastases (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of CA50 can be used as a valuable index in evaluating the biological characteristics and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and efficacy of using the hepatoduodenal ligament tension-reduced operation (tension-reduced operation in short) for iatrogenic bile duct injury where the bile duct was severely defective. MethodsBetween March 2006 and May 2009, the authors treated 6 patients with iatrogenic bile duct injury (Bismuth type Ⅱ : 5 patients and type Ⅲ : 1 patient). A no. 7 black silk thread was used to hold the hilar plate tissues and the seromuscular layer of the bulbous part of the duodenum closer together and knots were tied. This method brought the porta hepatis and the duodenal bulb closer together and the hepatoduodenal ligament was shortened. An end to end anastomosis could then be made between the two broken ends of the defective bile duct without tension. ResultsSix patients suffered from bile duct injury and they recovered fully after the tensionreduced operation. There was no complication on follow-up. ConclusionsThe tension-reduced operation was efficacious in the treatment of iatrogenic bile duct injury. This technique should be popularized and more widely used.

Objective:To investigate the outcomes of the regimen with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (TPF regimen) in chrono-chemotherapy, and evaluate the feasibility of reducing the toxicity and immunological damage in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with distant metastasis at preliminary diagnosis, then to compare the advantages and disadvantages between chrono-che-motherapy and traditional chemotherapy. Methods:A total of 46 NPC patients with distant metastasis at preliminary diagnosis (UICC 2010 stage IVc) were enrolled in this study. These NPC patients were randomly divided into chrono-chemotherapy and conventional chemotherapy groups, with 23 cases for each group. TPF neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was conducted in both groups for two cycles, with 21 days to 28 days for each cycle. The following regimen was used for the chrono-chemotherapy group:docetaxel 75 mg/m2, infu-sion, d1;cisplatin 75 mg/m2, 10:00 a.m.-10:00 p.m., continuous infusion, d1-d5;and fluorouracil 750 mg/(m2 · d), 10:00 p.m.-10:00 a. m., continuous intravenous infusion, d1-d5. The following regimen was used for the conventional chemotherapy group:docetaxel 75 mg/m2, infusion, d1;cisplatin 75 mg/m2, infusion, d1;and fluorouracil 750 mg/(m2· d), continuous infusion, d1-d5, 120 h. Patients who obtained therapeutic efficacy via induction chemotherapy were provided with intensity-modulated radiotherapy as a concurrent radio-therapy and chemotherapy (DDP 100 mg/m2, infusion, d1-d2, with 21 days each cycle and a total of two courses). One month after con-current chemoradiation, an adjuvant chemotherapy with the same regimen as the induction chemotherapy was employed for a total of two courses. Acute and late toxicities were graded in accordance with the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0 scor-ing. Tumor response was evaluated using the 2000 Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. The effective rates included complete and partial responses. Relevant data were analyzed by SPSS16.0 statistical software. Results:More emesis was observed at Grade 2 or above in the conventional chemotherapy group than in the chrono-chemotherapy group, with statistical significance between the two groups (P=0.035). After chemotherapy, the value of CD4/CD8 increased in the chrono-chemotherapy group and decreased in the con-ventional chemotherapy group, with statistical significance between the two groups (P=0.033). Conclusion:The proposed chrono-che-motherapy outperforms conventional chemotherapy in reducing the occurrence of severe vomiting. This chrono-chemotherapy may be advantageous in reducing severe bone marrow depression and may play a positive role in the immune function of NPC patients.

This paper reports the diagnosis and therapy of one case of Dipylidium caninum infection in an infant.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of naked-eye assessment (NA) of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology(US-FNAC) smears, which was performed by a trained non-cytological physician. Methods: A total of 290 smears of FNAC in 143 thyroid nodules were used to evaluate the value of NA by an assistant with more than two years experience of intervention with ultrasound guidance. NA results such as the background of smear (bloody/non-bloody), thickness (thick/thin), as well as the contents (granulated/non-granulated) were recorded. The correlation between NA and cytological results was analyzed. Number of cells under microscopy, the non-diagnostic rate, and the significance between benignity and malignancy with different features of specimens were compared. Results: There was no significant difference between the NA background and cytological findings(P=0.707, 0.200, 0.705, respectively). There was significance in number of cells, non-dianostic rate between thick and thinner specimens (P=0.000, 0.001, respectively). However, there was no significance in benignity and malignancy between thick and thinner specimens (P=0.385). There was significance in cytology results between the granulated and non-granulated smears(all P=0.000). The difference was found in 51.1% of the smears with granulates were malignancy in cytology. While 77.8% of the non-granulated smears were ultimately diagnosed as benignity. Conclusions The NA could be performed by a trained non-cytological physician and contribute to preliminary predictions of cytology effect.

Objective To investigate the correlation between quantitative perfusion histogram parameters of DCE-MRI and tumor tissue microvessel density(MVD) in patients with lung cancer.Methods 30 patients with lung cancer confirmed by pathology who underwent preoperative DCE-MRI were enrolled in this retrospective study .Quantitative perfusion histogram pa-rameters( including median, mean, skewness, kurtosis, energy, entropy) were measured for each patient using Exchange mo-dle.Using the Immunohistochemical method to detect the expression of CD34 in tumor tissue, and counting the number of mi-crovessels under microscope.SPSS 19.0 was used to carry out statistical analysis.The correlation between MVD and quantita-tive perfusion histogram parameters of DCE-MRI measured by exchange model was evaluated by Pearson linear correlation anal-ysis.Results There was no significant difference in MVD and each quantitative perfusion histogram parameters between the three different pathological groups of lung cancer(P >0.05).Ktrans perfusion histogram parameters(mean, 25％, 50％, 50％, 75％, 90％, 95％), Kep perfusion histogram parameters(entropy, 10％, 25％, 50％, 75％, 90％), Fp perfusion histogram parameters( mean, 25％, 50％, 75％, 90％, 95％) and Vp perfusion histograms parameters ( entropy, 75％, 90％, 95％ ) were positively correlated with MVD(P<0.05).Ktrans perfusion histogram parameters(energy) and Vp perfu-sion histogram parameters(skewness, kurtosis, energy) were negatively correlated with MVD(P<0.05).There was no signifi-cant correlation between Ve perfusion histogram parameters and MVD(P>0.05).Conclusion There was a certain correla-tion between the perfusion histogram parameters of DCE-MRI and MVD,suggesting that the quantitative perfusion histogram of DCE-MRI in lung cancer can reflect the MVD value of cancer tissue .

Allergic diseases have continued to increase year by year causing serious physical and mental injury to patients, families and individuals. This increase has been driven by conventional environmental and nutritional changes but is also created by the continual introduction of food additives into the diet and novel interior decoration materials into the living space. The causes of allergic diseases are complex and diverse, and the medical laboratory often is not be able to identify the allergic trigger; this creates a difficult environment to identify the appropriate clinical treatment for disease prevention and control. Physicians must be able to identify these triggers to help patients avoid the underlying allergenic cause of their disease. This can only be done by actively knowing a patient′s medical history, identifying the clinical manifestations of hypersensitivity and utilizing confirmatory testing as an important clinical tool in identifying the allergic source.