Objective To study the changes in small intestinal motility during the process of gallbladder cholesterol stone formation.Methods Forty guinea pigs were divided into two groups of 20 each,the experiment group fed on high cholesterol diet ( cholesterol 2％ ),while the control group on normal diet.Animals were sacrificed at 8 weeks.Slow wave and tension of the isolated small intestinal muscle specimen were measured using a multi-channel physiological recorder,and its relation to gallstone formation was assessed.Results Compared with the control group,the frequency and amplitude of the slow wave significantly reduced in the experimental group (5.70 ± 1.05/min vs.17.45 ± 1.50/min and 0.23 ± 0.31 my vs.0.78 ±0.17 mv respectively,P ＜0.05).The t-value between the two groups were -27.083 and - 13.236 respectively; Frequency of contraction and muscle tension also reduced significantly (5.94 ± 1.25/min vs.15.85 ± 1.76/min and 0.78 ±0.002 g vs.1.20 ±0.11 g respectively,P ＜0.05).Thet-value between the two groups were - 19.448 and - 17.307 respectively.Conclusions Reduced small intestinal motility is present in guinea pigs fed on a lithogenous diet,and may have a role in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstone formation.

Since 1974, 39 cases, after thumb reconstruction by means of free transplantation of second toe, haveundergone functional training in the therapeutic gymnasium of Huaskan Hospital. Functional training consists of using intermittent traction with indigenous equipmints to moblize the thumb joints and using resistanceexercises with small rubber balls and wooden framed net of rubber bends to strengthen the thumb musclesThe training was carried out three sessions a week for a total of 18--219 sessions, averaging 49. 5 sessions. The distribution of cases in classes of basic function of the thumb was as follows: Before training: Good, 0; fair, 11; poor, 28; After training: Good, 2; fair. 32; poor, 5. Practical activities of the hand, such as selfserving. writing, sewing and using common tools were perfor-med satisfactorily when basic function of the thumb reached "good" or "fair" class.

0.05) but was stronger than that under conditions of a and c ( P

Objective To investigate the distribution of nail disorders in patients with a chief complaint of nail abnormalities. Methods From May 2007 to May 2010, patients who attended the dermatology outpatient clinic with a chief complaint of nail abnormalities were included in this study. Routine dermatological examination together with fungal culture, microscopic and pathological examination of affected nails was carried out to clarify the diagnosis of nail disorders. The results were statistically analyzed. Results Of the 2776 cases,onychomycosis accounted for 45.28% (1257), followed by paronychia (479, 17.26%) and psoriasis (122,4.39%). Conclusion In this region, patients with a chief complaint of nail disorders are most likely to suffer from nail infections.

Nano-biosensors have elicited considerable scientific interest in various research areas, including nanotechnology, bio-technology, microelectronics, and analytical techniques. The development of nanomaterials and nanotechnology has produced nano-bio-sensors with increasing potential applications in disease diagnosis. Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens the health human males worldwide. Detecting the low-abundance biomarkers of prostate cancer is critical for its early diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and evaluation of its postsurgical recurrence. This review focuses on the research progress in nano-biosensing technology and its application in the detection of prostate cancer biomarkers.

Objective To investigate the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolism or carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in Type 2 diabetic(T2DM). Methods According to the liver B-ultrasonography, a total of 321 T2DM patients were divided into two groups, with or without NAFLD. Metabolic indexes such as BMI, BP, blood glucose, blood lipid, uric acid ( UA ), insulin, C-peptipe,insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) between the two groups were compared, and the relationships between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the above indexes were analyzed. Furthermore,the CIMT of the two groups were compared, and the relationships between NAFLD, ALT and CIMT were investigated by correlation and regression analysis. Results Compared with the group without NAFLD, the patients with NAFLD had higher level of BMI, triglyceride ( TG ), UA, fasting blood glucose ( FBG ), fasting insulin ( FIns ), fasting C peptide (FCP) ,HOMA-IR,and lower level of high density lipoprotein ( HDL-C ) significantly; BMI ( OR = 1.25, P ＜0. 001 ), TG ( OR = 1.74, P = 0. 008 ) and HOMA-IR ( OR = 2. 33, P = 0.010) were independent risk factors of NAFLD while H DL-C was independent protective factor; ALT was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0. 255, P ＜0. 001 ) ,TG(r =0. 156,P ＜0. 018) ,UA(r =0. 239,P ＜0. 001 ) ,FIns(r =0. 213,P =0. 001) ,FCP(r =0. 199,P ＜0. 003), HOMA-IR ( r = 0. 247, P ＜ 0. 001 ) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r = - 0. 199, P =0. 002) ,and BMI (β =0. 456,P =0. 048) ,UA (β =0. 021 ,P =0. 025) and HOMA-IR(β =3.634 ,P =0. 004)were independent associated facrors. The difference of CIMT between the two groups didn't reach statistical significance, while mutiple regression analysis revealed that ALT was independently associated with CIMT(β =0. 002,P = 0. 013). Conclusion T2DM patients with NAFLD show more serious disorder of metabolism and insulin resistance. ALT is an independent risk factor of CIMT in T2DM patients.

Hepatic perfusion parameters play an important role in detecting and diagnosing diffusion diseases of liver. Based on a hemodynamic model. In this study, we described a fast and accurate method to calculate the perfusion parameters. First, we used a dual-input one-compartment kinetics model to illustrate the distribution of the contrast agent concentration among the body. Then, we used the Gaussian function to fit the scatter concentration data of portal vein and aorta, to obtain a liver agent concentration on function of time. Finally, we solved the model parameters by using Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, and calculated the perfusion parameters. The results showed that the method proposed in this study could calculate the parameters precisely, and had a prosperous future application possibility.
Algorithms ; Contrast Media ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Liver ; physiology ; Models, Biological ; Perfusion

Objective To explore the correlation between change of blood lipid and MSCT perfusion imaging in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis in adult rabbits.Methods 20 rabbits 1~1.5 years old in age were divided into two group:16 rabbits in experimental group,8 mg/kg Methylprednisolone was injected twice a week;4 rabbits were used as control group.At 2,4,6,8 week after injection,4 rabbits in experimental group and 1 rabbit in contral group were killed respectively.Before killing the rabbits,the blood lipid was examined and MSCT perfusion imaging was done and the correlation between them was analysed.The index of TRIG,CHOL,Perfusion,PEI,TTP,MTT.All femoral heads were undergone pathological investigation.Results Two weeks after injection,blood lipid began increasing,then blood flow of femoral head decreasing obviously with prolongation of injection;PEI and MTT decrease only 4 weeks after injection.There were a negaitive correlation between blood lipid and blood flow of femoral head.Conclusion There were obviously correlation between the level of increasing blood lipid and blood flow decreasing in steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head in rabbit.

Ojective To investigate the clinical application value of low dose contrast agent in computerized tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) with spectral CT imaging.Methods Totally 52 patients suspected with pulmonary embolism underwent multi-slice spiral CT pulmonary angiography,and were randomly divided into a control group (n =27) and a research group (n=25).The research group used spectral CT with 35 ml of contrast medium and the control group used 64-slice CT with conventional 80 to 90 ml of contrast medium.The CT values of the pulmonary trunk,left pulmonary artery (LPA),right pulmonary artery (RPA),pulmonary vein and ascending aorta were measured.The contrast to noise ratio (CNR) of the pulmonary artery was also calculated.In addition,the image quality of CTPA was evaluated independently by two experienced radiologists.Results The CT values (HU) of the pulmonary trunk,left pulmonary artery(LPA),right pulmonary artery (RPA) in the research group were (432.2±63.4),(373.5±48.8),(381.4±53.6) and (62.5-±6.4),respectively,and significantly higher than those in the control group,showing statistical differences (P＜0.05).The evaluation results of the CTPA images by two radiologists showed that the image quality in the research group was better than that in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The image quality of pulmonary angiography with spectral CT using low contrast medium dose can be improved compared with the conventional spiral CT.

Objective Diffusion/perfusion-weighted MRI (DWI、PWI) was performed to evaluate growth and vascularity of implanted C6 rat gliomas. Methods 36 female Wistar rats were implanted of C6 glioma cells intracerebrally. Between 1 and 4 weeks after implantation, eight to ten different rats were imaged with T_1WI, T_2Weighted imaging, DWI, PWI, and postcontrast T_1WI at each weekly time point. After MRI, each rat brain was examined histologically using HE and immunohistochemical staining for CD34. Results On DWIs, statistical differences of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for both the solid tumor component and peritumoral region were present comparing 3-4 weeks with 1-2 weeks after implantation (P