Objective To explore the effects of lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on restraining the mouse pancre?atic cancer cells LTPA by the polarization of macrophages to type 1 macrophages (M1). Methods LTPA tumor model of the subcutaneous CB-17SCID mice was constructed. Model mice were randomly divided into tumor-bearing model group (n=10) and LBP treatment group (n=10). The LBP treatment group was fed 10mg/kg LBP every day, and the tumor-bearing model group was fed the same dose of normal saline. The same amount of macrophages Raw264.7 was randomly divided into the control group and experimental groups (different concentrations of LBP). MTT assay was used to detect the optical density (OD) of Raw264.7 in experimental groups and control group. ELISA was used to detect the levels of the interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-10 in experimental group (LBP was 100 mg/L) and the control group. Flow cytometry was used to test the levels of the membrane protein CD16/32 and CD206 in experimental group (LBP was 100 mg/L) and the control group. The tumor mass was weighted and the volume was calculated after three weeks. The effects of LBP on the growth of subcutaneous tumor were detected. HE staining and KI-67 staining were used to detect the microscopic changes of tumor and the proliferation of the LTPA. Results The dose of 100 mg/L LBP can promote the growth of the macrophages Raw264.7 (P<0.01), and induced the high expression of CD16/32 and low expression of CD206, high secretion of IL-12 and low secretion of IL-10. The weight, volume of the tumor and the expression of KI-67 were significantly lower in experimental group than those in the con?trol group (P<0.01). The microscopic necrosis area range of tumor was larger than that of control group. Conclusion The LBP has the effect of restraining LTPA by the polarization of macrophages to M1.

Objective To evaluate the significance of the level change of urinary conductivity (Cond) on the disease progress in the patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy(DN) .Methods 138 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in our hospital were selected and divided into the normoalbuminuria (NUA) ,microalbuminuria (LUA) and macroalbuminuria (MUA) group;then among them 107 cases were re‐divided into the DN group and the diabetes mild renal injury (DC) group .The levels of urinary Cond were measured by using the Sysmex UF‐1000i urine flow cytometer .The urine specific gravity (SG) was detected by the ARKRAY AUTION MAX AX‐4280 analyzer ,and the urine albumin (U‐Alb) was tested by the Siemens BNⅡ automatic protein analyzer .Re‐sults The Cond level in the MUA group was (14 .1 ± 4 .5)ms/cm ,which was lower than (15 .7 ± 4 .3)ms/cm in LUA group(P<0 .05) ,while the Cond level in the LUA group was significantly lower than (17 .6 ± 5 .7) ms/cm in the NUA group(P<0 .05);the SG levels in the NUA group and the LUA group were 1 .014(1 .010-1 .019) and 1 .015(1 .010 -1 .020) respectively ,both were higher than 1 .011(1 .009-1 .012) in the MUA group SG (P<0 .05) .Cond was positively correlated with SG (r=0 .63 ,P<0 .05) and negatively correlated with 24 h‐UAE (r= -0 .183 ,P<0 .05) .The Cond level in the DN group was(13 .2 ± 4 .3)ms/cm ,which was significantly lower than (15 .0 ± 4 .4) ms/cm in the DC group (P<0 .05) ,there was no statistically significant differences in the SG level between the DN group and DC group (P>0 .05) .The area under curve (AUC) of ROC for Cond was 0 .612 (0 .502-0 .723) .When setting the cut‐off vales of Cond as 11 .85 ms/cm ,then the sensitivity was 43 .8% ,and the specificity was 78 .0% . Conclusion The urine Cond level change can reflect the disease progress of DN in T 2DM ,but can not be used as its early screening indicato r .

The aim of this study was to assess changes of Hsp70 and HSF-1 protein and mRNA expression in stress-sensitive organs of pigs during transportation for various periods of time. Twenty pigs were randomly divided into four groups (0 h, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h of transportation). A significant increased activity of AST and CK was observed after 1 h and 2 h of transportation. Histopathological changes in the heart, liver, and stomach indicated that these organs sustained different degrees of injury. Hsp70 protein expression in the heart and liver of transported pigs did not change significantly while it increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the stomach. Hsp70 mRNA levels decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the heart after 4 h of transportation. However, mRNA expression increased significantly in the liver after 1 (p < 0.05) and 4 h (p < 0.01) of transportation, and increased significantly in the stomach of the transported pigs after 1, 4 (p < 0.01), and 2 h (p < 0.05). HSF-1 levels were reduced at 1 and 4 h (p < 0.05) only in the hearts of transported pigs. These results indicate that Hsp70 mediates distinct stress-related functions in different tissues during transportation.
Animals ; Creatine Kinase/blood ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/*metabolism ; Liver/*metabolism ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary ; Stomach/*metabolism ; Stress, Physiological ; Swine/blood/*metabolism ; Time Factors ; Transaminases/blood ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; *Transportation

Objective:To observe the efficacy of gemcitabine and oxaliplatin combined with targeted drug apatinib in the treatment of gallbladder cancer.Methods:The data of 82 patients with gallbladder cancer who were admitted to Haiyang People's Hospital, Yantaishan Hospital and Rongjun Hospital of Yantai City in Shandong Province from May 2017 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into control group and observation group according to the medication, with 41 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with gemcitabine combined with oxaliplatin regimen (gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m 2 was injected intravenously for 30 minutes on the 1st and 8th day, and oxaliplatin 100 mg/m 2 was injected intravenously for 3 hours on the 1st day), the observation group was combined with apatinib mesylate 500 mg/d based on the treatment method of the control group. The treatment effect, serum tumor marker levels, adverse reactions and survival were compared between the two groups. Results:The disease control rate of the control group was 70.73% (29/41), which was significantly lower than that of the observation group [92.68% (38/41)] ( χ2 = 6.609, P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and Dickkopf-1 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the observation group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 6.011, 3.048, 4.444, and 4.514, all P < 0.05). The incidence of proteinuria and hand-foot syndrome in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 values were 6.116 and 4.986, both P < 0.05). During the 1-year follow-up, 2 patients in the observation group died, and the survival rate was 95.13% (39/41); 8 patients in the control group died, and the survival rate was 80.49% (33/41). There was a statistical difference in the survival rate between the two groups ( χ2 = 4.100, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin combined with apatinib mesylate are effective in treating gallbladder cancer, which can effectively reduce serum tumor marker levels and improve the prognosis of gallbladder cancer patients.

Objective To construct and investigate the multi-leaf collimator (MLC) fault prediction model of Varian NovalisTx medical linear accelerator based on BP neural network.Methods The MLC fault data applied in clinical trial for 18 months were collected and analyzed.The total use time of accelerator,the quantity of patients per month,average daily working hours of accelerator,volume of RapidArc plans and time interval between accelerator maintenance were used as the input factors and the prediction of MLC fault frequency was considered as the output result.The BP neural network model of MLC fault prediction was realized by AMORE package of R language and the simulation results were validated.Results The model contained 3 layers of network to realize the input-output switch.There were 5 nodes in the input layer,13 nodes in the hide layer and 1 node in the output layer,respectively.The transfer function from the input layer to the hide layer selected the tansig function and purelin function was used from the hide layer to the output layer.The maximum time of training was pre-set as 150 in the designed model.Actually,111 times of training were performed.The pre-set error was 3％ and the actual error was 2.7％,which indicated good convergence.The simulation results of MLC fault applied in clinical trial for 18 months were similar to the actual data.Conclusions The BP neural network model realized by R language of MLC fault prediction can describe the mapping relationship between fault factors and fault frequency,which provides references for the understanding of accelerator fault and management of spare parts inventory.

Objective To investigate the effect of pelvic floor stabilized structure preservation (PPSS) during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP)on postoperative continence recovery.Methods From October 2017 to April 2018,86 patients with prostatic cancer who underwent traditional RARP and RARP plus PPSS were included.There were 31 patients in non-PPSS group and 55 patients in PPSS group.In non-PPSS group,patients age was (68.48 ± 7.79) years old,BMI was (24.79 ± 3.05) kg/m2,median prostate volume was 63.54 (53.00-99.36) cm3,clinic T-stage T1-T2,T3,T4 accounted for 49.39％,22.58％,6.45％ and ISUP grade 1,2,3,4,5 accounted for 22.58％,22.81％,12.90％,12.90％,19.35％ respectively.In PPSS group,patients age was (69.53 ± 6.81)years old,BMI was (23.95 ± 3.03) kg/m2,median prostate volume was 73.39 (54.88-94.23) cm3,clinic T-stage T1-T2,T3,T4 accounted for 72.73％,7.27％,3.64％ and ISUP grade 1,2,3,4,5 accounted for 21.82％,18.18％,23.64％,18.18％,10.91％ respectively.The preoperative PSA,BMI,clinical T-stage,ISUP grade,and postoperative hospital days had no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05)between the two groups.Both groups were operated via transperitoneal approach.In the non PPSS group,endo-pelvic fascia and pubic prostate ligament was cut,and dorsal vessel complex was ligated.In PPSS group,the partial endo-pelvic fascia was bluntly pushed to the pelvic wall to preserve tendon arch,and pubic prostate ligament also was preserved without suturing and ligating dorsal vascular complex.The catheter was removed 7 d after RARP.The continence recovery were compared between the two groups,including pad number on the day of I,7,14,30,90 and ICI-Q-SF scores on the day of 30 and 90 after catheter removal.Results There was no significant difference in pad numbers used between the two groups on the day of 1,7,14,30 after catheter removal.On the 90th day,the proportions of using pad ≥4 in PPSS group were significantly lower than those in non-PPSS group (1.89％ vs.20.69％,P =0.004).No significant difference was found in ICI-Q-SF scores on the 30th and 90th day between the two groups.Univariate analysis showed that PPSS group used less pads than non-PPSS group on the 90th day [OR =0.07(95％ CI 0.01-0.65),P =0.019];T3 patients used more pads than T1-T2 patients [OR =9.19 (95％ CI 1.32-63.87),P =0.025].After adjusting for age,ISUP grading,T staging,and PSA,multivariate regression analysis showed that the risk of using pad ≥ 4 in PPSS group compared with non-PPSS group was 0.46,0.34,0.27,0.25,and 0.03 on the day of 1,7,14,30 and 90 after catheter removal,respectively.The PPSS approach didn't increase the risk of positive surgical margin.Conclusions Preservation of pelvic stabilized structure in RARP is very efficient in term of continence rate after RARP,and it does not increase the risk of positive surgical margin.

Objective:To explore the clinical outcome of early endoscopic realignment with flexible cystoscope for pelvic fracture urethral injury.Methods:We retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinical data of patients with pelvic fracture urethral injuries in ER of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from March 2018 to June 2022.Seventy-six male patients with PFUI were reviewed and 60 patients were included due to the integrity of data collected. The patients were divided into early endoscopic realignment (EER) group and suprapubic cystostomy (SC) group according to the acute management. There were 33 patients and 27 patients in EER group and SC group, respectively. The age of the patients were (42.2±13.8)years and (44.1±15.0) years in EER group and SC group, respectively. The causes of the injuries were car accident, falling and crush, the percentage of the patients were 60.6%(20 cases), 33.3%(11 cases), 6.1%(2 cases) and 55.6%(15 cases), 44.4%(12 cases), 0 in EER group and SC group, respectively. The difference between two groups was statistically insignificant. The procedure of EER began with a cystostomy guided by B ultrasound, then an antegrade cystoscopy was performed through the cystostomy while negociating the bladder neck to the proximal side of injured urethra. A ureteral stent was inserted into the broken urethra and retrieved by a forceps through retrograde urethroscopy with another flexible cystoscope. We inserted a guidewire into the ureteral stent before removing it and placed a 16F urethral catheter along the guidewire. We analyzed the difference between two groups including the incidence, the length and the management of urethral stricture and the complexity of urethroplasty if needed. The simple urethroplasty was defined as performing anastomosis after dissection of the bulbar urethral and removing the scar tissue, while the procedure was defined as complex urethroplasty if ancillary procedures, such as separating the corporal bodies and partial pubectomy, was needed.Results:The EER group and SC group had 33 patients and 27 patients, respectively. The mean operation time of EER was (24.5±7.0)minutes and there was no intra-operative complications. Postoperatively, 4 cases of bleeding and 2 cases of UTI were found, which were successfully treated by conservative managements. Twenty-eight out of 33 patients(84.8%) in EER group developed urethral stricture and the mean length of it was (3.10±1.20)cm. However, all patients in SC group developed urethral stricture (100.0%) with the mean stricture length of (3.83±1.18)cm. The difference between two groups in term of the length of stricture was statistically significant ( P=0.026). 24 patients(85.7%) in EER group were treated by urethroplsty, 2 patients(7.1%) with endoscopic urethrotomy and 2 patients (7.1%) with dilation. All were treated with urethroplasty but 2 patients with endoscopic in SC group. In EER group, 8 strictures (33.3%)finished with simple urethroplasty and 16 strictures (66.7%) with complex urethroplasty.While in SC group, 6 strictures(24.0%) completed with simple urethroplasty and 19 strictures (76.0%)with complex urethroplasty. The complexity of urethroplasty performed in EER group was not statistically significant when compared with it in SC group( P=0.538). Conclusions:The procedure of EER with flexible cystoscope is reliable and safe. Most patients with formed urethral stricture after PFUI would be treated with urethroplasty. EER can reduce the urethral stricture formation and may decrease the need of the ancillary procedures during the urethroplasties if needed.

Iron (Fe) deficiency and excess cadmium (Cd) in rice grain are important problems to be solved in agricultural production. Previous studies have shown that OsVIT1 and OsVIT2 are vacuolar iron transporters. In this study, wild-type ZH11 was selected as the background material and OsVIT1 and OsVIT2 were overexpressed in endosperm by using endosperm specific promoter Glb-1. Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of OsVIT1 and OsVIT2 overexpression on Fe and Cd accumulation in different parts of rice. The results showed that OsVIT1 overexpression in endosperm significantly reduced Fe content in grain by about 50%, while significantly increased zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) contents in straw and Cu content in grain. OsVIT2 overexpression in endosperm significantly decreased Fe and Cd contents in grain by about 50%, and significantly increased Fe content in straw by 45%-120%. Overexpression of OsVIT1 and OsVIT2 in endosperm did not affect the agronomic traits of rice. In conclusion, OsVIT1 and OsVIT2 overexpression in endosperm reduced Fe accumulation in rice grain, which did not achieve the expected effect. OsVIT2 overexpression in endosperm also decreased Cd accumulation in grain and increased Fe accumulation in straw, which provided reference for iron biofortification and cadmium reduction in rice.
Cadmium ; Endosperm/chemistry* ; Oryza/genetics* ; Iron ; Zinc ; Edible Grain ; Soil Pollutants

Objective : To investigate the effect of palmitoleic acid (POA) on pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes after hypoxia/reoxygenation⁃induced injury in the human myocardium . Methods : The experiment comprised a control group (Control , normal culture) , a hypoxia/reoxygenation group (HR) , a palmitoleic acid⁃treated group ( HR + POA) , and an anhydrous ethanol control group ( HR + ET) . Cardiomyocytes viability was assessed using CCK⁃8 assay , and the level of pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes was measured through the double staining with Hoechst33342/ PI and LDH assay . ELISA was employed to detect the release of inflammatory factors IL⁃1β and IL⁃18 in the cell culture supernatant . qRT⁃PCR and Western blot were utilized to determine the relative expression levels of mRNA and protein of pyroptosis⁃related genes , namely NLRP3 , ASC , Caspase⁃1 , GSDMD , IL⁃1β and IL⁃18 , respectively . Results : CCK⁃8 assay showed that the survival of hypoxic/reoxygenated cardiomyocytes increased with the addition of POA at concentrations ranging from 25 to 100 μmol/L , as compared to the HR group ; a hypoxia/reoxy⁃genation model of cardiomyocyte was established . The expression of protein and mRNA increased in NLRP3 , ASC ,Cleaved caspase⁃1 , GSDMD⁃N , IL⁃Iβ and IL⁃ 18 vs the control group(P < 0. 05) , the positive percentage of Hoechst33342/PI staining in cardiomyocytes increased significantly (P < 0. 05) , the release of LDH , IL⁃Iβ , and IL⁃18 increased (P < 0. 05) . After intervention with 100 μmol/L POA , the protein and mRNA expression levels of NLRP3 , ASC , Cleaved caspase⁃1 , GSDMD⁃N , IL⁃Iβ , and IL⁃18 were significantly reduced in the HR + POA group vs HR + ET group( P < 0. 05) . The positive percentage of Hoechst33342/PI staining in cardiomyocytes decreased significantly , and the levels of LDH , IL⁃Iβ and IL⁃18 significantly decreased (P < 0. 05) . Conclusion Palmitoleic acid may alleviate hypoxia/reoxygenation⁃induced injury of cardiomyocytes by inhibiting pyroptosis and inflammatory response after hypoxia/reoxygenation in human myocardium .

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer, characterized by a high potential of tumor recurrence, has high lifelong monitoring and treatment costs. To date, tumor cells with intrinsic softness have been identified to function as cancer stem cells in several cancer types. Nonetheless, the existence of soft tumor cells in bladder tumors remains elusive. Thus, our study aimed to develop a micro-barrier microfluidic chip to efficiently isolate deformable tumor cells from distinct types of bladder cancer cells. METHODS: The stiffness of bladder cancer cells was determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The modified microfluidic chip was utilized to separate soft cells, and the 3D Matrigel culture system was to maintain the softness of tumor cells. Expression patterns of integrin β8 (ITGB8), protein kinase B (AKT), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were determined by Western blotting. Double immunostaining was conducted to examine the interaction between F-actin and tripartite motif containing 59 (TRIM59). The stem-cell-like characteristics of soft cells were explored by colony formation assay and in vivo studies upon xenografted tumor models. RESULTS: Using our newly designed microfluidic approach, we identified a small fraction of soft tumor cells in bladder cancer cells. More importantly, the existence of soft tumor cells was confirmed in clinical human bladder cancer specimens, in which the number of soft tumor cells was associated with tumor relapse. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the biomechanical stimuli arising from 3D Matrigel activated the F-actin/ITGB8/TRIM59/AKT/mTOR/glycolysis pathways to enhance the softness and tumorigenic capacity of tumor cells. Simultaneously, we detected a remarkable up-regulation in ITGB8, TRIM59, and phospho-AKT in clinical bladder recurrent tumors compared with their non-recurrent counterparts. CONCLUSIONS The ITGB8/TRIM59/AKT/mTOR/glycolysis axis plays a crucial role in modulating tumor softness and stemness. Meanwhile, the soft tumor cells become more sensitive to chemotherapy after stiffening, that offers new insights for hampering tumor progression and recurrence.
Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Actins/metabolism* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Glycolysis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Mammals/metabolism* ; Tripartite Motif Proteins/metabolism* ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism* ; Integrin beta Chains