OBJECTIVETo investigate if tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) could induce phenotypic transformation or the associated cell function changes of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs).

METHODSAll tests were performed on the human peritoneal mesothelial cell line (HMrSV5, kindly donated by Prof. Pierre RONCO). Morphological changes of HPMCs were observed by phase contrast microscopy. The expressions of cytokeratin 8, cytokeratin 18 and vimentin were detected by immunocytochemistry. mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) were detected by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Production of MMP-9 and type I collagen was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

RESULTSTNF-alpha (1 - 10 ng/ml) induced morphological changes in about 50% - 60% of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). The original polygonal cobblestone monolayer was changed into elongated, spindle-shape characteristic of fibroblasts. The original strong positive expression of cytokeratin 8 and cytokeratin 18 was changed in all morphologically changed HPMCs to negative, but the expression of vimentin maintained positive. By 4-hour treatment with TNF-alpha (1 - 10 ng/ml), mRNA expression of MMP9 was significantly up-regulated, and mRNA expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were down-regulated. We also observed that the production of MMP-9 and type I collagen increased significantly after 24-hour treatment with TNF-alpha.

CONCLUSION24-hour treatment with TNF-alpha, produced a partial transformation of HPMCs into the fibroblast phenotype. TNF-alpha treatment of HPMCs up-regulated the synthesis of MMP-9 and type I collagen, which may facilitate peritoneal extracellular matrix remodeling and fibrogenesis.

Cell Line ; Cell Size ; drug effects ; Collagen Type I ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; analysis ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; genetics ; Peritoneum ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases ; genetics ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology ; Vimentin ; analysis

Objective: To investigate the effects of non-muscle myosin ⅡA (NMⅡA) silenced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the lung damage of rats at early stage of smoke inhalation injury. Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, simple injury, NMⅡA-BMSCs, and BMSCs groups according to the completely random method, with 10 rats in each group. Rats in control group inhaled air normally, while rats in the latter 3 groups inhaled smoke to reproduce model of smoke inhalation injury. At 30 min post injury, rats in simple injury group were injected with 1 mL normal saline via caudal vein, and rats in group BMSCs were injected with 1 mL the fifth passage of BMSCs (1×10⁷/mL), and rats in group NMⅡA-BMSCs were injected with 1 mL NMⅡA silenced BMSCs (1×10⁷/mL). At post injury hour (PIH) 24, abdominal aorta blood and right lung of rats in each group were harvested, and then arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), and pH value were detected by blood gas analyzer. Ratio of wet to dry weight of lung was determined by dry-wet weight method. Pathological changes of lung were observed with HE staining. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected, and then tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) content of BALF was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and least-significant difference test. Results: (1) At PIH 24, compared with those in control group, PaO₂ values of rats in simple injury, BMSCs, and NMⅡA-BMSCs groups were obviously decreased (with P values below 0.05), and PaCO₂ values were obviously increased (with P values below 0.05). Compared with those in simple injury group, PaO₂ values of rats in groups NMⅡA-BMSCs and BMSCs were obviously increased (with P values below 0.05), while PaCO₂ values were obviously decreased (with P values below 0.05). PaO₂ value of rats in group NMⅡA-BMSCs was obviously increased as compared with that in group BMSCs (P<0.05). The pH value of arterial blood of rats in simple injury group was obviously lower than that in control group (P<0.05). (2) At PIH 24, ratios of wet to dry weight of lung of rats in control, simple injury, BMSCs, and NMⅡA-BMSCs groups were 4.36±0.15, 7.79±0.42, 5.77±0.18, and 5.11±0.20, respectively. Compared with that in control group, ratio of wet to dry weight of lung of rats was obviously increased in the other 3 groups (with P values below 0.05). Compared with that in simple injury group, ratio of wet to dry weight of lung of rats was obviously decreased in groups BMSCs and NMⅡA-BMSCs (with P values below 0.05). Compared with that in group BMSCs, ratio of wet to dry weight of lung of rats in group NMⅡA-BMSCs was obviously decreased (P<0.05). (3) At PIH 24, alveolar structure of rats in control group was complete without abnormality. Compared with those in simple injury group, lung injury and infiltration of inflammatory cells of rats in groups BMSCs and NMⅡA-BMSCs were obviously alleviated, and alveolar structure was relatively complete with no thickening of alveolar wall. (4) At PIH 24, compared with that in control group, TNF-α content of BALF of rats in simple injury and BMSCs groups was obviously increased (with P values below 0.05). Compared with that in simple injury group, TNF-α content of BALF in groups BMSCs and NMⅡA-BMSCs was obviously decreased (with P values below 0.05). Compared with that in control group, IL-10 content of BALF in simple injury, NMⅡA-BMSCs and BMSCs groups were obviously increased (with P values below 0.05). Compared with that in simple injury group, IL-10 content of BALF in groups BMSCs and NMⅡA-BMSCs was obviously increased (with P values below 0.05). Compared with that in group BMSCs, IL-10 content of BALF in group NMⅡA-BMSCs was obviously increased (P<0.05). Conclusions NMⅡA silenced BMSCs can alleviate lung damage of rats at early stage of smoke inhalation injury, showing better effectiveness than using BMSCs only.

Objective:To determine the relationship between health self-empowerment level and health self-management skill in older adults.Methods:A household survey was conducted from June 2020 to April 2021, among older adults in two communities each in Zhuzhou and Changsha selected by stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected through a general questionnaire, simplified. Elders Health Empowerment Scale, and Rating Scale of Health Self-Management Skill for Adults. A total of 444 questionnaires were distributed, of which 425 were valid. Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were used to analyze the relationship between health self-empowerment level and health self-management skill.Results:Final sample included 425 elderly people. Health self-empowerment was at medium to high level (30.9±5.6), whereas health self-management was at medium level (146.2±21.7); and the two factors were significantly correlated (Pearson coefficient was 0.724). After controlling for confounding factors (demographic characteristics), health self-empowerment independently accounted for 34.3% of the variation in health self-management ability.Conclusion:Health self-empowerment positively affects health self-management ability among older adults, which suggests the importance of stimulating health self-empowerment awareness in the process of health self-management.