Objective To assess the histological characteristics of cervical cancer using intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging ( IVIMMRI) and to investigate the performance of IVIMMRI in evaluation of the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of intermediate/advanced cervical cancer. Methods Pelvic MRI scans, containing T2WI, IVIM (14 b values, b=0?1 000 s/mm2), and contrast?enhanced T1 scans were performed in 23 patients pathologically diagnosed with intermediate/advanced cervical cancer ( stage ≥Ⅱb ) before chemoradiotherapy, after two and four weeks of treatment, and at the end of treatment. The IVIMMRI data were processed with the bi?exponential model to generate three parameters, containing pure diffusion coefficient ( D ) , pseudodiffusion coefficient ( D?) , and perfusion fraction ( f ) . Apparent diffusion coefficient ( ADC ) was obtained using the mono?exponential model. The IVIMMRI parameters were measured at each time point and their dynamics and correlation were analyzed. Results The ADC, D, and f values were significantly higher after complete treatment ( 0?96 × 10-3 vs. 1?77 × 10-3 mm2/s, P=0?000;0?76 × 10-3 vs. 1.34± 0?12 × 10-3 mm2/s, P=0?000;0?14% vs. 0?24%, P=0?012). The above three values significantly increased after two weeks of treatment (all P=0?000) and kept increasing until the end of the treatment. In contrast, the D? value was reduced from the second week to the end of the treatment. Conclusions IVIMMRI can monitor the dynamic functional changes and early tumor responses during chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer, which holds promise for clinical application.

Objective: To investigate the effect of macrophage-capping protein (CapG) on migration and proliferation of human gastric cancer cell line.Methods: Real-time PCR method was used to detect the expression of CapG gene in four gastric cancer cell lines, and AGS cells with low expression and transfection were selected as the research objects.Specific primers were designed for CapG and recombinant plasmids synthesized.A lentivirus packaging system which could express CapG was constructed, and a cell line stably expressing CapG was established by infecting human gastric cancer cell line AGS cells.The effect of overexpression of CapG gene on the growth and proliferation of AGS cells was analyzed by CCK8 assay.Cells cratch and Transwell assay were used to analyze the effect of overexpression of CapG gene on AGS cell migration.Results: After the overexpression of CapG, the growth rate of AGS cells was slightly lower than that of the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (t=2.424, P=0.073).Scratch test showed that the average narrowing distance of the scratches in the CapG experimental group was significantly reduced compared with the control group, the average narrowing distance of the CapG experimental group and the control group was 336.99 μm and 45.54 μm, the difference was statistically significant (t=14.97, P=0.004).The average number of cell penetra-ting membrane in the CapG experimental group and the eGFP control group was 176 and 70, the number of the cells in the CapG experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (t=40.00, P<0.001).Conclusion: The overexpression of CapG gene has no significant effect on the growth and proliferation of AGS cells of gastric cancer cell line.Overexpression of CapG gene can promote the migration of AGS cells of gastric cancer cell lines.

Objective To evaluate the changes of left ventricular(LV) 3-dimension peak displacement (3D-D) during different cardiac pacing patterns. To provide a reliable mechanical data base for the optimization cardiac pacing. Methods Cardiac pacings in open-chest Beagle canine models( n = 10) were performed using three patterns[I, e. , right ventricular apical pacing (RVA-P), LV lateral pacing (LVL-P)and LV apical pacing(LVA-P)],3D full volumetric real-time imaging were acquired in a completed cardiac cycle. The 3D-D,3D-D peak time (3D-DTc) and the standard deviation of TC(3D-DTSD) were calculated and analyzed in different pacing patterns for difference and spatial correlationship. Results ① The 3D-D of LVL-P and LVA-P state decreased compared with BASE and RVA-P state, there were significant 3D-D difference of mid anterior,mid anteriorspetal, mid interior,mid posterior, mid lateral between LVL-P and BASE, RVA-P patterns( P ＜0.05). There were significant 3D-D difference of mid anterior,mid lateral,mid posterior between LVA-P and RVA-P patterns groups( P ＜0.05). There were significant 3D-D difference of all segments in apical level between LVL-P,LVA-P and BASE, RVA-P states( P ＜0.05). ② Corrected by the heart rate,the 3D-DTC of different cardiac pacing patterns were shorter than BASE state. ③ There were no significant 3D-DTSD difference between different cardiac pacings and BASE patterns. There were significant 3D-DTSD difference between RVA-P and LVA-P patterns (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions LV mechanical activation and synchronization could be maintained during RVA-P rather than LVA-P and LVL-P. Echocardiographic study of left ventricular 3D-D can actually reveal myocardial mechanical state during different cardiac pacings and BASE patterns.

This research studies the process of dynamic concision and 3D reconstruction from medical body data using VRML and JavaScript language, focuses on how to realize the dynamic concision of 3D medical model built with VRML. The 2D medical digital images firstly are modified and manipulated by 2D image software. Then, based on these images, 3D mould is built with VRML and JavaScript language. After programming in JavaScript to control 3D model, the function of dynamic concision realized by Script node and sensor node in VRML. The 3D reconstruction and concision of body internal organs can be formed in high quality near to those got in traditional methods. By this way, with the function of dynamic concision, VRML browser can offer better windows of man-computer interaction in real time environment than before. 3D reconstruction and dynamic concision with VRML can be used to meet the requirement for the medical observation of 3D reconstruction and has a promising prospect in the fields of medical image.
Aged ; Algorithms ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Male ; Programming Languages ; Software

Objective To investigate the clinical pathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of breast rhabdomyosarcoma, and to enhance the awareness of malignancy infiltration to bone marrow (BM). Methods The data of one case of Rhabdomyosarcoma of breast were analyzed retrospectively. BM aspirate and biopsy, morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, molecular biology (MICM) in different parts of BM, peripheral blood smear, fine puncture of breast mass, final biopsy of breast mass by Mammotome System and whole body PET-CT were performed. The immunochemistry stain of specimen of breast mass was used. Results The peripheral blood smear of this patient showed immature erythrocytes, leucocytes and classification of unknown cells which were consistent with BM morphology. The results of BM aspirate and biopsy depicted a hypercellular specimen with disseminated unknown cells infiltration. Unknown cells were positive for CD56 and negative for any hematopoietic markers by flow cytometry. The whole body PET-CT showed that uptake of 18F-FDG of bilateral breast and whole BM was increased, whereas the mass of breast was not presented by CT. PET-CT suggested a probable malignant hematologic disease. The enough specimen of breast mass got from Mammotome System showed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, and the tumor cells were positive for MyoD1, Vimentin and Desmin. Conclusions It is a challenge for early diagnosis of solid sarcoma with unknown origin which diffusely infiltrating into BM. Negative expression of hematopoietic markers by flow cytometry plays a role on differential diagnosis in this setting, whereas PET-CT only provides a valuable reference. Enough specimen and immunohistochemical staining could provide solid evidences of diagnosis.

Objective To explore the clinical features and causes of misdiagnosis of the patients with acquired deficiency of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors (ADVKDCF). Methods Retrospective analysis was performed with the data from 62 patients with ADVKDCF for etiological factors, clinical manifestations,laboratory examinations, diagnosis and treatments. Results Among the 62 patients, 51 patients were with unknown causes( subgroup A) and 11 were with clear histories of anticoagulant rodenticide poisoning( subgroup B). The presentations of hemorrhage of the patients varied with hematuria as the most common first symptom,followed by skin, mucosa, muscle, internal organs bleeding (28/62). The most common hemorrhage symptom is hematuria. 35 of the 62 patients had hemoglobin(Hb) levels less than 100 g/L due to blood loss( the lowest level was 32 g/L). Thirty-eight patients were misdiagnosed at the first visit and the median time from hemorrhage manifestation to definite diagnosis was 8 days (range,2 to 192 days). ADVKDCF was mostly misdiagnosed as the urinary system diseases (23/38), followed by hemophilia (8/38). Laboratory examinations showed normal platelet count , throm bin time (TT) and normal fibrinogen(Fg) concentration, but prolonged plasma prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT) and international normalized ration (INR). All of patients received high dose vitamin K ( intravenous vitamin K1 with a initial dose of 20 to 240 mg/d and then oral vitamin K4 maintenance) . The bleeding symptoms disappeared 1 day after treatment and the Hb levels increased dramatically. There were significant differences in PT, APTT and INR of the patients before and after treatment( P ＜0. 01 ). Followed by a median follow - up of 8 months , no patient had severe adverse effects or recurrence. Conclusion The hemorrhage presentations of the patients with ADVKDCF are various. The most common hemorrhage symptom is hematuria. The misdiagnosis rate of ADVKDCF is high with urinary systems disorders as the most common misdiagnosis. Sequential treatment with vitamin K is an effective and safe method to prevent recurrence. Early detection of coagulation function is helpful to reduce misdiagnosis possibility.

This research aims at the process of three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction from medical body data using VRML and VC++, JavaScript language and focuses on the application of VRML for 3D reconstruction of medical digital images. The 2D medical digital images firstly are modified in VC++ language. Then, the images are manipulated by mould built in VRML and modified in JavaScript language. Finally, the 3D reconstruction of body internal organs can be formed in high quality near to those got in traditional methods. Furthermore, VRML browser can offer better windows of man-computer interaction in real time environment. As a new method and tool quite different from traditional ways of 3D reconstruction, VRML is useful for the visualization of medical 3D reconstruction based on 2D images and has a promising prospect in the field of medical image.
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Programming Languages ; Software

Objective To monitor the dynamic changes of radiation-induced parotid damage using T2 ? mapping.Methods Thirty-four patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)were enrolled.All patients underwent T1 WI,T2 WI and T2 ? mapping for bilateral parotid glands at pre-RT (2 weeks before radiotherapy),mid-RT (5 weeks after the beginning of radiotherapy)and post-RT (4 weeks after the completion of radiotherapy).Parotid MR parameters,mean radiation dose and xerostomia degrees of the patients at different time points were recorded.Furthermore,nine healthy volunteers were enrolled,who undergone T2 ? mapping twice with an interval of 4 weeks in order to analyze the reproducibility of T2 ? value.Results From pre-RT to mid-RT and post-RT,parotid volume decreased [atrophy rates,(25.34±11.33)％ and (25.74±9.93)％,respectively]and T2 ? values decreased [change rates,(-5.63±8.86)％ and (-4.81±10.67)％, respectively]significantly (all P < 0.01 ).Parotid normalized T1 signal intensity decreased significantly from pre-RT to post-RT [change rate,(-7.43±10.61)％,P =0.007],and the change rate was correlated inversely with mean radiation dose significantly (r =-0.646, P <0.001).Parotid volume and T2 ? value changed correspondingly with xerostomia degrees of the patients during radiotherapy.Parotid MR parameters showed excellent reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient,0.843 -0.993).Conclusion The dynamic changes of radiation-induced parotid damage in patients with NPC can be noninvasively evaluated by routine MRI and T2 ? mapping.

BACKGROUND: The combination of polycaprolactone and hyaluronic acid creates an ideal environment for wound healing. Hyaluronic acid maintains a moist wound environment and accelerates the in-growth of granulation tissue. Polycaprolactone has excellent mechanical strength, limits inflammation and is biocompatible. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of bio-conjugated polycaprolactone membranes (BPM) as a wound dressing. METHODS: 16 New Zealand white rabbits were sedated and local anaesthesia was administered. Two 3.0x3.0 cm full-thickness wounds were created on the dorsum of each rabbit, between the lowest rib and the pelvic bone. The wounds were dressed with either BPM (n=12) or Mepitel (n=12) (control), a polyamide-silicon wound dressing. These were evaluated macroscopically on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th postoperative days for granulation, re-epithelialization, infection, and wound size, and histologically for epidermal and dermal regeneration. RESULTS: Both groups showed a comparable extent of granulation and re-epithelialization. No signs of infection were observed. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in wound size between the two groups. BPM (n=6): 8.33 cm2, 4.90 cm2, 3.12 cm2, 1.84 cm2; Mepitel (n=6): 10.29 cm2, 5.53 cm2, 3.63 cm2, 2.02 cm2; at the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th postoperative days. The extents of epidermal and dermal regeneration were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: BPM is comparable to Mepitel as a safe and efficacious wound dressing.
Bandages* ; Granulation Tissue ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Inflammation ; Membranes* ; Pelvic Bones ; Rabbits ; Re-Epithelialization ; Regeneration ; Ribs ; Skin ; Wound Healing ; Wounds and Injuries*

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of electroacupuncture at Zhongwan （CV12） on gastric nociceptive response induced by gastric acid stimulation and explore the underlying mechanisms associated with nuclei of the medullary viscerosensory and visceral motor neurons. MethodsTwenty SD rats were given intragastric administration of 0.5 mol/L diluted hydrochloric acid （0.5 ml/100 g） to induce gastric nociceptive response induction. Eight rats were randomly selected to record the gastric slow wave （GSW） area under the curve， and extracellular discharge frequency of neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract （NTS） and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve （DMV） before intragastric administration and at 1， 5， 10， 15， 20， 25， 30， 35， 40， 45， 50， 55， and 60 minutes after intragastric administration. The remaining 12 rats received electroacupuncture intervention at Zhongwan within 5 to 25 minutes after intragastric administration of diluted hydrochloric acid， with a duration of one minute. The GSW area under the curve and extracellular discharge frequency of NTS and DMV neurons were compared between the 1-minute intervals before and after electroacupuncture intervention. ResultsCompared to the baseline before intragastric administration， the area under the curve of GSW significantly increased at 1， 5， 10， 15， 20， and 25 minutes after intragastric administration， and the extracellular discharge frequency of excitatory neurons in the NTS （accounting for 90%， 57/63） significantly increased at 1， 5， 10， 15， 20， 25， 30， 35， and 40 minutes， both reaching peak values at 1 minute after intragastric administration （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. The extracellular discharge frequency of inhibitory neurons in the DMV （accounting for 91%， 20/22） showed a non-significant increase at 1 minute after intragastric administration （P＞0.05）， but significantly decreased at other timepoints （P＜0.05）. Compared to the baseline before electroacupuncture intervention， the GSW area under the curve and the extracellular discharge frequency of excitatory neurons in the NTS significantly decreased （P＜0.05）， while the extracellular discharge frequency of inhibitory neurons in the DMV showed no significant difference （P＞0.05）. ConclusionElectroacupuncture at Zhongwan can improve gastric nociceptive response induced by gastric acid stimulation， possibly by reducing the transmission of visceral sensation and decreasing the excitability of NTS neurons in the medulla.