The crux of medical moral education into training the medical moral concept of medical students. From psycholgical aspect,this paper analyzes the levels and structures of medical concept,and suggests its corresponding training method.

Objective:To explore the sexual behavior of high school students of Beijing and its relationship to parent and peer attachment.Methods:847 students of two high schools in Beijing were investigated with self-designed inventory on sexual behavior and Inventory of Parental and Peer Attachment.Results:The age of first menstruation among girl was 12.7,that of first semen loss of boys was 13.2.3.3% students had sex intercourse(in boys 16/350,in girls 12/497),the average age of them was 16.0.39.1% students had dating experience.The source of sex information came mainly from friends(38.8%),books and newspaper(24.5%),and school education(15.8%).Boys had more positive attitude to sex behavior of peers than girls.Students with safe attachment to parents were more conservative to sex behavior than those with unsafe attachment to parents.They also had less sexual behaviors.Conclusion:Sex behavior and attitude of high school students in Beijing have week association with attachment pattern.

Human placenta-derived stem cells (hPD-SCs) are a mixed group of stem cells.Stem cell medicine has applications for organ damage or failure through regenerative,anti-apoptotic,anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties in addition to cell function recovery.Presently,human placenta mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) have similar characteristics to the differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells by promoting hepatocyte regeneration,anti-hepatocyte apoptosis and anti-liver fibrosis,in vitro or in animal models.To further our investigation,a summary of the origin,sorting and biological properties of hPDSCs along with a narration of hPDSCs for liver disease therapy was written.This leads to a discussion for new ideas to further explore cell treatment for liver disease.

Objective To survey the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in adults of urban inhabitants of Shanghai. Methods Of 9376 adults aged 30 years and over, 1137 whose capillary blood glucose concentrations≥6. 7mmol/L 2 hours after 100g steam-bread meal underwent to OGTT and measurement of height.body weight and WHR. WHO (1985) standard was used as diagnostic criteria, the results were compared with those diagnosed with ADA (1997) criteria. Results According to WHO criteria,the prevalence rates of DM was 4. 16 %,and the prevalence rate of IGT was 4. 26%. But according to ADA(1997) criteria, the prevalence rate of DM was 4. 76%. The prevalence rate of DM and IGT were significantly increased with increasing age in those aged over 40. The prevalence rates of DM and IGT were much higher in patients with BMI≥25 than in those with BMI

Objective To study the expression of Mage A1、A2、A3 in breast cancer tissues and four breast cancer cell lines Methods The expression of Mage A1、A2、A3 in breast cancer tissues and four breast cancer cell lines, MCF 7、Sk Br 3、MDA MB 435s and TM40D was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) Results The positive expression rate of Mage A in breast cancer tissues was 13/33 (39%), of Mage A1 was 4/33 (12%), of Mage A2 was 8/33 (24%), and of Mage A3 was 7/33 (21%), respectively Both Mage A1 and Mage A3 were positive in breast cancer cell line MCF 7 and Sk Br 3 MDA MB 435s expressed Mage A2 and Mage A3 Mage A3 was positive in TM40D Conclusion Mage genes were often expressed in breast cancer, but expression of Mages varies in the breast cancer cell lines Mage genes encoding proteins are eligible for Mage peptide based active immunotherapy

0.05). Conclusion Peaks of serum gonadotropin and sex hormone concentrations are reached at 2~4 months of age and sexual dimorphism is shown, suggesting that in boy and girl infants, different mechanisms may be involved in regulating the development of gonads.

Objective To summarize the clinical presentation, pathology features, and treat-ment principle for primary testicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Methods Twelve patients were di-agnosed with primary testicular lymphoma. The mean age was 62 years (36-78). Of the patients, unilateral primary testicular tumors were found in 11 cases and bilateral tumors were found in 1 case. All cases had swollen testes, 3 cases had mild pain and 1 had low-grade fever. Ultrasonic examination detected solid mass in all 12 cases. CT scan revealed retroperitoneal enlarged lymph nodes in 3 cases. Nine patients were diagnosed with disease of stage Ⅰ E, 2 of stage Ⅱ E, and 1 of stage Ⅲ E. All of the patients underwent radical orchiectomies. Postoperative treatment included: CHOP chemotherapy for 10 cases, radiotherapy after chemotherapy for 5 cases, and surgery alone for 2 cases. Results Post-operative pathology results were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in all cases. One patient lost in follow up, one died within 2 years because of other disease. The 1, 3 and 5 year actual survival rates were 82% (9/11) ,40%(4/10),20% (2/10), respectively. The relapsed organs included contralateral testis(3/ 11), central nervous system(3/11), liver(1/11)and retroperitoneal lymph node(1/11). Conclusions The prognosis of the primary testicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is very poor. Chemotherapy must be used after surgery for any stage. Stage Ⅰ E and Ⅱ E patient should be treated by surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Contralateral testis should be irradiated prophylactically. Pa-tients beyond stage Ⅱ E should accept chemotherapy after surgery and radiotherapy according to the patient's status.

Objective To investigate the mechanism by which epidermal growth factor (EGF) accelerates the growth of estrogen-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-435S. Methods Under the effect of EGF cyclin D_1 was measured by Western blot and cell-cycle was assayed by FCM. Results EGF enhanced cyclin D_1 expression. Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor Go6976 blocked cyclin D_1 over-expression caused by EGF. In EGF group G_0/G_1 was 69.36%, phase S was 22.77% and PI was 0.31. Differences were all significant compared with control (P

OBJECTIVE:To understand the knowledge about rational drug use(RDU) in inpatients.METHODS:An cluster sampling investigation was carried out by questionnaire at separate times and in separate groups in 2 419 inpatients in the hospital where the authors work. RESULTS:The majority of the inpatients were concerned much with the drug use,but lacked the knowledge about RDU and had much misunderstanding about drug use.CONCLUSION:The relevant measures must be taken to guide the RDU in patients and to improve the understanding of RDU.

Objective To investigate and analyze the attitudes of higher vocational nursing students toward death and the related effect factors.Methods Totally 324 nursing students in a higher vocational school in Shaanxi province were investigated with death attitude profile-revised scale.Contents of investigation included physical and mental health status,family members' attitude towards death,family form and ranking,religion,presence of suicidal thoughts,exposure to mass media reports about death,reading books about death,death fear,death escape,natural acceptance,approach acceptance,avoidance acceptance,etc.SPSS 16.0 was used for data entry and statistic analysis,mean and standard deviation for statistical description,t test and variance analysis for statistical inference.Results ①Higher vocational nursing students got the highest average score (3.93 ± 0.55) in the dimension of natural acceptance.②In the dimension of avoidance acceptance,the scores of nursing students with excellent and good physical and mental health were significantly lower than those of students with general physical and mental health (F=4.80,P=0.009) ; the scores of nursing students in single parent family were significantly higher than those of students in other family forms (F=4.59,P=0.004) ; the scores of nursing students with suicidal thoughts were significantly higher than those of students without (t=-4.77,P=0.000).In the dimension of death avoidance,the scores of nursing students whose family discussed death openly were significantly lower than those of students whose family never done so (F=6.88,P=0.001).In the dimension of natural acceptance,the scores of nursing students with religious beliefs were significantly lower than those of students without (t=2.52,P=0.012) ; the scores of nursing students who gained information of death from mass media were significantly higher than those of nursing students who never done so.(t=-3.85,P=0.000),which was the same in the dimension of approach acceptance (t=-3.48,P=0.001).Conclusions The majority of higher vocational nursing students can naturally accept death reality.Attitude of higher vocational nursing students toward death are influenced by physical and mental health,discussing death in family,family form,religious belief,suicidal thought and news or report about death from the mass media.