Objective To observe the role of cannabinoid receptor-2 (CB2) in acute experimental colitis in mice, and to explore its effect on the endoplasmic reticulum stress ( ERS ) in the intestinal mucosa . Methods 32 SPF mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group,CB2 agonist group and CB2 antagonist group. Disease activity index( DAI) and colon histopathological score( HS) were evaluatd. The levels of TNF-α and IL-10 in colon tissue were detected by ELISA. The expression of CB2 and ERS markers GRP78, CHOP in colon tissues were de-tected by immunohistochemical. The mRNA levels of GRP78 and CHOP were detected by RT-PCR. Results Com-pared with the normal group,the level of TNF-αwas significantly higher and the level of IL-10 was significantly low-er(P<0. 05) in the model group,the expressions of GRP78, CHOP and its mRNA were significantly higher(P<0. 05). Compared with the model group,the expression of CB2 in the CB2 agonist group was significantly higher(P<0. 05),the level of TNF-α dropped and the level of IL-10 increased(P<0. 05),and the expressions of GRP78, CHOP and its mRNA were significantly reduced(P<0. 05). The level of IL-10,TNF-α and ERS markers had no significant difference bewteen CB2 antagonist group and the model group ( P>0. 05 ) . Conclusion Severe endo-plasmic reticulum stress exists in intestinal mucosa of experimental colitis mice. The CB2 agonist activates CB2 ex-pression,reducing colitis in mice. Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting ERS in intestinal mucosa.

ObjectiveTo investigate the colonoscopic manifestations, the prevalence and natural history of vascular malformation (VM) in elderly patients .MethodsTotally 2917 elderly patients were examined by colonoscopy and the colonoscopic apperances and prevalence were studied. A 3 years follow-up for VM patients was carried to assess bleeding risk. ResultsPrevalence in elderly group was 2.4%, while 0.8% for the non-elderly(P

Objective To report on the clinical presentations of patients with colonic angiodysplasia and the results of electrocoagulation under the guide of colonoscopy. Methods Study on the clinical and endoscopic manifestation of patient with colonic angiodysplasia and follow-up study for the risk of bleeding in asymptomatic AD and in those after electrocoagulation. Results Totally 10 200 cases were involved in colonoscopy, among them 126(1. 24%) cases of CAD were found. Prevalence rate in asymptomatic group was 0. 89%, in bleeding group 2. 62%, and in nonbleeding group 0. 82%. In 9 asymptomatic AD cases no bleeding occurred in a period of 3-year follow-up. However, most of the bleeding AD patients have bleeding relapsed within 3 years. The curative effect of electrocoagulation during 1 year is significant the relapse rate of bleeding, 18% as compared to 54% in patients with bleeding without electrocoagilation P

Objective To assess the value of ultrasonic probe (USP) in the diagnosis of Submucous eminence of colorectume.Methods Sixty-eight patients with colorectal submucous eminence in 70 areas received USP under colonoscope.The accuracy of diagnosis was evaluated.Results Twenty carcinoid tumor were detected which manifested submucous hypoechoic ; Lipoma 12,located in right half colon which manifested submucous layer,clear boundaries hyperechoic; Cyst 12 manifested single or multi lattices no-echo on submucous which have integrated involucrum.Mesenchymoma or myoma levicellulare 12,most of them located inthe rectum manifested uniform or no-uniform hypoechoic on the muscularis mucosa or below and were difficult to discriminate.Malignant lymphoma,3 manifested muscularis mucosa and submucosa thickening,muscularis propria were seldom affected.Vascular diseases (hemangioma,varicosity) 3,manifested no-echoic on mucosa or submucosa,some medium,high echoic,circular or irregular,and also endometriosis 2,pigment deposition 1,appendix abscess 1,extramural compression 2,ultrasonic test is marched with clinic diagnosis.Accuracy rate is 100％.Conclusion USP can diagnose colorectal submucous eminence with high accuracy,and even provide information about the size,layer of origin,border of the colorectal submucous eminence and can distinguish benign or malignant tumor according to ultrasonic check,at the same time provide differentiation with extramural compressive lesions.

Objective Detecting the level of IDO and KYN in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients; using ROC curve to discuss their value in the diagnosis of patients with active UC. Methods 60 cases of UC group, 18 cases of dis-ease control group and 20 cases of healthy control group were included in the study. Immunohistochemical staining methods were used to detect the expression of IDO in colonic mucosa of UC, enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) methods were used to detect the serum levels of IDO, KYN and CRP, and the value with ROC curve method was analyzed. Results ① There was a positive correlation between IDO level and IDO expression (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between KYN level and IDO expression (P<0.05). ②The levels of IDO and KYN in UC group were higher than those of disease control group and health control group (P<0.05). ③The levels of IDO and KYN in patients with active UC were significantly higher than that in patients with catabasis UC (P<0.01), and the levels increased with severity of inflammation. ④ The levels of IDO and KYN in active UC were positively related to disease activity and CRP levels (P<0.05). ⑤The IDO,KYN and CRP area under ROC curve were 0.976, 0.856 and 0.864;best cut-off point were 53.66 U/L, 2.34 nmol/L and 1.75 mg/ml;sensitiv-ity were 90.5%, 78.65% and 100.0%; specifity were 94.4%, 83.3% and 61.1%; Youden index were 0.839 2, 0.619 0 and 0.611 1. Conclusion The levels of IDO and KYN in serum can be used as an important index to judge the severity of UC. They have important value in the diagnosis of active UC . The value of IDO is higher than KYN and CRP.

Background:It was demonstrated that vitamin D has extensive biological effects,and evidence exists on association between vitamin D and a variety of immune mediated diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. Aims:To investigate the relationship between serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25OHD)and disease activity and quality of life in patients with ulcerative colitis( UC). Methods:Serum level of 25OHD was detected by electrochemiluminescence in 50 outpatients/inpatients with UC from Oct. 2015 to Mar. 2016 at the Anhui Provincial Hospital;35 healthy subjects were served as normal controls. CRP,ESR and PLT were determined by routine laboratory tests in UC patients. Disease activity of UC was assessed by improved Mayo score,and Chinese version IBD questionnaire( IBDQ)was employed to assess quality of life. Results:Vitamin D deficiency defined as serum 25OHD ﹤20 ng/mL was detected in 68. 0% of the UC patients. The mean value of serum 25OHD was significantly lower in UC group than in normal control group[(16. 73 ± 8. 83)ng/mL vs.(19. 84 ± 4. 56)ng/mL,P﹤0. 05]. When patients were stratified with disease activity,serum level of 25OHD decreased in the order of remission,mild,moderate and severe active stage(P ﹤0. 05). In UC patients with vitamin D deficiency,the value of CRP,ESR and PLT were significantly increased(P all ﹤0. 05)and the overall score of IBDQ and scores of four dimensions of IBDQ referring to bowel symptom,systemic symptom,emotional function and social function were significantly decreased(P all ﹤0. 05). Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients analyses showed that serum level of 25OHD was negatively correlated with Mayo score,CRP,ESR and PLT(P all ﹤0. 05),and positively correlated with scores of IBDQ,including overall score and four dimensional scores in UC group( P all ﹤0. 05 ). Conclusions:Vitamin D deficiency occurs frequently in patients with UC and might have a negative impact on disease activity and quality of life.

Objective To investigate the geographical distribution of plague host animals in residential areas and the association between plague and its distribution pattern in Yunnan Province.Methods A systematic investigation on fauna and community ecology of rodents was carried out in residential areas of 17 counties(cities) of Yunnan Province,southwestern China with different longitude,latitude and elevation from May 2007 to November 2012.The characteristics of the spatial distribution of flea communities along environmental gradients were analyzed using community structure indexes.Results A total of 390 small mammals were trapped in seventeen counties (cities),and the mammals were classified into 11 species and 7 genus in 4 families.Among all small host mammals,Rattus tanezumi,Rattus nitidus and Rattus norvegicus were dominant species of host animals in residential areas,accounting for 33.85％ (132/390),20.77％ (81/390) and 16.92％ (66/390),respectively.The horizontal distribution of rodents showed that Rattus tanezumi was the widest species in residential areas,which was found at the longitude 98°-105°,followed by Rattus norvegicus,Rattus yunnanensis and Mus musculus.The vertical and latitudinal distributions of rodents were similar in residential areas.Rattus tanezumi was also the widest distributed species,which was observed at the latitude 21°-＜ 28°N and at the altitude 500-＜ 3 500 m; the constituent of Rattus tanezumi showed similar trends of leaning peak curves,first gradually increasing and then decreasing with the increase of latitude and elevation; Rattus tanezumi gradually changed into Rattus nitidus and Apodemus chevrieri,et al.The richness spatial distribution patterns of host animals showed similar trends of leaning peak curves which gradually increased and then decreased with increasing of longitude and latitude; the highest richness was observed at the longitude 98°-＜ 101°E and at the latitude 23°-＜ 28°N.While,the richness spatial d istribution patterns of host animals were relatively poor in the low or the high altitude range.The highest richness was observed at the altitude between 1 000-＜ 1 500 m and 2 000-＜ 2 500 m.Conclusions All spatial patterns of indoor host animals have shown an aggregated spatial distribution in Yunnan Province.Moreover,important environmental factors such as longitude,latitude,and altitude play a substantial role on the distribution patterns of indoor host animals among various focus,therefore directly impact on the modes of prevalence and transmission of plague.

Objective To investigate the incidence of occult pancreatobiliary reflux and to evaluate its relation to gallbladder epithelial dysplasia and cancer. Methods From July 2006 to Feb 2008,956 cases underwent selective biliary procedure or preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopanereatography (ERCP), bile was collected and amylase was measured. All removed gallbladders were pathologically examined for dysplasia and cancer. Results Occult pancreatobihary reflux was found in 75 of 754 patients in this study, with an incidence of 9. 9%. The biliary amylase values in the patients with occult pancreatobiliary reflux and in controls were 7701±20 378 IU/L and 16±51 IU/L, respectively ( P <0. 01 ).Gallbladder dysplasia and cancer were found in 31.0% and 3.4% of the patients with occult pancreatobiliaryreflux, respectively, and both were higher than those in the patients without pancreatobiliary reflux ( P <0. 05). In the patients with occult pancreatobiliary reflux, the biliary amylase level with gallbladder dysplasia or cancer was 2388 ± 2745 IU/L and was higher than those without gallbladder dysplasia or cancer (P < 0. 01 ). Conclusions With an incidence of 9.9% in patients of normal pancreatobiliary junction,the occult pancreatobihary reflux may contribute to the pathogenesis of gallbladder epithelial dysplasia and cancer.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between serum tissue inhibitors of metaUoproteinase-1 and children with myocarditis,and provide evidences to support the measurement of serum tissue inhibitors of metallopro- teinase-1. Methods Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinaee-1 and bioehem indexes of the harvested specimens and e -chocardiogram were measured from children with myocarditis(age: 1～14 years old, n = 9) and healthy young chil- dren(age: 1～14 years old, n = 9). Results Children with myocarditis showed reduced ejection fraction and dilated left ventricular compared with healthy children. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinaee-1 in children with myocarditis was significantly reduced compared with healthy children. Aspartie acid transanainase, lactate dehydrogenase,creatine kinase, hydroxybutyrie acid dehydrogenase, MB isoenzyrne of creatine kinase, cardiac troponin Ⅰ , C reactive protein showed no difference between two groups. Conclusion The reduced serum level of tissue inhibitors of metallopro- teinase-1 may show the severity of children with myocarditis and maybe one of the mechanisms of children with di- lated cardiomyopathy following myocarditis.

Objective To detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of patients with pancreatic cancer using a new nano microfluidic chip and to explore the relationship between CTCs and clinicopathological feature,postoperative recurrence and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.Methods The peripheral blood samples of 53 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent curative resection in the second affiliated hospital of Jiaxing college of medicine were collected from January 2015 to January 2017.The CTCs from peripheral blood were detected by novel nano microfluidic chip.The cut-off value for CTCs-positive and negative groups was 1 CTC.The relationship between CTCs positive and postoperative recurrence and prognosis of pancreatic cancer were evaluated.Results The number of CTCs for 23 pancreatic cancer of 53 patients ranged from 5 to 196 per ml,and the mean number was 78.5 ± 44.7 per ml;the rate of CTCs-positive patients was 43.4％ (23/53).There were significant correlation between CTCs with vascular invasion (P =0.001),but but CTCs was not correlated with the gender,age,the presence of clinical symptoms,tumor size,pathological type,lymph metastasis and TNM stage.31 patients had tumor recurrence,and the rate of tumor recurrence was 58.5％.Among them,there were 13 cases with tumor local recurrence,10 cases with tumor distant metastasis (including liver,lung,kidney,etc.) and 8 cases with both tumor local recurrence and distant metastasis.The median recurrence free survival time of all patients was 14.0 months (13.0-17.0) and the median overall survival time was 19.0 months (15.5-24.0).The cumulative one-year and two-year recurrence free survival rate were 66.9％,12.2％ for patients with CTCs-positive and 88.3％,42.2％ for CTCs-negative patients,and the differences were statistically significant (both P ＜ 0.05).The cumulative one-year and two-year overall survival rate were 85.4％,33.6％ for patients with CTCs-positive and 96.3％,62.2％ for CTCs-negative.There was no difference in statistics in cumulative one-year overall survival rate and with a statistically significant difference in cumulative two-year overall survival rate (P =0.028).Conclusions Peripheral blood CTCs of pancreatic cancer can be effectively detected by a novel nano microfluidic chip.There were significant correlation between CTCs with vascular invasion and survival time after surgery.CTCs may be a potential prognostic indicator of the postoperative recurrence and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.