Calcium content and calcium-calmodulin complex were determined in endothelial cells before and after they were treated with endotoxin.It was found that endotoxin can promote the disintegration of calcium-calmodulin complex and greatly increase the cacium content in the endothelial cells.

Objective To evaluate whether P53 gene mutation was related with the pathogenesis of ovarian malignant epithelial tumors or not.Methods P53 gene mutation in exons 5-8 was detected by polymerase chain reaction product-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (PCR-SSCP).Results The mutation in benign tumors: 3(10%) cases, but in malignant epithelial tumor:19(38%) cases(P0 05).Conclusions P53 gene mutation in exons 5-8 was probably related with the pathogenesis of ovarian malignant epithelial tumors, but was not related with histological grade.

Objective To prospectively assess the therapeutic procedure and outcome of MR-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy in patients with venous vascular malformations of the extremities. Methods Fifty-seven percutaneous sclerotherapy treatments were performed under MR guidance in 28 patients with venous vascular malformation. Assessment was conducted to analyze (1) individual success of therapy, (2) improvement of clinical symptoms, ( 3 ) occurrence of complications, (4) volume changes at follow-up examinations, (5) contrast-to -noise ration (CNR) changes. Paired-t test was used to compare the volume and CNR of pre- and postintervention. Results All MR-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy were performed successfully and without serious complications. Individual predominant symptoms were improved, especially about the pain and functional impairment. The mean lesion volumes of pre- and post-intervention were (56. 8 ± 11.7 ) cm3 and ( 27.0 ± 7.2 ) cm3 respectively, which showed significant difference ( t = 8. 90, P < 0. 01 ). The percentage of volume shrinkage ranged from 28. 5% to 74. 4% [ mean ( 54. 4 ± 5. 3 ) % ]. The CNR of the pre and post-interventional images were 21.9 ± 2. 0 and 8.4 ± 0. 9 respectively. There was significant difference(t = 21.76, P < 0.01 ) between them, and the percentages of CNR decrease were 40.0% to 78. 0% [ the mean(61.0 ± 3.6)%]. Conclusion MR-guided sclerotherapy of venous vascular malformations of the extremities is a safe and efficient technique.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of deep venous thrombosis(DVT)on lowerlimb venous ultrasonography combined with right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) on transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) in patients with acute pulmonary thrombo embolism(PTE). Methods This prospective multicenter control trial included 520 patients with confirmed acute PTE from 41 hospitals between June 2002 and February 2005.Results The incidence of RVD and DVT was associated with the severity of PTE.There were 57.0%(207/363)patients with RVD,49.6%(1 80/363)patients with DVT,265(73.0%)patients with RVD and/or DVT,and 121(33.3%)patients with combined sign of DVT plus RVD in the whole population.As to major PTE population,206(99.5%)patients had RVD and 121 (58.5%)patients had DVT.In addition,the rate of RVD was much greater in proximal PTE than in lobar PTE and segmental PTE(78.7%,51.4%and 21.7%,respectively,P＜0.001).DVT occurred more frequently in proximal PTE than in lobar PTE and segmental PTE(61.7%,46.8%and 37.0%,respectively,P＜O.001).The incidence of the combined sign was 51.1%,24.3%and 8.7%,respenctively (P＜0.001).Conclusions The incidence of the combined sign of RVD plus DVT was associated with the severity of PTE and the localization of emboli.The combined sign of RVD plus DVT help diagnose major PTE especially in emergency department.

Objective To explore the immunomodulatory mechanism of 2-(-2-benzofuranyl )-2-imidazoline(2-BFI) in rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).Methods Fifty fe-male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups by random digit table , including con-trol group(n=10), EAE model group(n=10), low dose 2-BFI group(1.5 mg/kg, n=10), median dose 2-BFI group (3 mg/kg, n=10) and high dose 2-BFI group (6 mg/kg, n=10).The SD rat model of EAE was induced by immunizing with a guinea pigs′spinal cord homogenate ( GPSCH ) .The severity of EAE was scored according to the signs and symptoms .Pathological changes were observed through Hematoxylin-eosin staining, and then the degrees of inflammatory infiltration were evaluated .The number of activated neuroglia that expressed GFAP and iba 1 in lumbar cords was counted by immunohistochemistry .The expressions of IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in cervical cords were measured by ELISA .Results Compared with EAE group, rats in the low, median and high dose 2-BFI treatment group had lower incidence of EAE , prolonged latency and decreased CNS inflammation , but only the median dose group showed significant alleviation in clinical symptoms and decrease in CNS inflammatory cell infiltration (P<0.05).Immunohistochemical re-sults showed that the numbers of activated microglia were significantly inhibited ,but the numbers of activated astroglia were increased in the rats treated with median dose of 2-BFI in comparison with the EAE group ( P<0.05).Results of ELISA demonstrated that expressions of IL-1βand IFN-γin 3 mg/kg 2-BFI treated group were significantly decreased compared with that in the EAE group (P<0.05), but expressions of IL-4 and IL-10 were remarkably increased(P<0.05).Conclusion 2-BFI at median dose of 3 mg/kg has a benefi-cial neuroprotective effect on rats with EAE , and its mechanism might be related to immunodulation .

BACKGROUND: The complicated localization of intramedullary nails and osteotomy more dependent on surgeons' experience limit the application of conventional total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The occurrence of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology can achieve precise localization and osteotomy in TKA.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness of 3D printing technology-aided TKA versus conventional TKA for genu varum.METHODS: Thirty-four patients with genu varum undergoing primary unilateral TKA were recruited and were then divided into two groups (n=17 per group) in accordance with the random number table. One group was treated with TKA with 3D printing guild plate (3D printing group), while the other group received the conventional TKA (conventional group).The intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, operation time, as well as the Hospital for Special Surgery score, range of motion, and lower limb mechanical alignment at 2 weeks postoperatively were compared between two groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The range of motion of knee in the 3D printing group was larger than that in the conventional group, but had no significant difference at 2 weeks postoperatively (P=0.744). (2) There was no significant difference in the Hospital for Special Surgery scores between two groups at 2 weeks postoperatively (P= 0.532). (3) The postoperative lower limb mechanical alignment showed no significant difference between two groups (t=0.218, P=0.632).(4) The operation time in the 3D printing group was significantly shorter than that in the conventional group (P=0.000). (5) The blood loss in the 3D printing group was significantly less than that in the conventional group (P=0.000). (6) Our findings indicate that 3D printing technology-aided TKA exhibits similar results to the conventional TKA in the Hospital for Special Surgery scores, range of motion, and lower limb mechanical alignment, but it shortens the operation time,reduces the blood loss, and achieves precise osteotomy, which is available for the elderly with poor basic condition, and weak tolerance of surgery.

Objective:To explore effects of Idazoxan(IDA) on changes of neuroglial cells in spinal cords of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).Methods:Rat EAE was induced by immunization with spinal cord homogenates of Geania pigs.EAE clinical manifestations were assessed in terms of the scoring standards.Histological investigation and immunohistochemistry were observed for the inflammatory dedmylinative lesion of CNS and morphology of glial cells.Results:Ida could not decrease the incidence of EAE,but alleviate its clinical manifestation and histological changes.On day 15 after immunization,astrocytes in and around the inflammatory dedmylinative lesion of CNS in EAE rats treated with Ida increased in number and size,on the contrary,microglia decreased in number and size.Conclusion:Ida has protective effects on EAE and its functional mechanism may be concerned with modulation of immunological mechanism of CNS.

OBJECTIVE: To provide information for clinical rational and safe use of albendazole.METHODS: The medical database and network both at home and abroad were searched and the data regarding the research and development,the market information and indications of albendazole were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: 5 dosage forms of albendazole are available in the market: tablets,capsules,granules,oral liquid,and syrup.The sales amount of albendazole in recent years dominated the first 3 places in domestic antiparasites market.There are a total of 39 domestic manufactures for albendazole,which can be used to treat 21 kinds of human parasitosis.Its clinical application is widespread.However,severe adverse drug reactions such as the rare encephalitis syndrome and allergic shock etc induced by albendazole pose hidden risks for treatment;therefore,management on its use should be strengthened.

Objective:To review literature reports of varieties of ADRs induced by mebendazole to provide a sci- entific foundation for clinical revaluation of mebendazole.Method:The related literatures in the internal and external medi- cine medical database in 1994-2004 were explored,and then both analysis and statistics were conducted with the methods of epidemiolngy and literature analysis.Result:ADRs induced by mebendazole could be involved in multiple organs.Most victims were children and the elderly.Their latent periods were determined by the types of ADRs,which had a variety of forms.Conclusion:Mebendazole was potentially unsafe.So we should strengthen our rational drug use and post-marketing revaluation of safety.

Objective To establish the animal model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis(EAE)in Lewis rats.Methods The EAE was induced by giving hypodermal injections in feet with spinal cords homogenate of guinea pigs(GPSCH)and complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)containing 8mg.ml-1 bacille calmette guerin(BCG).The EAE model was evaluated by clinical manifestations and pathologic findings which was studied with the aid of light and electron microscope.Results The EAE in Lewis rats had an incidence of 9/10,a latency of 12.6?1.01d.Bordetella pertussis vaccine(BPV)could increase the morbidity,shorten the latency(P