Objective To investigate the nursing of traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula(TCCF)by intervention.Methods 18 patients with TCCF by intervention were given nursing measures including psychological preparation,eye care,disease observation and complications care.Results All patients gained successful embolization,and the symptoms of proptosis and vascular murmur in patients were alleviated.One case received spring embolism because of balloon rupture.The symptoms of vascular spasm in two patients were alleviated with timely treatment.Hyperperfusion syndrome was relieved after lowering blood pressure in two patients.Conclusions The intervention embolization is an effective treatment of TCCF.Good nursing could improve the efficacy and reduce the incidence of complications.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of percutaneous transsplenic portal vein catheterization (PTSPC). Methods Thirty patients with portal hypertension underwent gastroesophageal variceal embolization via PTSPC route, 2 of which simultaneously underwent portal vein stenting. This study included the patients with portal venous obstruction ( tumor embolus or thrombus) or the patients with serious liver atrophy caused by liver cirrhosis. The patients who had severe coagulation insufficiency (with prothrombin time ＞ 20 s) were excluded. Of the 30 patients, 17 had primary hepatocellular carcinoma with main portal venous tumor embolus, 13 had cirrhosis with severe liver atrophy and(or) slight or moderate ascite. Before this study, all of 30 patients had a history of variceal bleeding, and 16 patients had a normal coagulation level, 10 patients had a mildly prolonged prothrombin time (14-17 s), 4 patients had a moderately prolonged prothrombin time (18-20 s). All of 30 patients underwent upper abdomen CT enhanced scanning before this procedure, and the site, direction, and depth of splenic vein branch puncture were decided by CT images. The technology of PTSPC, procedure-related complications, and its clinical application were retrospectively analyzed. Results PTSPC was performed successfully in 28 of 30 patients. Two cases failed because of a small intrasplenic vein. Procedure-related complications occurred in 6 patients (20. 0% ), which had decrease of hemoglobin concentration ( 15-50 g/L). Four of them needed blood transfusion. In the six patients, one patient (3.3%) with abdominal cavity hemorrhage had a serious drop of blood pressure 2 hours after procedure, whose clinical symptoms were relieved after four units of packed RBC and a great quantity of fluid were transfused. Twenty-eight patients whose PTSPC were successfullyperformed underwent variceal embolization, 2 of them were placed with portal vein covered stents. During a median follow-up period of 6 months (range: one to forty-two months), 14 patients died of hepatocellular carcinoma 1 to 12 months after procedure, and 2 patients died of hepatic failure caused by liver cirrhosis at fourteen months and twenty-three months after procedure, respectively. Variceal rebleeding was observed in 4 patients, the cumulative rebleeding rate at 1 year was 14.3%. Conclusion PTSPC is a feasible procedure, which provides a useful route for endovascular treatment of portal vein. However, hemorrhage at the puncture site after procedure should be noticed.

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the most common malignant gastrointestinal tumor.Early screening and intervention are effective measures to reduce its morbidity and mortality.Compared with colonoscopy,non-invasive liquid biopsy has several advantages,such as easier operation,lower cost,fewer complications,and higher compliance,bringing better social benefits.It is the current research hotspot and breakthrough point in colorectal cancer screening technology.Recently,with the development of multi-omics research technology,fecal and peripheral blood genomic,proteomic and microbiomic tests have been proven to be potentially applied in colorectal cancer screening.Several biomarkers for colorectal cancer screening have been discovered,leading to numerous new non-invasive screening methods.In this review,we consolidate the existing techniques for non-invasive early diagnosis of colorectal cancer in combination with national and inter-national literature reports,and discuss their application value to provide a theoretical basis for further research on early colorectal cancer screening.