BACKGROUND:Elderly patients are more prone to unstable and osteoporotic fractures. In the clinical surgical treatment, different programs can be taken. Internal fixation was done previously. However, the precise choice of the methods of unstable and osteoporotic femoral fractures in the elderly was stil controversial.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effect of carbon-coated artificial femoral head replacement in the treatment of elderly patients with unstable and osteoporotic femoral fractures.
METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed in the Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University from February 2013 to February 2014 in 83 cases of unstable and osteoporotic femoral fractures. These patients were divided into control group (42 cases) and observation group (41 cases) according to treatment methods. Conventional internal fixation and artificial femoral head replacement were conducted. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative bed time and hospital stay were observed in the two groups. Patients were fol owed up for 12 months. Recovery of hip function and complications were observed and compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No significant difference in operation time and intraoperative blood loss was detected between the observation group and the control group (P>0.05). Postoperative bed time and hospital stay were significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The excel ent and good rate of hip joint function was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group, but the complication rate was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). These findings suggest that carbon-coated artificial femoral head replacement for unstable and osteoporotic femoral fractures in the elderly obtained good repair effects, had smal injury to the patient and less complications. Moreover, it can better improve hip function.

Objective To study the mechanism of GuiJi cream in dispelling effects on corrupt microorganism.Methods A total of 90 full-layer skin injured rats were served as test model. The effects of Guiji cream on collagen type Ⅰ (C Ⅰ), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and MMP-3 in granulation tissue of wound were observed with immunohistochemistry technique and image-analysis system at various stages of healing. Results The expression of C Ⅰ was obviously increased and the level of MMP-1 and MMP-3 increased at the early stage and kept at a high level from day 3 to day 10. Conclusion The mechanism of GuiJi cream for dispelling effects on corrupt microorganism was increasing the C Ⅰ content in granulation tissue of wound through inhibiting the secretion of MMP- 1.

Objective To explore the ideal choice of feeding artery which is used for regional arterial infusion (RAI) in severe acute pancreatitis. Methods Forty-five patients with SAP were treated with RAI. The ideal feeding artery was that can supply entire pancreas according to arteriography and can maximize concentration of drug at pancreatic tissue. The pancreatic arteriography was considered as the final objective evidence for choice. Results (1)Gastroduodenal artery was chosen as feeding artery in forty-four cases, and superior mesenterlc artery was chosen in only one case because of vascular abnormity. (2)According to splenic arteriography, blood of splenic artery was supplied to spleen chiefly, and only partial tail of pancreas was applied by splenic artery. (3)According to celiac trunk arteriography, blood of celiac trunk could be supplied to entire pancreas, but a considerable proportion of the total blood was supplied to spleen through splenic artery and liver through hepatic artery proper.Therefore, the drug utilization index was lower. (4)According to gastroduodenal arteriography, blood of gastroduodenal artery could be supplied to entire pancrea, and almost all of the blood that contains drug flowed into pancreas. Therefore, the drug utilization index was higher. Conclusions Gastroduodenal artery is the ideal choice of artery which is used for regional intra-arterial infusion in sever acute pancreatitis. Pancreatic arteriography should be applied routinely when yever acute pancreatitis was treated with RAI.

Objective To investigate the effects on myocardial mitochondria-related indexes in rats after rapid elevation to 3 400 m altitude and myocardial protection effects with metoprolol.Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups with 12 rats in each group as follows,group A(normal group,55 m above sea level),group B(hypoxia group, 3 400 m above sea level),group C(metoprolol group,3 400 m above sea level).Heart rate and blood pressure were measured during the rapid transfer from the plain(Shanghai 55 m)to plateau of 3 400 m.Then,the rats were anesthetized with chloral hydrate.The blood was collected from the abdominal aorta and blood gas indexes were measured.The heart tissue was homog-enized.The oxidativee stress related parameters,such as superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)and nitric ox-ide(NO)were assayed.The mitochondrial function related parameters,such as complexes-Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,succinate dehydro-genase(SDH),malate dehydrogenase(MDH)and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)were measured.Results After the rats were exposed to high altitude,the blood oxygen tension and oxygen saturation in the metoprolol group were increased in com-parison with the hypoxia group.Compared with the normal group,the content of MDA in the hypoxia group was increased sig-nificantly,while the content of SOD and NO were decreased significantly(P<0.01),the mitochondrial complex Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲand Ⅳ were also decreased 44.49%,32.38%,34.43% and 20.16%.Compared with hypoxia group,the MDA was decreased by 13.72%,while SOD and NO were increased by 25.73% and 168.55%,the activity of mitochondrial complexes were also increased by 44.92%,33.73%,37.11% and 10.09% for metoprolol group.The respiratory chain SDH and MDH in hypoxic group were decreased by 29.51% and 42.79% and the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and T-ATPase were decreased by 20.24%,27.56% and 33.32% in comparison with the normal group.After intervention with metoprolol,SDH and MDH were increased by 47.36% and 88.57% separately,the activities of Na+-K+-ATPase,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and T-ATPase were also increased by 31.92%,26.95%,44.93% in comparison with hypoxia group.Those results indicated that metoprolol can increase ATPase activity.Conclusion Under the condition of acute hypoxia at 3 400 m above sea level,myocar-dial injury is related to the changes of oxidative stress and mitochondrial-related enzyme activity.Metoprolol helps to normalize the related indicators and provides the protection for myocardial injury caused by hypoxia.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of aminophylline on physiological and pathological changes in acute exposure to high altitude in rats. METHODS: A total of 21 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a plain group (altitude 55 m), a high altitude hypoxia group (altitude 4 300 m), and a high altitude hypoxia plus aminophylline group. After 5 days, blood from orbital venous was collected for analyzing biochemical parameters. Blood from abdominal aorta was collected for analyzing the parameters of blood gas. The tissues of brain, lung, and kidney were dissected for pathological observation. RESULTS: Compared with the plain group, the parameters of LDH, ALP, Urea and cCl? in the hypoxia group or the aminophylline treatment group were significantly increased (P<0.01), while the parameters of ALB, Cr, SatO₂, Hb, Hct, PaCO₂, PaO₂2, BB and BE were significantly reduced (P<0.01). Compared with the hypoxia group, the parameters of Cr, pH, Hct, cNa⁺, cCl⁻ in the aminophylline treatment group were significantly increased (P<0.01), while AST, ALT, ALB, PaCO₂ and cK⁺ were significantly decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Pathological results showed the brain, lung and liver tissues were obviously damaged in the hypoxia group compared with that in the plain group. These damages were significantly attenuated by aminophylline. CONCLUSION Aminophylline can improve blood gas and biochemical parameters in acute exposure to high altitude in rats. It can protect rat brain, lung and liver from the damage caused by acute high altitude, which may be related its effects on relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of inflammation.
Altitude ; Aminophylline ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Brain ; pathology ; Hypoxia ; blood ; physiopathology ; Liver ; pathology ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To investigate the effect of C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 13 protein(CTRP13)on the autophagy function of primary rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(rLSECs)induced by high glucose through AMP-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin complex(AMPK/mTOR)pathway.Methods After isolation,identification and culture,original rat liver sinusoid endothelial cells(rrLSECs)were divided into normal control(NC)group,high glucose(HG)group,HG +LV-CTRP13 group,HG+ lentiviral empty vector(LV-Con)group(HG+LV-Con).CTRP13 lentivirus over expression vector(LV-CTRP13)and lentivirus empty vector(LV-Con)were constructed and transfected into rrLSECs.According to the intervention methods of AMPK inhibitor Compound C,mTOR inhibitor Torin1 and autophagy inhibitor 3MA,the transfected cell were divided into normal control(NC)group,high glucose(HG)group,HG+LV-CTRP13 group,HG+lentiviral empty vector(LV-Con)group(HG+ LV-Con).qRT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of CTRP13,autophagy related protein Beclin1,human microtubule-associated protein light chain 3II(LC3II),human plasma membrane membrane vesicle association proteins(PLVAP)and p-AMPK and p-MTOR in rat rLSECs of each group.Results Compared with NC group,the number of autophagosome was decreased in HG and HG+LV-CTRP13 group(P＜0.05).Compared with HG group,the number of autophagosome bodies was increased in HG +LV-CTRP13 group(P＜0.05).The CTRP13 mRNA and protein expression was higher in NC and HG + LV-CTRP13 groups than in HG and HG + LV-Con groups(P＜0.05).In HG+LC-CTRP13 group,Beclin1,LC3II,p-AMPK,and AMPK mRNA,Beclin1,LC3II/LC3I protein expression were higher than HG and HG + LV-Con group(P＜0.05),PLVAP,p-mTOR,mTOR mRNA,and PLVAP protein expression were lower than HG and HG+LV-Con group(P＜0.05).Comparison with HG + LV-CTRP13,p-mTOR protein expression in HG+LV-CTRP13+Compound C group increased(P＜0.05),while expressions of CTRP13,Beclin1 and LC3II/LC3I protein decreased(P＜0.05);the protein expressions of p-AMPK,Beclin1 and LC3II/LC3I were increased in HG+LV+ CTRP13+Torin1 group(P＜0.05),while CTRP13 and p-mTOR protein expression was decreased(P＜0.05);protein expressions of p-AMPK,p-mTOR and LC3II/LC3I were higher in HG+LV-CTRP13 + 3MA group(P＜0.05),while LC3II/LC3I protein expression was lower(P＜0.05).Conclusion CTRP13 overexpression activates AMPK/mTOR-autophagy signaling pathway,which may play a protective role in the function of rLSECs anddelay liver sinusoid capillarization.