Objective To investigate the changes of estrogen receptor expression in mast cells of bronchial mucosa from female asthmatic patients.Methods 12 cases of female asthmatic patients and 9 cases of control female patients were enrolled in this study.The bronchial mucosa was obtained from the third grade bronchial by fiexible bronchofiberscope.Mast cells were marked by anti-mast cell tryptase monoclonal antibody,the expression of estrogen receptor(ER)were detected by anti-human estrogen receptor(ER)monoclonal antibodies.Results Mast cells and estrogen receptor positive cells of bronchial mucosa in female asthmatic patients were significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.01).Coincident with the known features of bronchial asthma,the cells positive for estrogen receptor were morphologically similar to the mast cells.The cells stained for estrogen receptors by dual immunostaining coincided exactly with cells labeled as mast cells.Conclusion The result suggested the estrogen may be involved in the pathogenesis of female asthmatic patient through the changes of estrogen receptor expression in mast cells of bronchial mucosa.

Objective:To investigate the effect of chemotherapy combined with sorafenib on the prognosis of FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD)-positive acute myeloid leukemia and to find a more effective treatment.Methods:The clinical data of 60 patients who were newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia and who received treatment in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University from January 2015 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups according to whether they were positive for FLT3-ITD and the treatment method they used. The observation group (FLT3-ITD-positive, n = 19) were treated with sorafenib based on routine chemotherapy. The control group 1 (FLT3-ITD-positive, n = 21) was treated only with routine chemotherapy. The control group 2 (FLT3-ITD-negative, n = 20) was treated only with routine chemotherapy. After the first and fourth courses of treatment, clinical efficacy was compared among the three groups. Results:After the first course of treatment, the complete remission rate in control group 2 was 50.0% (10/20), which was significantly higher than 15.8% (3/19) in the observation group and 4.8% (1/21) in the control group 1 ( H = 13.39, P < 0.05). After the fourth course of treatment, the complete remission rate in the observation group, control group 2, and control group 1 was 63.2% (12/19), 60.0% (12/20), and 4.8% (1/21), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( H = 19.21, P < 0.05). Four-year follow-up results showed that the median survival time in the observation group, control group 1, and control group 2 was 36.63, 24.15, and 45.00 months respectively. The event-free survival in the observation group, control group 1, and control group 2 was 18.00, 9.82, and 24.90 months, respectively. The median survival time and the event-free survival in the control group 2 were significantly longer than those in the observation group and control group 1 ( χ2 = 19.93, 23.04, both P < 0.001). Conclusion:Chemotherapy combined with sorafenib for treating newly-diagnosed FLT3-ITD-positive acute myeloid leukemia can provide comprehensive benefits and have advantages for survival over chemotherapy without sorafenib and chemotherapy alone.