Objective To observe the biological characteristics of db/db mice, and to provide the basis for application of db/db mice in experimental research.Methods Spontaneous type 2 diabetes BKS.Cg-Dock7m +/+ Leprdb/JNju mice and wild type mice of the same age were used in this study.Their fasting blood glucose was determined at 8,12,16, 20 and 24 weeks of age, the body weight was recorded at 10, 12,16, 20 and 24 weeks of age, the levels of serum insulin, total cholesterol and triglyceride were measured, the organ weight and liver coefficient were determined, and the liver and pancreas were taken for pathological examination at 24 weeks of age.Results The db/db mice maintained a high level of fasting blood glucose and body weight.Levels of serum insulin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly higher than the wild type mice.Compared with wild type mice, liver weight and kidney weight were also significantly increased.Obvious pathological changes of liver and pancreas were observed in 24-week old db/db mice.Conclusions db/db mouse has obvious characteristics of type 2 diabetes, such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperinsulinemia, can maintain stable levels of high blood glucose,and is an ideal animal model for experimental study of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective:To explore the teaching effect of the combined use of curriculum ideological and political education and CDIO (connective, design, implement, operate) mode in the cultivation of stomatological top-notch innovative personnel.Methods:The research subjects were undergraduate students from School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, who participated in stomatological top-notch innovative personnel training program in 2018 and 2019. CDIO was applied to control group, the combined use of curriculum ideological and political education and CDIO mode was applied to experimental group. After the training, the students' research and innovation capacity was examined and the teaching efficiency of these two models was reflected by the students' questionnaire. SPSS 20.0 software was used for t test. Results:In terms of research and innovation capacity, students scored significantly better in professional English, concluding report, papers publishing, and field defense in experimental group than in control group [(22.43±0.61) vs. (18.49±0.77), (22.48±0.32) vs. (19.05±0.53), (23.69±0.33) vs. (21.89±0.52), and (22.78±0.48) vs. (20.43±0.56), respectively, P<0.05]. The students in experimental group highly agreed with the teaching efficiency of the combined use of curriculum ideological and political education and CDIO mode. Conclusion:The combined use of curriculum ideological and political education and CDIO mode could enhance subjective initiative, sense of identity, sense of pride, sense of belonging, cultivation of multi-dimensional ability, thus helping to form a novel system of stomatological top-notch innovative personnel training.

To unravel the genetic mechanisms of disease and physiological traits, it requires comprehensive sequencing analysis of large sample size in Chinese populations. Here, we report the primary results of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Precision Medicine Initiative (CASPMI) project launched by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, including the de novo assembly of a northern Han reference genome (NH1.0) and whole genome analyses of 597 healthy people coming from most areas in China. Given the two existing reference genomes for Han Chinese (YH and HX1) were both from the south, we constructed NH1.0, a new reference genome from a northern individual, by combining the sequencing strategies of PacBio, 10× Genomics, and Bionano mapping. Using this integrated approach, we obtained an N50 scaffold size of 46.63 Mb for the NH1.0 genome and performed a comparative genome analysis of NH1.0 with YH and HX1. In order to generate a genomic variation map of Chinese populations, we performed the whole-genome sequencing of 597 participants and identified 24.85 million (M) single nucleotide variants (SNVs), 3.85 M small indels, and 106,382 structural variations. In the association analysis with collected phenotypes, we found that the T allele of rs1549293 in KAT8 significantly correlated with the waist circumference in northern Han males. Moreover, significant genetic diversity in MTHFR, TCN2, FADS1, and FADS2, which associate with circulating folate, vitamin B12, or lipid metabolism, was observed between northerners and southerners. Especially, for the homocysteine-increasing allele of rs1801133 (MTHFR 677T), we hypothesize that there exists a "comfort" zone for a high frequency of 677T between latitudes of 35-45 degree North. Taken together, our results provide a high-quality northern Han reference genome and novel population-specific data sets of genetic variants for use in the personalized and precision medicine.