[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the pathogenesis of prostate cancer by analyzing the associated hub gene modules of prostate cancer and identifying key transcription factors and genes that affect these modules. Methods: WGCNA (weighted gene co-expressed network analysis) was used to identify hub gene modules associated with important clinicopathological features of prostate cancer, such as pathological staging, Gleason grading etc. The OPOSSUM online tool was used to analyze the transcription factors enriching and regulating those genes. Pathway enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network analysis were used to identify key genes in prostate cancer. Finally, the effects of these genes on clinical features and disease-free survival (DFS) of prostate cancer patients were analyzed. Results: Three hub modules were identified, and they were highly associated with pathologic T stage, pathologic N stage and Gleason grading of prostate cancer, respectively. Further screening revealed 13 key dysregulated transcription factors that participated in the regulation of these three hub modules. The differentially expressed genes regulated by the 13 key transcription factors were significantly enriched in Calcium signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway and cAMP signaling pathway. 14 key genes (PRKG1, PRKG2, CYSLTR2, GRPR, CHRM3, ADCY5, ADRA1D, EDNRA, EDNRB, CYSLTR2, AGTR1, GRPR, GRIA1 and OXT) were at important nodes in the gene network. Among them, the high expression of ADRA1A, PRKG2, CHRM3, ADRA1D and EDN3 significantly extended the DFS of patients with prostate cancer (all P<0.01). Conclusion: ADRA1A, PRKG2, CHRM3, ADRA1D and EDN3 are regulated by key dysregulated transcription factors and highly associated with clinical features of prostate cancer. Their high expressions will significantly prolong the DFS of prostate cancer patients, which may shed light to the discovery of mechanism in prostate adenocarcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the influencing factors and early recovery quality in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumor resection by the quality of recovery-40 questionnaire (QoR-40 questionnaire). Methods One hundred and forty- two elderly patients who had underwent gastrointestinal tumor resection from February to June 2017 were selected. The patients were over 65 years old. Their body mass index was (22.98 ± 3.20) kg/m2, and American Society of Anesthesilogists (ASA) wasⅡorⅢgrade. The patients were assessed with QoR-40 questionnaire on the first and second day after operation, and the factors affecting the total score of QoR-40 questionnaire on the first and second day after operation were analyzed. Results Compared with those on the first day after operation, the scores of emotional status, physical comfort, psychological support, physical independence, pain and total score of QoR-40 questionnaire on the second day after operation were significantly higher: 42 (39, 43) scores vs. 40 (38, 42) scores, 53 (52, 54) scores vs. 52 (50, 53) scores, 35 (35, 35) scores vs. 35 (34, 35) scores, 15 (13, 15) scores vs. 14 (12, 15) scores, 34 (33, 35) scores vs. 33 (32, 34) scores and 178 (173, 182) scores vs. 174 (169, 177) scores, and there were statistical differences (P<0.01). On the first day after operation, the total score of the QoR-40 questionnaire was related with the type of operation (P<0.05), and it was not related with age, sex and anesthesia (P>0.05);on the second day after operation, the total score of QoR-40 questionnaire was related with age and operation type (P<0.05), and it was not related with sex and anesthesia (P > 0.05). Conclusions The early postoperative period score of QoR-40 questionnaire in patients with colorectal tumor resection and age less than 70 years old is higher, and the recovery quality after operation is relatively good, suggesting that the operation type and age may be an important factor affecting the early recovery quality of the elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumor resection.

Objective:To ascertain whether the immune complexes (ICs) formed by Dengue virus 1 non-structure protein 1 (DENV1 NS1)and its IgG antibodies could mediate passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA) and to explain the pathogenesis of Dengue hemorrhagic fever or Dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS).Methods:The monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or mAb cocktails from 20 IgG mAbs of DENV1 NS1 prepared in this lab were screened to initiate PSA and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in mice.Meanwhile, the effects of GdCl3 and platelet activating factor ( PAF) antagonist CV-3988 on PSA induced by the NS1-IgG ICs were observed.Results:Two groups of monoclonal antibody cocktails with purified NS 1 were proved to be capable of provoking PCA and PSA in mice,whereas the other mAbs or mAb cocktails could be not .The murine PSA initiated by NS1-IgG(5D25+3B1) ICs could be sig-nificantly inhibited by in vivo treatment with GdCl3 or PAF antagonist CV-3988.Conclusion: The NS1-IgG ICs formed with DENV1 NS1 and IgG mAb cocktails can mediate PSA and PCA ,but not all of ICs formed by DENV 1 NS1 mAbs or mAb cocktails with DENV 1 NS1 can induce PSA ,indicating that it may be related to the special epitopes of DENV 1 NS1.The monocyte/macrophages and PAF may be as major effector cells and the major mediator for PSA induced by NS 1-IgG ICs,respectively.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the conscious analgesia/sedation scheme with remifentanil and propofol on the elderly patients under gastroenterological endoscopic procedure. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on 3 500 cases with remifentanil and small?dose propofol under gastroenterological endoscopic procedures, and the procedure achievement, effects of the narcotic, adverse reactions and satisfactory results were summarized. Results All procedures were completed successfully. The ratio of the patients whose intended sedation depth arrived at referential induction was up to 91?3%(3 196/3 500).Hemodynamic change was slight and almost all patients could open eyes in no time, with short hospital stay. No serious adverse effects were observed except several patients complaining about mild bucking, abdominal distension and stomachache. The degree of patients′ satisfaction was high. Conclusion The conscious analgesia/sedation scheme with remifentanil and propofol can be effectively and safely used on gastroenterological endoscopic procedure among the elderly, but precise monitor and timely treatment of complications are still needed.

Objective To analyze the laboratory index characteristics of pulmonary hypertention (PH ) patients with different function states and pressure stages .Methods 2 752 patients diagnosed with PH in the outpatient department ,emergency depart-ment and inpatient department of this hospital from January 2006 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed .The clinical as-sessment of the disease condition was done according to the function state and pressure stage of PH recommended by WHO .The characteristics of hematological indexes ,inflammatory indicators and blood gas analysis were observed as well .Results The most common hematological abnormal indexes were the serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) elevation(89 .12% ) ,abnormal liver func-tion(58 .32% ) and abnormal hemoglobin(58 .32% ) .The proportion of the PH patients with the elevation of erythrocyte sedimenta-tion rate(ESR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were 78 .52% and 73 .59% respectively .The constituent ratio of the BNP increase ,liver function abnormality ,abnormal hemoglobin ,elevation of UA and ESR had statistical differences among the PH patients with different function states and pressure stages (P<0 .05) .The most commonly blood gas analysis abnormality was hypoxemia(83 .08% ) .Respiratory alkalosis had the highest incidence rate in the acid-base imbalance(24 .58% ) .Conclusion The most common hematological abnormal indexes among PH patients are the elevation of serum BNP ,abnormal liver function and he-moglobin abnormality .The laboratory abnormal indexes of above 3 items and the increase of UA and ESR are always related with the severity of disease ,which should to be followed-up .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the appearance and moisture, ash content, extract, volatile oil of Panax ginseng and its processed products from different producing areas of northeast China, and thus provide the useful reference data for its quality standard establishment and standardized cultivation.

METHODBase on the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and literatures relating to P. ginseng, the content of moisture, ash, extract, volatile oil in P. ginseng and its processed products from northeast 10 different producing areas were measured, and data analysis of these various indicators was carried out by DTOPSIS.

RESULTThe samples from Changbai, Jian Kangmei and Fusong reached the standard of Chinese pharmacopoeia and national standard, and in addition comprehensive evaluation indicators of them were higher than others samples.

CONCLUSIONThe quality of ginseng from different producing areas appears very different. Some samples failed to reach the standard of Chinese pharmacopoeia and national standard. Ginseng samples from those 3 producing areas of GAP planting bases showed good quality, which reflects the importance of GAP for ginseng cultivation.

China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; Panax ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development

Because of the unique nature and treatment concept of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), TCMs have been respected again since 70s of last century. The regulatory agencies of some developed countries (the FDA, EMA and Health Canada etc) have published new guidance/guidelines/directives in recent years, such as the botanical drug product guidance of the FDA, the evidence for quality of finished natural health products guidance of the Health Canada and the guideline on quality of herbal medicinal products/ traditional herbal medicinal products of the EMA etc. All of the regulatory agencies are willing to scientifically evaluate the herbal medicines and accept it as therapeutic product. This paper analyzed the history of herbal medicine regulation and the similarities and differences of the regulatory requirements of the European Union, the United States and Canada, proposed possible future direction of the international development of Chinese medicine from the perspective of global regulatory affairs.
Canada ; Drug and Narcotic Control ; history ; organization & administration ; European Union ; organization & administration ; Herbal Medicine ; history ; legislation & jurisprudence ; organization & administration ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; United States

OBJECTIVETo investigate the quality of Schisandra chinensis, and thus provide the useful reference data for its quality standard establishment and standardized cultivation.

METHODBase on the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and literature relating to S. chinensis, the appearance, water-soluble extractive, total ash, acid-insoluble ash and volatile oil of 10 S. chinensis sampes collected from different producing sites in northeast China were studied or determined, and the contents of major active lingans were measured by HPLC.

RESULTThe content of total ash and acid-insoluble ash in S. chinensis was less than 7.0%, 1.0%, respectively. The contents of water-soluble extractive were higher than 45.0%. HPLC analyses showed that the content of schisandrol A was higher than 0.40%. All these results in accordance with the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia were published in 2010.

CONCLUSIONThe differences of the appearance and the internal quality are different for the samples collected from different areas. And the establishment of a scientific and comprehensive quality standard system will be very important role in ensuring the quality of S. chinensis.

China ; Cyclooctanes ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; standards ; Lignans ; analysis ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; Quality Control ; Schisandra ; chemistry ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo study the chromatographic fingerprint of the fruits of Schisandra chinensis, and identify the peaks.

METHODAnalysis was performed at 30 degrees C on a Waters Symmetry C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), eluted with acetonitrile-water gradient elution. The flow-rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1), and detection wavelength was 218 nm. The peaks in the chromatogram were identified by LC-MS.

RESULTThe fingerprint of the fruits of S. chinensis was established, and fifteen peaks of lignans were identified.

CONCLUSIONThe method was easy, reliable and could be used as a powerful tool for the further quality control of S. chinensis.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Lignans ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Schisandra ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo determine the residues of organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals in Radix Ophiopogonis and Ophiopogon japonicus.

METHODThe residues of 4 isomers of benzene hexa chloride (BHC) and 4 isomers of dichloro dipheny trichloroethane (DDT) were determined by gas chromatography. The contents of Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg and As were determined by ICP.

RESULTThe residues of organochlorine pesticides in Radix Ophiopogonis were lower than the permissible maximum limits of the Chinese national standard except hexachloride (BHC) in Radix Ophiopogonis from Cixi as well as Cu in soil of Luojiang.

CONCLUSIONThe enrichment capacity of Radix Ophiopogonis for (BHC) and Hg is higher. It is suggested that we should try to select herbs-growing soil for O. japonicus with a particular emphasis on the pesticides residues in soil.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; analysis ; Metals, Heavy ; analysis ; Ophiopogon ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Pesticide Residues ; analysis ; Pesticides ; analysis ; Soil Pollutants ; analysis