To study the relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) gene polymorphism and angiotensin converting enzyme activity,the polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to detect an insertion/deletion(I/D) polymorphism of ACE gene in its sixteenth intron.The genotype,enzyme coupling spectrophotometry were used to measure serum ACE activity among the three genotypes.Results showed that the Serum ACE activities were (337 6?92 0),(292 7?76 5 )and(243 5?58 9)u/L for genotypes DD,ID and ⅠⅠ respectively.The findings indicate that the ACE gene polymorphism closely associated with serum ACE activity.

The old clinical teaching pattern seems less complied to the current condition,due to its specific features problems in the clinical teaching of gynecology seem more significant.Therefore,it is of great importance to apply advanced technology to improve teaching methods,stress medical ethics education,and safeguard the patients′ legal rights of informed consent and privacy.

Objective To study the stability of the toxicity,antigenicity and immunogenicity of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A/C[CMCC(B)29201/29205],and to analyze the quality of the capsular polysaecharide extracted from Neisseria meningitidis.Methods The toxicity of the 3rd,5th,10th,15th,20th,25th and 30th passage of the Neisseria meningitidis was assayed in mice,and the antigenicity of each passage was measured by the tube agglutination test(TAT)and ELISA.The effect of individual 30 passages of Neisseria nveningitidis on the brain tissue and the immunogenicity of each passage were tested in mice,and the capsular polysaccharide was purified and analyzed.Resuits The LD50 of the strains CMCC(B)29201/29205 of each passage was low(≥109/ml),and all the 30 passages of the two strains had no effect on the brain tissue of the mice.The titer of each passage was 1∶320 in TAT and more than 1∶3752 in ELISA.After immunization with individual 30 passages of the Neisseria meningitidis the titers in serum bactericidal assay (SBA)were all more than 1∶32.The capsular polysaccharide purified from Neisseria meningitidis met the quality standard of the requirement.Conclusion The strains of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A/C used in the manufacture of the meningococcal conjugate vaccine,are stable in the toxicity,antigenicity and immunogenicity.And the capsular polysaccharide has met the quality standard.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of blood routine and inflammatory factors in children with acute fever.Methods 137 children of acute fever were divided into infection group(including bacterial infection and non bacterial infection) and non infection group.And 50 healthy children(control group) were collected.Results were compared with blood routineand inflammatory factor.Results White blood cell(WBC),platelet(PLT) and neutrophil percentage(N％) were significantly increased in the bacterial infection group(P＜0.05),and there was significant difference between the control group,the non-infection group and the non-bacterial infection group(P＜0.05),and the percentage of PLT and N％ was statistically significant(P＜0.05) compared with non-infected group.The levels of interleukin(IL)-2 in the bacterial infection group were significantly lower than those in the nonbacterial infection group,the non-infection group and the control group(P＜0.05).The levels of IL-6,IL-10 and TNF-α in bacterial infection group were significantly higher than those in control group and non-infected group(P＜0.05).Misdiagnosis rate of inflammatory factors is the highest (18.25 ％),followed by blood 14.60％,and blood combined with inflammatory factors is the lowest (8.76 ％).Conclusion Blood combined with inflammatory factors can effectively reduce the misdiagnosis rate,the children with the blood unclear caused of should be combined with inflammatory factors detection in order to further clarify the cause and early treatment.

Objective:To compare the clinical features, laboratory test results and imaging findings between cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae ( Mp) infection complicated by coagulation dysfunction and isolated Mp infection, and analyze the predictive value of related indicators for Mp infection with coagulation dysfunction. Methods:A total of 65 cases of Mp infection complicated by coagulation dysfunction (case group) and 92 cases of isolated Mp infection (control group) treated in the Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics in 2021 were enrolled. Clinical data of the two groups were compared, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to analyze the predictive value of differential indicators to the case group. Results:There were no significant differences in the general clinical features or imaging findings between the case group and the control group. The levels of fibrinogen (FIB), D-Dimer, fibrinogen degradation product (FDP), IgE, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and C-reactive protein (CRP), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), blood platelet count (PLT), neutrophil count, length of hospital stay, peak body temperature, and duration of cough and fever in the case group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The areas under ROC curves of LDH, CRP, peak body temperature, ADA, ALT, neutrophil count, AST and IgE for predicting Mp infection complicated by coagulation dysfunction were 0.855, 0.810, 0.730, 0.716, 0.692, 0.648, 0.631 and 0.603, respectively. The area under ROC curve of LDH, CRP and peak body temperature used in combination was 0.901. Conclusions:LDH, CRP, peak body temperature, ADA, ALT, neutrophil count, AST and IgE had predictive value for Mp infection complicated by coagulation dysfunction, among which LDH, CRP and peak body temperature had higher predictive value. LDH, CRP and peak body temperature used in combination had the highest diagnostic value (AUC=0.901).

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a domestic arterial thrombus aspiration catheter in treating acute arterial ischemic events in the experimental dogs,and to compare this catheter with Penumbra suction catheter.Methods Acute ischemic embolism model was established in the external carotid and renal arteries of experimental dogs,and the experimental dogs were randomly assigned to the study group and control group.The embolized blood vessels were treated with thrombectomy.Results A total of 12 experimental dogs were enrolled in this study,with 6 dogs in each group.All of the 12 experimental dogs were successfully modeled.In the study group and the control group,the cumulative success rates of thrombectomy were 92.9％and 66.7％respectively(P＞0.05),the incidences of intraoperative vascular dissection were 0％and 8.3％respectively(P＞0.05),and the incidences of vasospasm were 35.7％and 0.75％respectively(P＞0.05).Conclusion In treating thrombus-embolized blood vessels with mechanical thrombectomy in experimental dogs,no statistically significant differences in the efficacy and safety exist between using domestic arterial thrombus aspiration catheter and using Penumbra suction catheter.(J Intervent Radiol,2023,32:1207-1210)

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of haplo-identical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) conditioning with the same dosage form of antithymoglobulin (ATG) in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) failure to ATG.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 65 patients with SAA who failed ATG treatment and received haplo-HSCT conditioning with the same dosage of ATG at the Institute of Hematology, Peking University People′s Hospital between July 2008 and October 2020 were included as the ATG treatment failure group. An additional 65 SAA patients who applied ATG for the first time during haplo-HSCT were randomly selected by stratified sampling as the first-line haplo-HSCT group. Baseline clinical data and follow-up data of the two groups were collected. Conditioning-related toxicity within 10 days after ATG application and long-term prognosis were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier was used to calculate the overall survival rate, and the Log-rank test was applied to compare the rates of the two groups.Results:In the ATG treatment failure group, there were 36 males and 29 females, and the age at the time of transplantation [ M ( Q1, Q3)] was 16 (8, 25) years. In the first-line haplo-HSCT group, there were 35 males and 30 females, with a median age of 17 (7, 26) years. Within 10 days of ATG application, the incidence of noninfectious fever, noninfectious diarrhea, and liver injury in the ATG treatment failure group was 78% (51 cases), 45% (29 cases), and 28% (18 cases), respectively, and in the first-line haplo-HSCT group was 74% (48 cases), 54% (35 cases), and 25% (16 cases), respectively; the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant for any of these three parameters (all P>0.05). For graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), there was no significant difference between the ATG treatment failure group and the first-line haplo-HSCT group in the development of 100 day Ⅱ to Ⅳ acute GVHD (29.51%±0.35% vs. 25.42%±0.33%), Ⅲ to Ⅳ acute GVHD (6.56%±0.10% vs. 6.78%±0.11%), and 3-year chronic GVHD (26.73%±0.36% vs. 21.15%±0.30%) (all P>0.05). Three-year overall survival (79.6%±5.1% vs. 84.6%±4.5%) and 3-year failure-free survival (79.6%±5.1% vs. 81.5%±4.8%) were also comparable between these two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with no exposure to ATG before HSCT, similar early adverse effects and comparable survival outcomes were achieved in patients with SAA who failed previous ATG treatment and received haplo-HSCT conditioning with the same dosage form of ATG. This might indicate that previous failure of ATG treatment does not significantly impact the efficacy and safety of salvaging haplo-HSCT in patients with SAA.

Background The benchmark dose (BMD) method calculates the dose associated with a specific change in response based on a specific dose-response relationship. Compared with the traditional no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) method, the BMD method has many advantages, and the 95% lower confidence limit of benchmark dose lower limit (BMDL) is recommended to replace NOAEL in deriving biological exposure limits. No authority has yet published any health-based guideline for rare earth elements. Objective To evaluate genotoxicity threshold induced by acute exposure to neodymium nitrate in mice using BMD modeling through micronucleus test and comet assay. Methods SPF grade mice (n=90) were randomly divided into nine groups, including seven neodymium nitrate exposure groups, one control group (distilled water), and one positive control group (200 mg·kg⁻¹ ethyl methanesulfonate), 10 mice in each group, half male and half female. The seven dose groups were fed by gavage with different concentrations of neodymium nitrate solution (male: 14, 27, 39, 55, 77, 109, and 219 mg·kg⁻¹; female: 24, 49, 69, 97, 138, 195, and 389 mg·kg⁻¹) twice at an interval of 21 h. Three hours after the last exposure, the animals were neutralized by cervical dislocation. The bone marrow of mice femur was taken to calculate the micronucleus rate of bone marrow cells, and the liver and stomach were taken for comet test. Results The best fitting models for the increase of polychromatophil micronucleus rate in bone marrow of female and male mice induced by neodymium nitrate were the exponential 4 model and the hill model, respectively. The BMD and the BMDL of female mice were calculated to be 31.37 mg·kg⁻¹ and 21.90 mg·kg⁻¹, and those of male mice were calculated to be 58.62 mg·kg⁻¹ and 54.31 mg·kg⁻¹, respectively. The best fitting models for DNA damage induced by neodymium nitrate in female and male mouse hepatocytes were the exponential 5 model and the exponential 4 model, respectively, and the calculated BMD and BMDL were 27.15 mg·kg⁻¹ and 11.99 mg·kg⁻¹ for female mice, and 16.28 mg·kg⁻¹ and 10.47 mg·kg⁻¹ for male mice, respectively. The hill model was the best fitting model for DNA damage of gastric adenocytes in both female and male mice, and the calculated BMD and BMDL were 36.73 mg·kg⁻¹ and 19.92 mg·kg⁻¹ for female mice, and 24.74 mg·kg⁻¹ and 14.08 mg·kg⁻¹ for male mice, respectively. Conclusion Taken the micronucleus rate of bone marrow cells, DNA damage of liver cells and gastric gland cells as the end points of genotoxicity, the BMDL of neodymium nitrate is 10.47 mg·kg⁻¹, which can be used as the threshold of genotoxic effects induced by acute exposure to neodymium nitrate in mice.

AIM:To explore the fundus vascular characteristics of healthy individuals based on deep learning techniques, with a view to discovering the range of normal values of the fundus arteries and veins, as well as the relationship between physiological factors, such as gender, age, body mass index(BMI), blood pressure, and fundus vasculature characteristics.METHODS:Fundus images of healthy people were taken from a professional fundus camera, and the subject's blood pressure and laboratory test was collected. Additionally, the fundus arteries and veins were segmented by the improved U-Net model, and the color, morphology and Haralick texture features of the vessels were extracted from computer vision technology.RESULTS:A total of 4 487 cases fundus images were taken and 326 cases with healthy and clear fundus images were screened, including 200 males and 126 females. There were differences in the morphology, color, and textural characteristics of the left and right eyes, as well as of the fundus arterioles and veins, with a mean vessel width(width)of 1.146 in the arteries and 1.430 in the veins, and an arteriovenous ratio about 4:5. Fundus artery and vein characteristics in healthy individuals of different ages(21-30, 31-40, 41-50): compared with the healthy population aged 21-30 and 31-40 years, arterial and venous inverse difference moment(idm), f12 and venous angular second moment(asm)values increased, and arterial and venous contrast(con), entropy(ent), difference entropy(den), and venous sum entropy(sen)values decreased in 41-50 years. Compared with the 21-30 years age group, arterial f12 values increased and venous con values decreased in 31-40 years(all P<0.05). Fundus vascular characteristics of healthy individuals of different sexes: compared with male, fundus arterial and venous sum average(sav), sum variance(sva)values, arterial curved values, and venous b mean, bsd, variance(var), sen, ent values increased in female, while venous area value of female decreased(all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in fundus arteriosus and venous features in healthy subjects with different levels of BMI(all P>0.05). Fundus characteristics of healthy people with different degrees of blood pressure: there were statistically significant differences in fundus arteriosus area, width, and venous con, idm, dva, and den values between the normal blood pressure and high blood pressure groups(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The characteristics of the left and right eyes as well as the fundus arteries and veins differ in healthy individuals and correlate with physiological factors such as gender, age and blood pressure, which have the value of a potential microcirculation marker.

Background The respiratory toxicity of inhaled polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) has been extensively studied since the humidifier disinfectant incident. However, the impacts of inhalation of PHMG on the immune system are not comprehensively studied yet. Objective To explore the effects of inhalation of PHMG disinfectant aerosol on major immune organs and immune cells in mice. Methods Thirty male C57BL/6J mice (6-8 weeks old) were randomly divided into three groups: control, low-dose (0.1 mg·m⁻³ PHMG), and high-dose (1.0 mg·m⁻³ PHMG), with ten mice in each group. The mice were administered by oral-nasal inhalation of PHMG aerosol for 4 h per day, 5 d per week for 4 weeks consecutively. After designed treatment, venous blood was collected from the inner canthus of the eyes of mice and peripheral hematological indicators were measured with a blood analyzer. Then the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the lung, thymus, spleen, and femur were isolated. Lung, thymus, and spleen were weighed and organ coefficients were calculated, and single cell suspensions of thymus, spleen, and bone marrow were prepared to analyze lymphocytes phenotypes and proportions by flow cytometry. Results The body weight of mice in the high-dose group was lower than that of mice in the control group (P<0.01) from the 7th day of inhalation, and decreased by 15.74% compared with that of mice in the control group at the end of inhalation (P<0.01). The lung coefficients of both the low-dose and high-dose groups were higher than that of the control group (P<0.01), the thymus coefficient of mice in the high-dose group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), but the spleen coefficient did not change significantly (P>0.05). Leukocyte count [(1.49±0.22)×10⁹·L⁻¹], lymphocyte count [(0.96±0.36)×10⁹·L⁻¹] and its proportion [(63.13±14.96)%] in the peripheral blood of mice in the high-dose group were lower than those in the control group [(2.69±0.25)×10⁹·L⁻¹, (2.33±0.28)×10⁹·L⁻¹, and (86.23±3.40)%, respectively] (P<0.01), whereas red blood cell count [(12.32±0.46)×10¹²·L⁻¹], hemoglobin count [(175.25±4.65) g·L⁻¹], and hematocrit [(53.55±0.70)%] in the peripheral blood of mice in the high-dose group were higher than those in the control group [(11.11±0.37)×10¹²·L⁻¹, (160.67±4.04) g·L⁻¹, and (45.10±9.75)%, respectively] (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the proportion of CD4+ CD8+ double-positive T cells decreased (P<0.05), the proportions of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells increased (P<0.05), and the amounts of CD8+, CD4+ CD8+, CD4+, and CD4- CD8- cells decreased (P<0.05) in the thymus of mice of the high-dose group, the proportion of CD4+ T cells in the spleen of the high-dose group increased (P<0.05), the proportions and amounts of T cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells in the bone marrow of the high-dose group increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Inhalation of PHMG may cause thymic atrophy, disrupt T-lymphocyte development, and lead to an imbalance in the number of immune cells in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen, suggesting that inhalation of PHMG induces immune dysfunction.