Objective To investigate the frequencies of human leukocyte antigen ( HLA)-DRB1 alleles of Chinese Marrow Donor Program (CMDP) donors in seven markets of Jiangsu Han population. Methods 2787 donors from CMDP Jiangsu Branch were typed in HLA-DRB1 locus using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method or polymerase chain reaction-reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-rSSOP) method. Frequencies of HLA-DRB1 were separately calculated in seven markets and a comparison was made among them. Results A total of 38,33,26,36,37,31,26 alleles in DRB1 locus were separately found in Huai-an, Xuzhou, Taizhou, Suqian, Nanjing, Changzhou, Yangzhou population. The most frequent HLA-DRB1 alleles in Huai-an, Xuzhou, Suqian respectively were DRB1 * 07:01, 09:01, 15:01,12:02; In Nanjing and were DRB1 * 09:01,07:01, 15:01, 12:02; In Yangzhou were DRB1 * 09:01,07:01,15:01,08:03; In Taizhou were DRB1 *09:01, 07:01, 04:05, 15:01; In Changzhou were DRB1 *09:01,07:01, 12:02, 08:03. Conclusion The above results reflected the distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles in seven markets of Jiangsu Han population, which held abundant polymorphism, and a certain uniqueness in every market. The HLA-DRB1 allele distribution of Nanjing, Yangzhou were the closest groups to northern China, Huaian, Xuzhou, Suqian, Changzhou, Taizhou were close to northern China except DRB1 * 09:01,07:01 in different frequencies. These findings could guide the selection of future donor in CMDP Jiangsu Branch. It also could serve as foundation for HLA related disease research, studies of population genetics and anthropology in Chinese Han population.

Objective: To investigate the coverage of rotavirus vaccination among children under five years in Xiuzhou District of Jiaxing City, so as to provide insights into rotaviral diarrhea control. Methods: The rotavirus vaccination data of children aged two months to five years were extracted from the vaccination clinics of eight township hospitals and community health service centers through the Zhejiang vaccination information system. The coverage of rotavirus vaccination was analyzed among children with different genders, ages, types of vaccines and doses of vaccination. Results: Totally 32 752 children were included, and the coverage of rotavirus vaccination was 47.09%. The coverage of rotavirus vaccination was significantly higher in boys than in girls ( 47.65% vs. 46.46%, P<0.05 ), and a higher vaccination rate was seen in children with local household registration than in those without ( 56.76% vs. 38.75%, P<0.05 ). The vaccination rates of monovalent and pentavalent rotavirus vaccines were 36.90% and 10.18%, respectively. Totally 26 982 doses of rotavirus vaccines were vaccinated, with a mean dose of ( 0.84±1.02 ) per capita, and the vaccination rates of one, two and three doses were 20.75%, 17.37% and 8.96%, respectively. The median age was 6.00 months ( interquartile range, 3.00 months ) among children vaccinated with the first dose. Conclusions The coverage of rotavirus vaccination and full-dose vaccination are low among children under five in Xiuzhou District, with monovalent rotavirus vaccines predominant. Intensified rotavirus vaccination is therefore recommended.

Objective: To learn the knowledge,attitude and practice（KAP）of primary healthcare workers on influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine in Xiuzhou District of Jiaxing,and to provide basis for vaccination of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine. Methods: From November 2018 to January 2019,the primary healthcare workers from eight community health service centers in Xiuzhou District were selected by multi-staged random sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the KAP of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine among primary healthcare workers. Logistic regression analysis was employed to select the influencing factors for vaccination and recommendation behaviors of primary healthcare workers. Results: Totally 105 healthcare workers（95.45%）completed the survey. Among them,86（81.90%）and 76（72.38%）workers believed influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine effective;87（82.85%）and 88（83.81%）workers believed the two vaccines safe;82（78.10%）and 58（55.24%）workers knew the vaccination procedures;58（55.24%）and 34（32.38%）workers knew the key recommended population of vaccines;77（73.33%）workers knew that the vaccine costs could be paid by medical insurance. The vaccination rate of influenza or（and）pneumococcal vaccine among the respondents was 27.62%,and the recommendation rate was 46.67%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that healthcare workers who were female（OR=7.250,95%CI：1.388-37.883）,believed the two vaccines effective（OR=4.390,95%CI：1.167-16.515）,believed the two vaccines safe（OR=11.977,95%CI：2.417-59.343）and knew the payment method of vaccine cost（OR=11.945,95%CI：2.924-48.793）were more likely to vaccinate;healthcare workers who majored in public health（OR=2.641,95%CI：1.338-5.214）,believed the two vaccines effective（OR=6.944,95%CI：1.655-29.134）,knew the key recommended population of vaccines（OR=4.380,95%CI：1.125-17.053）,had vaccinated the two vaccines（OR=7.902,95%CI：1.693-36.877）were more likely to recommend. Conclusion Primary healthcare workers in Xiuzhou District have less awareness of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine,then have lower vaccination rate（27.62%）and recommendation rate（46.67%）.

Objective:To examine the relationship between sarcopenia and DNA methylation in the promoter of the growth differentiation factor 15(GDF15)gene in elderly individuals.Methods:This cross-sectional study collected data from 865 elderly individuals aged 65 years and above who underwent physical examination at the Yuetang Town Community Medical Center in Yangzhou City between May and September 2020.The verification set included 431 males and 434 females with an age range of 65-100 years and a mean age of(76.0±5.9)years.The diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on the consensus diagnostic criteria of the Asian Sarcopenia Working Group in 2019.The study included 295 cases in the non-sarcopenia group and 470 cases in the sarcopenia group.The study selected 50 non-sarcopenia patients and 50 age-gender matched sarcopenia patients as the explore set for DNA methylation sequencing of the GDF15 gene.The sequencing results were then verified using the methylation-specific polymerase chain(PCR)method in the verification center.Additionally, serum GDF15 levels were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosoradsorption method.The study analyzed the correlation between GDF15 methylation levels, serum GDF15 levels, and sarcopenia.Results:The study found that individuals with sarcopenia had lower levels of body mass index(BMI), appendicular skeletal muscle mass(ASMI), grip strength, and gait speed in both the discovery and validation sets compared to those without sarcopenia( P<0.05). Additionally, the DNA methylation of GDF15 was found to be lower in the sarcopenic group compared to the non-sarcopenic group[93.7%(79.6%, 98.0%) vs.97.7%(95.3%, 99.0%), Z=-9.294, P<0.01]. The results of the correlation analysis indicate a positive relationship between the methylation level and appendicular skeletal muscle mass( r=0.206, P<0.01), grip strength( r=0.297, P<0.01), and gait speed( r=0.383, P<0.01). Conversely, there was a negative correlation between the methylation level and serum GDF15 level( r=-0.249, P<0.05). The study conducted ROC analysis to determine the predictive ability of GDF15 methylation for sarcopenia found that the area under the curve was 0.700 with a cut-off score of 92.7%.Furthermore, binary regression analysis revealed that low GDF15 methylation( OR=1.136, 95% CI: 1.098~1.175, P<0.01)was linked to a higher risk of sarcopenia, even after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI.The serum GDF15 level was higher in the sarcopenic group compared to the non-sarcopenic group[(0.665±0.432)pg/L vs.(0.465±0.211)pg/L( t=-2.452, P<0.05)]. Additionally, it was observed that the methylation of GDF15 was negatively correlated with the serum GDF15 level( r=-0.249, P<0.05). Conclusions:A low level of GDF15 methylation has been found to be linked with a higher risk of sarcopenia, suggesting that measuring GDF15 methylation could potentially serve as a biomarker for diagnosing sarcopenia.