Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of IL-6 on the epithelial to mesenchymal transition of human pancreatic cancer cells.Methods IL-6 was added into the culture media of human pancreatic cancer cells Capan-2,SW1990,and STAT3-siRNA-SW1990.Cell growth was measured by MTT assays.STAT3,p-STAT3,Snail,Twist,and E-cadherin mRNA and protein expression were examined using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)and Western blot,respectively.The invasion abilities of SW1990 and Capan-2 cells were determined by a cell invasion assay in vitro.Results Our results showed that 100 μg/L of IL-6 significantly promoted the growth and invasion abilities of Capan-2 and SW1990 cells (P＜0.05).The use of IL-6 not only markedly increased the protein expression of P-STAT3 and Snail,but also greatly decreased the mRNA and protein expression of E-cadherin.The use of IL-6 can not change the mRNA and protein expression of Snail and E-cadherin.Conclusion Activation of the STAT3 signal transducer pathway with IL-6 can promote the epithelial to mesenchymal transition of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro through up-regulation of Snail and down-regulation of E-cadherin expression.Therefore the STAT3 signal transducer may provide a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of IL-6 on invasion and metastasis of human pancreatic cancer cells. Methods IL-6 was added into the culture media of human pancreatic cancer cells Capan-2 and SW1990. Cell growth was measured by MTT assay. Western blot and immunocytochemistry were performed to detect Phosphorylated STAT3 (P-STAT3) protein. VEGF and MMP-2 mRNA and protein expression were examined using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. The invasion ability of SW1990 and Capan2 cells was determined by cell invasion assay in vitro. Results 100 ng/mL IL-6 significantly promoted growth and invasion ability of Capan-2 and SW1990 cells (P＜0.05). The use of IL-6 not only markedly increased the protein expression of P-STAT3, VEGF and MMP-2, but also greatly increased the mRNA expression of MMP-2 and VEGF. Conclusions STAT3 signal transducer pathway activation with IL-6 can promote the invasion ability of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro through up-regulation of MMP-2 and VEGF expression. STAT3 signal transducer may provide a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

As an important course in medical laboratory science, clinical immunology is composed of advanced immunological knowledge and advanced testing technology, which are closely related to many disciplines, such as basic medicine, clinical medicine and so on. Medical educators introduced case-based teaching into clinical immunology, selected the typical, enlightening and interesting clinical cases, designed some reasonable questions for students majoring in medical laboratory science and improved students' participation via pre-class discussion and answering their questions during class, so as to help them study actively. Case-based teaching has been proved through practice as one of the important ways to improve the learning efficiency of medical students and promote their overall development, and it is a successful method for teaching reform.

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid found in plasma and cells. It is the preferred fuel for enterocytes in the small intestine, macrophages, and lymphocytes. After serious burn, increased requirement of glutamine by the gastrointestinal tract, kidney and lymphocytes, and relatively insufficient self synthesis likely contribute to the rapid decline of glutamine in circulation and cells. Glutamine supplementation can not only protect intestinal mucosa, maintain normal intestinal barrier function, reduce bacterial translocation, and enhance the intestinal immune function, but also increase the number of lymphocytes, enhance the phagocytic function of macrophage, promote the synthesis of immunoglobulin, and reduce the body′s inflammatory response, so as to enhance the immune function. Therefore, glutamine supplementation can improve and enhance the immune function, reduce complications and promote the prognosis of severely burned patients.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features and genetic basis for a Chinese pedigree affected with hereditary dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH). METHODS: Peripheral blood samples of the proband and his mother were collected and subjected to PCR and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The patient has conformed to the typical pattern of DSH and manifested with hyperpigmentation, hypo- and hyperpigmentation spots on the back of hands, feet and face. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the proband and his mother have both harbored heterozygous splicing variant c.2762+1G>T in exon 9 of the ADAR gene, which was unreported previously. The same variant was not detected among 100 healthy controls. According to the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the variant was predicted to be pathogenic (PVS1+PM2+PP4). CONCLUSION The c.2762+1G>T variant of the ADAR gene probably underlay the DSH in this pedigree. Above finding has enriched the spectrum of ADAR gene mutations.
Adenosine Deaminase/genetics* ; China ; Humans ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Pigmentation Disorders/congenital* ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics*