Objective To explore the features of the airway inflammation in a rat model of chronic bronchitis and study the role of IL-8 in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis. Methods The rat model of chronic bronchitis was set up by injecting LPS into trachea. Cell count and cytological classification in BALF were performed in experimental group and control group. The level of IL-8 in both serum and lung tissues of the two groups rats was measured by ELISA. Results The levels of IL-8 in both serum and lung tissues in the rats with chronic bronchitis were significantly higher than those in healthy control rats.The number of neutrophil in BALF of the rats with chronic bronchitis was significantly more than that in healthy control rats. Conclusion Both IL-8 and neutrophil were involved in airway inflammation of chronic bronchitis, and might play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the treatment characteristics of secretory otitis media (SOM) in cleft palate children.

METHODSA total of 319 patients (524 ears) with SOM and cleft palate (3-14 years old) who accepted treatment were divided into experiment group A, group B, and group C according to effusion characteristics in the middle ear and tympanic pressure. Group A included 112 patients with serous effusion (198 ears). Group B included 162 patients with mucinous effusion (248 ears). Group C included 45 patients (78 ears) with negative pressure in the middle ear without effusion and an acoustic immittance. A total of 208 patients (246 ears) with SOM and tonsil and adenoid hypertrophy were divided into control group Al, group B1, and group Cl matched with the same effusion characteristics in the middle ear and tympanic pressure. Group A and Al accepted puncture in the tympanic cavity, group B and B1 accepted tympanostomy tubes, and group C and Cl accepted puncture in the tympanic cavity after palatoplasty, adenoidectomy, and tonsillectomy. All groups were treated with antibiotics and ear drops. Cure rate and recurrence rate between the experiment group and the control group were compared.

RESULTSThe control group had a better cure rate [93.09% (229/246)] than the experiment group [77.29% (405/524)] 12 months after treatment. The experiment group had a higher recurrence rate [14.57% (59/405)] than the control group [3.93% (9/229)]. Statistical differences were observed between the two groups (P<0.05). SOM with cleft palate initially had a low cure rate, and thus it was treated repeatedly for many times.

CONCLUSIONSOM with cleft palate is different from normal otitis media in terms of clinical manifestation, treatment, outcome, and prognosis. This case should be considered a special otitis media to be treated with special examination and therapy to obtain better results. Repeated puncture in the tympanic cavity and tympanostomy tubes for six months according to effusion characteristics are better treatment options for patients with SOM and cleft palate.

Child ; Cleft Palate ; Humans ; Middle Ear Ventilation ; Otitis Media with Effusion ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Recurrence

ObjectiveTo explore the diagnostic value of Tei index of right ventricle and serum level of NT-proBNP in patients with high-altitude heart disease (HAHD).MethodsRight ventricle Tei index and serum NT-proBN level were calculated and tested in 32 local healthy volunteers and 34 cases of HAHD patients hospitalized in our hospital in Golmud city (2808 meters above sea level) from 2008 to 2010,and a correlation study was conducted thereafter.ResultsThe pulmonary arterial systolic pressure and right ventricle Tei index,elevated significantly in HAHD patients compared with the control group [(86.61 vs 9.72)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) and(0.90 vs 0.33)respectively,P＜0.05].Patients diagnosed as mild pulmonary hypertension without alteration in cardiac structure showed higher pulmonary arterial systolic pressure and the Tei index compared with the control group [( 57.1 vs 9.72 )mm Hg and (0.78 vs 0.33 ) respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ].In addition,the level of serum NT-proBNP was significantly higher in HAHD group than that of control group [( 1246.8 ± 512.6) ng/L and (98.6 ± 21.7 ) ng/L respectively,P ＜ O.05 ].ConclusionRight ventricle Tei index and serum NT-proBNP level are sensitive indicators for right ventricular function and thus of favorable clinical significance for the diagnosis of HAHD.

ObjectiveThe study aimed to evaluate the measurement uncertainty in the determination of five cacaine anesthetics and their metabolites residues by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS）. MethodsThrough the establishment of mathematical model， the sources of uncertainty were analyzed， and various components were quantified and synthesized to evaluate the influence of the uncertainty components on the measurement results． ResultsThe uncertainties of the experiments were mainly derived from calibration curve fitting， sample pretreatment， recovery rate， standard solution preparation and measurement repeatability. Furthermore， the expanded uncertainty related to the content in shrimp （k=2） was 1.18 μg‧kg^-1 at 8.68 μg‧kg^-1 for tricaine methanesulfonate （MS-222）， 1.28 μg‧kg^-1 at 9.11 μg‧kg^-1 for benzocaine， 13.5 μg‧kg^-1 at 91.4 μg‧kg^-1 for 4-aminobenzoic acid， 12.2 μg‧kg^-1 at 91.0 μg‧kg^-1 for p-acetylamino benzoic acid， and 11.3 μg‧kg^-1 at 95.3 μg‧kg^-1 for 3-aminobenzoic acid， respectively. ConclusionThis method is suitable for the uncertainty analysis of cacaine anesthetics and their metabolites determination in aquatic products by LC-MS/MS， and can provide scientific and reliable basis for the measurement accuracy.

This study was purposed to compare the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of low-dose decitabine combined with CAG regimen (aclarubicin, Ara-C, and G-CSF) and CAG regimen alone in intermediate to high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and evaluate the validity and efficacy of the former regimen as new treatment method of intermediate to high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. A total of 12 patients with intermediate (IR) to high-risk (HR) MDS treated by low-dose decitabine combined with CAG regimen and 10 patients with IR to HR MDS treated by CAG regimen alone were evaluated after treatment of 1 cycle and at least after 2 cycles. The complete remission (CR) after 1 cycle, overall remission rate (ORR), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between them were analyzed. The results showed that 9 patients treated by low-dose decitabine combined with CAG regimen achieved complete remission after 1 cycle, 2 patients achieved partial remission, 1 patient did not show reaction. The complete remission rate was 75.0% and overall response rate was 91.7%. The median time of disease free survival was 9 months (0-27 months). The median overall survival time was 16 months (3-28 months). 4 patients suffered from pulmonary infection after treatment and then were all cured after treatment with anti-infective therapy. The 5 patients treated by CAG regimen alone achieved complete remission,3 patients achieved partial remission, 2 patients showed non-reaction. The complete remission rate was 50.0% and overall response rate was 80.0%. The median time of disease free survival was 6 months(0-18 months). The median overall survival time was 13 months(3-31 months), 4 patients suffered from pulmonary infection, 1 patient suffered from enteric infection and 1 patient suffered from Escherichia coli septicemia after treatment, all of them becomed better after active treatment. Two groups of patients all had no serious adverse reactions, All patients could tolerate, no severe complication-related death occurred in them. The statistical analysis indicated that the patients treated with low-dose decitabine combined with CAG regimen had longer progression free survival time than those treated with CAG regimen alone, and had longer overall survival time but did not have statistically significant. It is concluded that low-dose decitabine combined with CAG regimen has better clinical efficacy for patients with intermediate to high-risk MDS and did not increase risk for them. It is worth to apply in clinic.
Aclarubicin ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Azacitidine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Cytarabine ; therapeutic use ; Disease-Free Survival ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; drug therapy ; Remission Induction ; Treatment Outcome