While Internet brings convenience to teenagers,there are some negative and bad things too.In the network,various sorts of information is mixed,the good and bad are intermingled,and much harmful information has become the pollution source to students' inner world,which will have great impact on the moral socialization and virtue.

Objective To design and manufacture the simple lower fixtures of WXX2000 field medical box group, the medical boxes ZT-4-1 as an example. The principle, instrument, process and the applying of the device were introduced. Methods Based on the guidance principle of the ZT-4-1 medical box, the size of lower space and ampoule of the ZT-4-1 medical box were measured and design its layout, and then suitable instruments and materials of the device was selected, and external fixed wooden box and foam stuffing were produced step by step. Results The simple lower fixture is available for fixed and transportation safety. Conclusion The simple device is effective for fixed effect and can be used extensively.

Objective To investigate the dose response effects of Shenfu injection, an intravenous drug made from traditional Chinese herbs, on the ischemic spinal cord injury in rabbits Methods New Zealand white rabbits were anesthetized with halothane and spinal cord ischemia was induced with 20 min infrarenal aortic occlusion Animals were randomly allocated to 4 groups, in group A(n=6) without pharmacologic intervention, in group B (n=6) ,group C (n=6) and group D (n=6) Shenfu injection 5,10 and 20ml?kg -1 were infused intravenously at a constant rate within 30min before the aortic cross clamping, respectively Neurologic status was scored by the Tarlov system 1,4,8,12,24 and 48h following reperfusion The animals were sacrificed 48h following reperfusion to sample the spinal cord (L5 7) immediately for histopathologic study Results All animals survived during the experiment Compared with that in group A, the neurologic deficit score (NDS) increased significantly at each observing time in group B, group C and group D (P0 05), but there was no significant difference between group B, C and D NDS in group A,B,C and D 48h after reperfusion were 0 5?0 8,3 2?0 9(P

Objective To investigate if isoflurane preconditioning induces ischemic tolerance against neuronal damage produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats Methods Thirty male SD rats weighing 350 400g were randomly divided into three groups: control group (no pretreatment,n=10),isoflurane preconditioning group (ISO group) (inhalation of 2% isoflurane and 98% O 2 1h per day lasting 5d,n=10), oxygen preconditioning group (O 2 group) (inhalation of 98% O 2 1h per day lasting 5d ,n=10) Right MCAO was induced by a 3 0 nylon thread with round tip inserted cranially into right internal carotid artery under isoflurane anesthesia and maintained for 120 min The neurologic deficit score (NDS) was evaluated 1, 3, 6, 12, 16 and 24h after reperfusion and the infarct volume was calculated at 24th following reperfusion Results The NDS of ISO group was lower than that of other two groups at each time interval (P0 05) Conclusions Isoflurane pretreatment can induce ischemic tolerance against neuronal damage produced by transient MCAO in rats

In the process of cultivating TCM clinical postgraduates of TCM clinical college in Shanxi university of Chinese medicine,we emphasized the importance of clinical application ability and innovation ability in scientific research,stressed the clinical practice and check management,to formulate the objective,effective and quantified assessment index system in keeping with the real institution of our college,so as to improve the all-round quality of TCM clinical postgraduates.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of prenatal MRI in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of congenital bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS). Methods From January 2009 to December 2014, 16 fetuses with BPS were diagnosed by fetal MRI in Huzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital and Shanghai Children′s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. The clinical data of these cases were analyzed retrospectively. All were singleton pregnancy, and MRI was carried out within 24-48 hours after routine prenatal ultrasound. All the neonates underwent postnatal enhanced CT scan or surgical biopsy after birth, and the results were compared to prenatal MRI diagnosis. Results (1)With prenatal MRI, 16 cases were diagnosed BPS. The lesions located in left lung in 10 cases, and right lung in 6 cases. As the scope of the lesion, 3 cases located in the whole left lung, 6 cases limited to the left lower lobe, and 1 case was subdiaphragmatic on the left side. 2 cases located in the whole right lung and 4 cases limited to the right lower lobe. One case complicated oligoamnios, and one had pleural effusion. Supplying vessels could be found in 14 cases.(2)When the postnatal results were compared with prenatal MRI, 15 cases were comfirmed as BPS (15/16), including 10 intralobar cases 5 extralobar cases. One that was diagnosed as BPS by prenatal MRI was confirmed to be congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) by pathology. The accuracy of prenatal MRI diagnosis of BPS was 15/16. Prenatal ultrasound missed one case and misdiagnosed two cases, as one was mistakened as CCAM and the other as cystic teratoma. Conclusion Prenatal MRI has good clinical value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of fetal BPS.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To investigate the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( BMSCs) modified by programed death ligand-1 immunoglobulin ( PDL1 Ig) gene on immune rejection of orthotopic liver transplantation in rats. METHODS:Rat BMSCs were cultured and identified.The protein expression of PDL1 Ig in the BMSCs 72 h after infection with pAdEasy-1/PDL1 Ig was detected by Western blot.Mixed lymphocyte reaction was used to detect the inhibitory effect of BMSCs on the viability of T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood.The male Wistar rats were used as donors (n=40), and the male SD rats were used as recipients ( n=40 ) .The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation was established by im-proved cuff method for observing acute rejection.The rats were randomly divided into control group, BMSCs treatment group, BMSCs/GFP treatment group and BMSCs/PDL1 Ig treatment group with 10 pairs each.Five rats were executed at the 7th day and the remains were used for measuring the survival time.RESULTS:The expression of PDL1 Ig in the BM-SCs was detected after pAdEasy-1/PDL1 Ig infection.The effect of BMSCs/PDL1 Ig on the viability of the lymphocytes was stronger than that of BMSCs/GFP.The level of IL-4 in BMSCs/PDL1 Ig group was significantly higher than that in the other 3 groups, while the levels of IFN-γand IL-2 were significantly decreased.The liver function in BMSCs/PDL1 Ig group was significantly improved and the levels of ALT, AST and TBil were almost recovered to normal at the 7th day after transplan-
tation.Severe rejection reaction was observed in control group, and rejection reactions were decreased with different degrees in BMSCs treatment group and BMSCs/GFP treatment group.Much slighter rejection reaction and significantly longer sur-vival time were showed in BMSCs/PDL1 Ig group than those in the other 3 groups.CONCLUSION:PDL1 Ig-modified BM-SCs inhibit the rejection of liver transplantation in rats and induce the immune tolerance, and the effect is better than that of BMSCs alone.

Objective To explore the success rate and the risk of establishment of the acute myocardial infarction model between the beagle dogs and the mini-pigs by interventional technique ,further to provid theoretical basis for choose a more suitable animal model .Methods 6 dogs and 6 mini-pigs were anaesthetized ,then underwent the coronary arteriography via femoral artery .After is-chemic preconditioning the coronary balloon was inflated to occlude the middle left anterior descending coronary for 180 minutes . The electrocardiogram was examined throughout the operation and the pathological sections were examined until the animals were executed one week later .Results All beagle dogs survived ,while 1 case of mini-pigs dead(1/6) .There was 1 cases(1/6) of beagle dogs had acute myocardial infarction ,while 5(5/6)cases in mini-pigs .All mini-pigs had malignant arrhythmia(6/6) but never seen in beagle dogs .The time needed for building a model was similar between the two groups ,the difference had no statistical signifi-cance(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The risk of establish myocardial infarction model in mini-pigs is higher than beagle dogs ,but the suc-cess rate is still high ,it might be the better choice .

Objective To study the risk factors of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in children and adolescents in Xi'an City.Methods HFRS laboratory confirmed cases aged under 16 from January 2013-December 2015 were selected,which were reported by Information System of Disease Prevention and Control of the People's Republic of China.A 1:1 matched case-control study was adopted to retrospective investigate the risk factors.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze relationships between various factors and HFRS in single factor analysis,the influence factors in the single factor analysis with statistical significances were further analyzed in the multiple factors analysis.Results Eighty-eight matched pairs were investigated.Single factor Logistic regression analysis found that non-nuclear family [odds ratio (OR) =20.25,95％ confidence interval (CI):2.32-76.80],less hand washing frequency before meals (OR =3.67,95％CI:1.40-9.62),the river or pond around the place (OR =1.55,95％CI:1.32-2.94),sit on the hay and play (OR =1.36,95％CI:1.17-1.80),eating in the snack bar (OR =8.33,95％CI:1.78-9.47),do not spray water when sweeping the floor (OR =2.22,95％CI:1.24-4.12),living in the edge of village (OR =1.55,95％CI:1.32-2.94),and keeping pets in the home (OR =12.00,95％CI:1.12-28.84) were associated with HFRS.In multiple factors Logistic regression analysis,risk factors according to the contribution value from high to low in the order were keeping pets in the home (OR =5.40,95％CI:1.78-16.32),less hand washing frequency before meals (OR =3.96,95％CI:1.89-7.23),living in the edge of village (OR =2.42,95％CI:1.82-5.50),and the river or pond around the place (OR =2.21,95％CI:1.86-2.49).Conclusion Risk factors as keeping pets in the home,less hand washing frequency before meals,living in the edge of village,the river or pond around the place are likely risk factors of HFRS.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of esketamine combined with different doses of remimazolam for induction of general anesthesia in pediatric patients.Methods:One hundred and sixty pediatric patients of either sex, aged 3-6 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅰ or Ⅱ, with body mass index of 13-20 kg/m 2, undergoing elective general anesthesia under a laryngeal mask, were divided into 4 groups ( n=40 each) by the random number table method: esketamine combined with propofol group (KP group) and esketamine combined with different doses of remimazolam group (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mg/kg) groups (KR1 group, KR2 group, KR3 group). Esketamine 0.8 mg/kg was intravenously injected in the preanesthesia room. After entering the operating room, propofol 2.5 mg/kg was intravenously injected in KP group, and remimazolam 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mg/kg were intravenously injected in KR1, KR2 and KR3 groups, respectively. When the child lost consciousness and the Modified Observer′s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale score<1, sufentanil and mevacurium were intravenously injected. When the Modified Observer′s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale score≥1, rescue sedation was performed, and 3 min later the laryngeal mask airway was inserted. The onset time of sedation, response to laryngeal mask airway placement, rescue sedation, hypotension, tachycardia, bradycardia, bucking, hiccup, injection pain and apnea were recorded, and the increase rate of perfusion index (PI) was calculated. Results:No response to laryngeal mask implantation occurred in the four groups. Compared with KP group, the onset time of sedation was significantly prolonged, the incidence of hypotension, bradycardia, injection pain and apnea was decreased, the incidence of tachycardia was increased, and the increase rate of PI was decreased in KR1, KR2 and KR3 groups, and the rate of rescue sedation and incidence of bucking were increased in KR1 and KR2 groups ( P<0.05). Compared with KR1 group, the onset time of sedation was significantly shortened in KR2 group and KR3 group, and the rate of rescue sedation and incidence of bucking were decreased in KR3 group ( P<0.05). Compared with KR2 group, the onset time of sedation was significantly shortened, and the rate of rescue sedation was decreased in KR3 group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the increase rate of PI, hypotension, bradycardia, tachycardia, injection pain and apnea among KR1, KR2 and KR3 groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of hiccup among the four groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Esketamine 0.8 mg/kg combined with remimazolam 0.4 mg/kg can be safely and effectively used for anesthesia induction and has milder inhibition of respiration and circulation as compared with esketamine combined with propofol in pediatric patients.