Objective To observe the effects of cytoplasmic transduction peptide (CTP)-HBcAg18-27-Tapasin induced murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cell (DC) maturation on T lymphocyte proliferation in vitro,Methods Bone marrow derived DC isolated from BALB/c mice were cultured with recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and recombinant interleutin (IL)-4 for 5 days followed by lipopolysaccharide added to induce DC maturation.10 μg/L CTP-HBcAg18-27-Tapasin,50 μg/L CTP-HBcAg18-27-Tapasin,10 μg/L CTP-HBcAg18-27 or RPMI-1640 were added into culture medium to induce DC maturation.DC phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry.The level of IL-12p70 in the supernatant was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The proliferation of.T lymphocytes was performed by using cell counting kit-8 and intracellular cytokine of proliferative T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.The means among groups were compared using one-way ANOVA and those between two groups were compared by least significant difference test.Results DC were cultured and induced successfully.The molecules on DC surface,such as CD80,CD86 and major histocompatibility antigen-Ⅰ were upregulated by CTP-HBcAg18-27-Tapasin.IL-12p70 level induced by 50 μg/L CTP-HBcAg18-27-Tapasin was (61.12±10.25) pg/mL,which was higher than those induced by 10 μg/L CTP-HBcAg18-27-Tapasin (50.43±10.42) pg/mL,10μg/L CTP-HBcAg18-27 (40.17±8.54) pg/mL and medium control (30.51±8.03) pg/mL (F=15.85,P=0.030 and 0.037).The proliferation of T lymphocytes induced by CTP- HBcAg18-27 -Tapasin was higher than control groups.The amounts of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) induced by 50 μg/L CTP-HBcAg18-27-Tapasin [(2.05±0.41) ％] and 10 μg/L CTP-HBcAg18-27-Tapasin [(1.06 ±0.10 )％] were both significantly higher than the 10 μg/L CTP-HBcAg18-27 group [(0.45±0.11)％] and medium group [(0.09±0.02)％,F=60.22,P=0.003].Conclusions CTP HBcAg18- 27 Tapasin could promote the differentiation and maturation of DC,and enhance the ability of DC stimulating T lymphocytes proliferation and increase CTL expression effectively.

Chemotherapeutic drugs are the mainstay of treatment on mid-advanced tumors. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that chemotherapeutic drugs also have immunomodulatory effects. Some chemotherapeutic drugs can enhance anti-tumor immunity by inducing tumor cell immunogenic cell death or performing "immunogenic modulation". In addition, chemotherapeutic drugs can also act on immune cells and even the intestinal flora. A number of clinical trials of chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors are currently underway. This article focuses on the immunomodulatory effect of chemotherapeutic drugs, as well as the potential of chemotherapy combined with ICI on cancer, to provide guidance for the clinical application of chemotherapeutic drugs.

The paper introduces a new design of the CT rotation motion control system. The system is controlled by a variable frequency drive as a controller and a general induction motor as an actuator. In addition, this paper also introduced the model selection of CT rotating control device and the parameters setup for variable frequency drive. Meanwhile, a test method of the rotor position servo control system is also introduced at the end of the paper. The new system has lowcost, high-performance features, fully meets the requirement of CT rotation motion control.
Equipment Design ; Rotation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in the development and progression of tumors.In recent years, great attention has been paid to the study of the interplay of ER stress and T cell differentiation and functionality.Intense ER stress in the tumor-infiltrating T cells exacerbates T cell exhaustion and impairs T cell anti-tumor immunity.Therefore, a variety of ER stress inhibitors have been developed and utilized to alleviate T cell exhaustion, which improves T cell function in tumor microenvironment.Furthermore, the downregulation of several circadian clock genes like Per1 and Per2 also aggravates T cell exhaustion, and the key downstream effector molecules in ER stress regulate the transcription of Per family, thus enhancing the T cell function.In the present manuscript, we particularly summarize how ER stress impacts the anti-tumor immunity of T cells, and further discuss potential strategies for improving tumor immunotherapy via targeting ER stress.

Objective To explore the value of automated functional imaging(AFI)in predicting coronary artery stenosis in patients without ventricular wall motion abnormalities.Methods A total of 40 patients without ventricular wall motion abnormalities under two-dimensional echocardiography and confirmed coronary artery heart diseases(CHD)(coronary stenosis≥70％)by coronary angiography(CAG)at the Xinxiang Central Hospital from July 2018 to September 2019 were selected as the research subjects.The detection rates of coronary artery stenosis ≥70％by AFI and CAG were compared.With reference to CAG as the gold standard,the predictive value of AFI for coronary artery stenosis ≥70％was evaluated.Results There was no significant difference in the detection rates of coronary artery stenosis ≥70％by AFI and CAG(x2=1.667,P＞0.05).The predictive efficacy of AFI for coronary artery stenosis ≥70％was as follows:a sensitivity of 100％,a specificity of 63.6％,the positive predictive value of 69.2％,the negative predictive value of 100％,and an accuracy of 80％for predicting stenosis ≥70％in the left anterior descending artery;a sensitivity of 56.2％,a specificity of 91.6％,the positive predictive value of 81.8％,the negative predictive value of 75.8％,and an accuracy of 77.5％for predicting stenosis ≥70％in the left circumflex artery;a sensitivity of 95.6％,a specificity of 47.0％,the positive predictive value of 70.9％,the negative predictive value of 88.0％,and an accuracy of 75.0％for predicting stenosis ≥70％in the right coronary artery;the overall sensitivity of 85.9％,the overall specificity of 69.8％,the overall positive predictive value of 72.0％,the overall negative predictive value of 84.6％,and the overall accuracy of 77.5％.Conclusion AFI can provide a sensitive,objective,non-invasive,and inexpensive examination method for the early clinical forecast of coronary artery stenosis.

Objective To investigate the experience of early diagnosis and surgical treatment of brain metastases to improve the therapy effect.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 80 patients with brain metastases,received surgical treatment in our hospital from January 2003 to December 2013.The early diagnosis,treatment and survival of these patients were analyzed.Results Asymptomatic regularly head computerized tomography (CT) or enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) found 12 patients (15％).Two weeks after surgery,32 patients (40.0％) had totally disappeared neurological disorders,40 (50.0％) had obvious relief,6 (7.5％) were without relieved or even aggravated,and 2 (2.5％) were dead.Eight patients (10.0％) who combined with extracranial metastases died within 6 months of surgery.The one-year survival rate was 60.3％ (47/78),two-year survival rate was 34.6％ (27/78),three-year survival rate was 20.5％ (16/78) and five-year survival rate was 6.4％ (5/78);the median survival was 17 months.In 16 patients of survival more than 3 years,9 were the early-detection asymptomatic patients.Conclusion After resection of primary malignant tumor,the periodical enhanced head CT or MRI are effective measures for early diagnosis of brain metastases; surgical treatment can improve the survival quality and prolong survival time of patients with brain metastases.

Objective:To explore the clinical classifications and treatments of craniocerebral Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH).Methods:Patients with histopathologically conformed LCH in our hospital from January 2008 to January 2019 were classified into 7 types according to the International Histocell Association clinical typing: type I (single site of skull), type II (single site of skull and involvement of central nervous system [CNS]), type III (multiple sites of skull), type IV (single site of CNS), type V (multiple sites of CNS), type VI (low-risk multiple sites of multisystem), and type VII (high-risk multiple sites of multisystem). According to the classification, two treatment methods were adopted. Group A (patients with type I) was treated with local resection, and Group B (patients with type II, III, IV, VI, and VII) was treated with chemotherapy based on Japanese Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Study Group (JLSG) protocol after local resection or biopsy; according to the efficacy standards of JLSG, the treatment efficacies were evaluated.Results:The study covered 17 patients from Group A (type I) and 29 patients from Group B, including 2 with type II, one with type III, one with type IV, 10 with type VI, and 15 with type VII. During the follow-up period of one-10 years, there was no recurrence in 17 patients from group A; 27 out of 29 patients from group B had effective induction in postoperative JLSG chemotherapy, enjoying induction efficiency of 93.1%; two patients were treated with other chemotherapy regimes, and one of them was followed up for one year and his condition was stable.Conclusion:For type I craniocerebral LCH patients, clinical cure can be obtained with local resection; for type II, III, IV, VI, and VII LCH patients, good curative effect can be obtained with JLSG chemotherapy after local resection or biopsy; for LCH patients who have no reaction or disease progress in the first 6 weeks of induction, the curative effect can be improved by changing the rescue plan in time.

Objective:To investigate the application value of 3D printing technology in precise surgery of complex skull base tumors.Methods:Thirty patients with complex skull base tumors who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from May 2016 to May 2019 were chosen in our study; they were divided into 3D printing group and control group according to whether 3D printing technology was used or not. In the 14 patients from 3D printing group, patients accepted surgery with the guide of 3D printing technology before and during surgery. In the 16 patients from control group, surgery was performed with the guide of routine preoperative MR images. The surgical duration, intraoperative hemorrhage volume and tumor total resection rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The patients in the 3D printing group had significantly shortened average surgical duration, significantly decreased average intraoperative hemorrhage volume, and significantly higher proportion of patients with total resection as compared with those in the control group ([7.2±2.6] h vs. [9.4±2.2] h, [377.1±318.3] mL vs. [975.0±856.2] mL, 12/14 vs. 7/16, P<0.05). Conclusion:In surgical resection of complex skull base tumors, 3D printing technology can help to improve surgical efficiency and tumor total resection rate, and reduce intraoperative hemorrhage volume.

Background and Objectives: Tracking of the tumor progression by MSCs-based therapy is being increasingly important in evaluating relative therapy effectively. Herein, Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) technology was used to dynamically and quantitatively track the hepatocellular carcinoma suppressive effects by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs). Methods: and Results: The stem cells present typical phenotypic characteristics and differentiation ability by morphology and flow cytometry analysis of marker expression. Then, the growth inhibition effect of conditioned medium and UC-MSC on H7402 cells was studied. It is found both the conditioned medium and UC-MSC can effectively decrease the proliferation of H7402 cells compared with the control group. Meanwhile, the relative migration of UC-MSC to H7402 is also increased through the transwell migration assay. In addition, a mice hepatoma tumor model was built by H7402 cells which can express a pLenti-6.3/DEST-CMV-luciferase 2-mKate2 gene. The effect of stem cells on growth inhibition of tumor in a mice transplantation model was dynamically monitored by bioluminescence imaging within 5 weeks. It has shown the bioluminescence signal intensity of the tumor model was significantly higher than that of the UC-MSC co-acting tumor model, indicating that the inhibition of UC-MSC on liver cancer resulted in low expression of bioluminescent signals. Conclusions The microenvironment of UC-MSCs can effectively inhibit the growth of liver cancer cells, and this therapeutic effect can be dynamically and quantitatively monitored in vivo by BLI. This is of great significance for the imaging research and application of stem cells in anticancer therapy.

In response to the limitation of some medical image segmentation models for rectal cancer auxiliary diagnosis that are only applicable to single-modality images,a medical image segmentation method based on a cross attention mechanism that is applicable to both CT and MRI modalities is presented.Considering the different feature representations of CT and MRI images,a cross attention mechanism is proposed to unify the feature representations of the two types of images.In view of the small lesions on rectal cancer images,an improved Swin Transformer segmentation network with 3 branches is established,and the cross attention mechanism is incorporated into it,enabling the model to segment lesion areas in both types of images.The proposed method is validated using CT and MRI image data from patients with rectal cancer.Compared with ADDA,CycleGAN,and SIFA methods,the proposed method improves the accuracy by 2.94%,3.05%,0.71%on CT images,and 3.31%,4.55%,1.76%on MRI images,respectively,demonstrating its superior segmentation performance for both types of images.