In national student loans,the main function of university is as both an organizer for banks and guide for students.What it playes in fact is the role of a kind of credit intermediary.This paper starts with the relationship between national student loans and system of student's credit as well as probes into the credit intermediary role of university from system vision and credit cultural construction.

Objective To predict protein transduction domain (PTD) which is a short peptide with the ability to pull diverse molecules across cell membranes.Methods Every peptide segment including PTDs and peptide sequence from SwissProt database was represented by 68 numerical values,which reflected their physicochemical and conformational properties related to the PTD' s membrane penetrating function.Transductive support vector machine (TSVM) and support vector machine(SVM),combined with cluster method,was introduced to predict new PTDs from the peptide segments,which were extracted from SwissProt database.Results TSVM prediction model achieved 94%±4% accuracy and SVM model achieved 94%±5% accuracy.1210 possible PTDs were predicted using the classifiers based on these two models.Conclusion The research provides a guide to find more PTDs in molecular biology experiments and will be helpful in the understanding of the mechanism of PTDs and their function in vivo.

Objective: To optimize the extraction process for Jiangmeiling Capsule(Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis). Methods : Uniformity design was used in extraction adoption with schisandrin, schisantherin, deoxyschisandrin, -schisandrin as marker. Results : The optimum process was that 95% alcohol used as extraction solvent, macerated twice for 20h and 10h, respectively, the amount of solvent added up to 10 and 9 times of herbs. The extraction efficiency was 97.47%, 95.81%, 93.77% and 95.82%, respectively. Conclusion : The extraction process was stable. The experimental results provided the basis for ascertainment of Jiangmeiling Capsule.

This paper briefly reviews the definition of sudden cardiac death(SCD) and its risk in patients after myocardial infarction and then summarizes the definitions,current research progresses and application issues of several noninvasive risk predictors.

Hereditary hearing impairment is caused by genetic defects and is a common clinical disease. Since the lack of efficient treatment method, genetic counseling is more important in this field. It provides information about inherited disorders and focuses on assessment and interpretation of the risk for occurrence of genetic conditions in the family. Presented in this paper are classification of hereditary hearing impairment and methods to perform probability analysis using features of pathogenic genes and information of pedigree.

The general experiences of medical support in Wenchuan earthquake have been summarized based on the investigation in the earthquake-hit areas and the analysis of correlated literature.The main experiences include: medical support by the local hospitals of earthquake-hit areas was essential;medical aid should be conducted in three echelons;multi-disciplinal coordination and cooperation in care of injuries;integration of rescue teams from other provinces or countries by different channels;and important role played by armed forces.There is room for improvement in the emergency rescue and medical service.The key points to improve the rescue level of natural disaster

AIM: To establish a HPLC method for the determination of schisandrin、 deoxy-schisandrin and ?-schisandrin in Jiangmeiling Capsule(extract of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis). METHODS: The determination was performed by RP-HPLC on Kromasil TM C 18 column(200mm?4.6mm, 5?m) using methanol-H 2O (75∶25) as a mobile phase, flow rate at 1.0mL?min -1, detection wavelength at 224nm. RESULTS: The linear range of schisandrin was 0.02228～0.24508?g,r=0.9996. The average recovery was 101.87%, RSD=1.37% (n=5). The linear range of deoxyschisandrin was 0. 02188～0. 24068?g, r=0.9997. The average recovery was 99.75%, RSD=0.94% (n=5). The linear range of ?-schisandrin was 0.01975～0.2172?g, r=0.9996. The average recovery was 100.90%, RSD=0.99% (n=5). CONCLUSION: The method is convenient, sensitive and accurate. It can be a method for quality control in production of Jiangmeiling capsule.

Objective　To make clear the effect of gastrointestinal tract ischemia on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Methods　The literature in the recent years was reviewed. Results　The low-flow states of gastrointestinal tract and decrease of gastrointestinal intramucosal pH, which occured following a variety of insults (sever trauma, hemorrhagic shock, et al), as well as overgrowth of enterobacteria, may result in a significant increase of permeability of bowel and lead to endotoxemia and bacterial translocation. Ischemia also resulted in release of TNF, IL-6 into the systemic circulation, dysfunction of gastrointestinal tract motility, and activation of neutrophile which was integral in local and distant organ damage. Conclusion　These data suggest that the management of correct ischemia of gastrointestinal tract, which include fluid infusion to replacement of blood volume, early enteral nutrition, improvement of gastrointestinal movement, could contribute to improve the intestinal barrier function, and prevent the development of MODS.

In order to compare the effects of several experimental renal calcium oxalate stones formation models in rats and to find a simple and convenient model with significant effect of calcium oxalate crystals deposition in the kidney, several rat models of renal calcium oxalate stones formation were induced by some crystal-inducing drugs (CID) including ethylene glycol (EG), ammonium chloride (AC), vitamin D(3)[1alpha(OH)VitD(3), alfacalcidol], calcium gluconate, ammonium oxalate, gentamicin sulfate, L-hydroxyproline. The rats were fed with drugs given singly or unitedly. At the end of experiment, 24-h urines were collected and the serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the extents of calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the renal tissue, urinary calcium and oxalate excretion were measured. The serum Cr levels in the stone-forming groups were significantly higher than those in the control group except for the group EG+L-hydroxyproline, group calcium gluconate and group oxalate. Blood BUN concentration was significantly higher in rats fed with CID than that in control group except for group EG+L-hydroxyproline and group ammonium oxalate plus calcium gluconate. In the group of rats administered with EG plus Vitamin D(3), the deposition of calcium oxalate crystal in the renal tissue and urinary calcium excretion were significantly greater than other model groups. The effect of the model induced by EG plus AC was similar to that in the group induced by EG plus Vitamin D(3). EG plus Vitamin D(3) or EG plus AC could stably and significantly induced the rat model of renal calcium oxalate stones formation.

Objective To investigate the effect of nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) on crossorgan sensitization and bladder function disorders in rat model with visceral hypersensitivity. Methods The model of cross-organ sensitization was induced by basic OVA-sensitization combined with colon mustard oil instillation in 44 female SD rats. All rats were then divided into control group (n= 14,infusion with 0.9% NaCl solution), model group (n= 14) and N/OFQ group (n= 16, infusion with N/OFQ). The anti-nociceptive effect of N/OFQ were evaluated by using the visceromotor response (VMR) to grade bladder distention (0. 5～2.0 ml, 20 s). Bladder function was evaluated with the cystometry by measuring voiding pressure and micturition frequency. Results The rats in model group had a significant increase of VMR response at 1.0 ml, 1.5 ml and 2.0 ml of pressure when compared to those in control group (P=0. 006,0. 015 and 0. 0331, respectively). However, N/OFQ treatment was able to reverse the increased VMR response in N/OFQ group at 1.5 ml and 2.0 ml of pressure (P=0. 016 and 0. 031, respectively). It was showed that mustard oil significantly reduced bladdervoiding pressure (P＜0. 01) and significantly increased micturition frequency (P＜0.01)in model group when compared to control group. The N/OFQ reversed the decrease of voiding pressure (P=0. 0038) and the increase of micturition frequency in N/OFQ group( P = 0. 001). Conclusions These findings indicate that the rat model of cross-organ sensitization was able to be established successfully by the basic OVA-sensitization combined with colon mustard oil instillation. N/OFQ has an antinociceptive effect on cross-organ hypersensitivity and attenuates changes in bladder urodynamic function.