Tumor cells have different physiological and biochemical features as compared to normal cells;abnormal expressi of certain genes is also found in tumor cells.Over-expression of genes provide targets for targeted-administration of drugs,which can avoid damage to normal cells during treatment of tumors.Fatty acid synthase(FAS)and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)are both over-expressed in some tumor cells.Herceptin,an HER2-targeted agent,has been used to treat HER2-positive breast cancer patients worldwide and has obtained satisfactory outcome.Cerulomycin,an agent-targeting FAS,is now in FDA clinical trial.Recent researches have shown that FAS and HER2 are simultaneously over-expressed in some tumors,such as breast cancer cells and ovarian cancer cells;and there is a connection between their signal pathways and a synergistic effect between them.This paper reviews the relationship between FAS and HER2 in tumor cells.

The increased binding of serum a-fetoprotein (AFP) from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to fucose-recognizing lectins has been reported. In order to study the enzymatic basis of this alteration, the serum activities of a-L-fucosidase (AFU) and fucosylated AFP (F-AFP) were determined in serum samples from 90 patients with HCC. Serum F-AFP levels were not related with serum AFU activities in HCC patients. When HCC patients grouped according to AFU activities were analyzed, the mean F-AFP level in 47 patients with a AFU activity below 550 nmol. ml-1. h-1 was 40%?23%, while the corresponding value for 43 patients with a AFU activity above 550 nmol . ml-1. h-1 was 45%?22%. No statistical significance was found between these values. The results indicate that changes in sugar chain structure of AFP in HCC patients do not result from increased or decreased activities of serum AFU.

Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of advanced primary liver cancer under the chemother-apy of hyperthermia combined with EOF approach.Methods 75 patient samples who had advanced primary liver cancer in total were chosen and were divided into the two groups randomly.The control group containing 37 patient samples had advanced primary liver cancer which would be applied with EOF approach.The treatment group contai-ning 38 samples had advanced primary liver cancer.The treatment strategy was to apply EOF approach combined with high -frequency hyperthermia in vitro.Results The total rate of efficiency on the treatment group and control group was 73.68% vs 48.6%.The DCR rate was 92.1% versus 56.8%,1 year survival rate was 57.8% versus 45.9%and 2 years survival rate was 10.5% versus 5.4% which showed that the results of the treatment group was obviously better than that of the control group.Conclusion The method that combining the chemotherapy of hyperthermia with EOF to treat advanced primary liver cancer can obviously improve clinical efficacy and survival period.What′s better is that this approach will not increase the toxicity of chemotherapy.

Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; drug therapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; drug therapy ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating

To prepare the polyclonal antibody against the 3D polymerase of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), the 3D polymerase gene of this virus was amplified by PCR and doubly digested with BamH I and Nde I. Then, it were cloned into expression vector pET-30a(+) to obtain the recombinant plasmid pET-3D and this plasmid was transformed to E.coli BL21(DE3) with induction by IPTG.The target protein was identified and purified with SDS+PAGE, and the inclusion bodies were extracted. The purified target protein was used as antigen to immunize New Zealand rabbits to prepare the polyclonal antibody against 3D polymerase of FMDV, which was then characterized by indirect ELISA and Western blotting. As demonstrated by SDS-PAGE, the target protein with a molecular weight at 46 ku was expressed. The polyclonal antibody showed high affinity and obvious specificity and its titer was above 1:8 000. This polyclonal antibody may lay a foundation for the further studies on the biological functions and epitopes of the 3D polymerase of FMDV.

In this paper, wavelet moudulus maxima based multifractal analysis was used to study the multifractal characteristics of the atrial premature beat (APB) signal, the premature ventricular contraction (PVC) signal and normal ECG signal. By analyzing the multifractal spectrum, it was obtained that three kinds of signals had different multifractal strengths. Normal ECG signals had the strongest singularity strength. The PVC beats had the second stronger singularity strength. And the APB beats had the weakest singularity strength. The T test indicated that above-mentioned analysis could disclose significant differences among these three signals. It has meaningful reference for clinical diagnosing and distinguishing with PVC and APB signals.
Atrial Premature Complexes ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Ventricular Premature Complexes ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Wavelet Analysis

Objective:To explore the possible mechanism of Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19kDa-interacting protein 3-like (also known as NIX) mediating mitophagy in PC12 cells.Methods:The PC12 cells (rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells) were cultured in a hypoxic incubator with a volume fraction of 1% O 2 to establish hypoxic injury models. The cells were divided into normoxia group and hypoxia groups at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after cells were exposed to hypoxic conditions. Afterwards, the expression levels of NIX, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOMM20), and cyclooxegenase 4 (COX4) were determined by Western blot analysis. Electron microscopy was used to observe the formation of autophagosomes after 24 hours of hypoxia. The mitochondria-NIX-LC3-autophagosome complexes were detected by confocal microscopy after the overexpression of NIX for 48 hours. The interaction between NIX and LC3 was verified by Co-immunoprecipitation (CoIP). After downregulation of NIX, the changes in mitochondria morphology were detected by confocal microscopy. The PC12 cells were divided into normoxia group, normoxia+ NIXshRNA group, hypoxia group and hypoxia+ NIXshRNA group, then the expression levels of NIX, LC3, TOMM20 and COX4 in each group were detected via Western blotting. Results:Compared to normoxia group, hypoxia group showed up-regulated expressions of NIX and LC3 [(0.44±0.03)∶(0.21±0.01), (1.04±0.03)∶(0.32±0.01)], and down-regulated expressions of TOMM20 and COX4 [(0.78±0.07)∶(1.46±0.08), (0.52±0.04)∶(0.98±0.06)] after 24 hours of hypoxia ( P<0.05). Autophagosomes containing mitochondria were detected by electron microscopy after 24 hours of hypoxia. The formation of the mitochondria-NIX-LC3-autophagosome complex were detected by confocal microscopy after the overexpression of NIX for 48 hours. CoIP demonstrated an interaction between NIX and LC3. Furthermore, inhibition of NIX preserved the integrity of the mitochondria compared with hypoxia group. Western blot analysis showed decreased expressions of NIX and LC3 in hypoxia+ NIXshRNA group [(0.90±0.04)∶ (1.30±0.19), (0.55±0.03)∶(0.75±0.03)] and increased expressions of TOMM20 and COX4 [(0.78±0.06)∶( 0.69±0.08), (0.81±0.07)∶( 0.81±0.07) in comparison to hypoxia group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:NIX can interact with LC3 to mediate mitophagy in PC12 cells. Therefore, the inhibition of NIX can preserve the integrity of the mitochondria and decrease the level of mitophagy, thus provide a protective effect.

OBJECTIVETo investigate potential mutation of the ASS1 gene in a male infant with acute citrullinemia type I.

METHODSGenomic DNA was prepared from peripheral blood samples of the family members. Mutation analysis of the 14 ASS1 exons was carried out by PCR and direct DNA sequencing.

RESULTSA homozygous missense mutation of c.970G>A located in exon 13, which results in p.G324S, was identified in the child. Sequencing of the parents showed a heterozygous status for the same mutation.

CONCLUSIONA missense mutation of c.970G>A in the ASS1 gene is responsible for the pathogenesis of the disease in the infant.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Argininosuccinate Synthase ; chemistry ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Citrullinemia ; genetics ; Gene Order ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation, Missense ; Protein Conformation ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Objective To evaluate the effect of bundles of care on the prevention of postoperative delirium among elderly patients with hip fractures.Methods A prospective randomized case control study was conducted on 80 patients (≥65 years old) with hip fractures from March 2017 to June 2017.The patients were divided into experimental group (n =43) and control group (n =37) according to the random number table method.The experimental group received bundles of care,while the control group received routine nursing.The patients in both groups were all surgically treated,and the confusion assessment method (CAM) was applied to diagnose delirium after surgery.Gender,age,fracture type,duration from injury to operation,internal fixation type,operation time,total amount of bleeding,visual analogue scale (VAS),incidence of delirium,complications,and adverse events were compared between the two groups.Results Among the 80 patients,there were 11 males and 69 females,aged averagely 79.3 years (range,65-95 years).No significant differences were found between experiment group and control group in terms of gender (male:6 cases vs.5 cases,females:37 cases vs.32 cases),age [(79.8 ± 7.8) years vs.(78.7 ± 8.9) years],cause of injury (traffic injuries:7 cases vs.4 cases;falling injuries:36 cases vs.33 cases),duration from injury to operation [(66.1 ±14.3)hours vs.(63.4 ±14.9) hours],fracture type (femoral neck:13 cases vs.10 cases;intertrochanteric:26 cases vs.24 cases;subtrochanteric:4 cases vs.3 cases),internal fixation type (artificial total hip:5 cases vs.5 cases;artificial femoral head:8 cases vs.5 cases;PFNA:29 cases vs.27 cases),operation time [(55.5 ± 16.8) minutes vs.(51.6 ± 17.0) minutes],total blood loss [(114.4 ± 73.9) ml vs.(108.1 ±72.0) ml] (P ＞ 0.05).After bundles of care intervention,the postoperative VAS [(2.2 ± 0.8) points vs.(4.3 ± 1.2) points],postoperative delirium incidence (9％ vs.32％),incidence of complications and adverse events (2％ vs.19％) in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Bundles of care can relieve the pain and effectively reduce the incidences of postoperative delirium,complications,and adverse events in elderly patients with hip fracture.

Twelve compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis by macroporous resin, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI and ODS column chromatographies. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data as gleditsioside A(1), gleditsioside B(2), gleditsioside H(3), gleditsioside I(4), gleditsioside J(5), gleditsioside K(6), gleditsia saponins C′(7), tamarixetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8), neohesperidin(9), chrysoeirol-7-O-neohesperidoside(10); syringaresinol- O-β-D-glucopyranoside(11), liriodendrin(12). Compounds 8-12 were firstly isolated from this genus.