Objective To study the epidemiology of hand,foot,and mouth disease (HFMD) and the spectrum of serotypes in the other enterovirus (EV) (non-EV-A71 and non-Coxsaekievirus group A 16,CV-A 16) from 2016 to 2017 in Guangzhou,to provide the basis for its treatment,prevention and control.Methods Enteroviruses universal type,EV-A71 and CV-A16 were detected by real time reverse transeription-polymerase chain reaction in the specimens from HFMD suspected patients from 2016 to 2017.The positive specimens of non-EV-A71 and non-CV-A16 were amplified and sequenced based on 5'-untranslated region (UTR) region.The spectrum of serotypes was analyzed with BLAST in NCBI on the basis of 5'-UTR region.Results A total of 25779 specimens from HFMD patients were collected during 2016-2017,16 300 (63.23 ％) of which were positive.The positive rates of EV-A71,CV-A16,non-EV-A71 and non-CV-A16 were 4.57％ (1 178/25 779),12.70％ (3 274/25 779) and 45.96％ (11 848/25779),respectively.The average positive rate of non-EV-A71 and non-CV-A16 in 2017 was 55.68％,which was higher than that in 2016.Sequence analysis showed that there were 16 genotypes in 95 non-EV-A71 and non-CV-A16 positive specimen,including CV-A6,CV-A10,CV-A4,CV-A2,CV-A8,CV-A12,CV-A9,Coxsakievirus B5 (CV-B5),CV-B2,CV-B4,CV-B3,Echovirus 1 (E1),E16,E30,E2 and E18.CV-A6 (26.32％),and CV-A10 (15.79％) were the most common genotypes,followed by CV-A4 (6.32％)、CV-A8(4.21％),and CV-A2 (4.21％).Conclusions The infection rate of EV-A71 is very low during 2016-2017.From April to July 2016,there is a small peak of CV-A16 infection.The non-EV-A71 and non-CV-A16 enterovirus becomes the main causative agent of HFMD during 2016 to 2017.CV-A6 and CV-A10 are the most prevalent pathogens of non-EV-A71 and non-CV-A16 enterovirus.Research and monitoring of CV-A6,CV-A10 as the main non-EV-A71and non-CV-A16 virus should be strengthened.

Liver cancer is a prevalent and highly malignant cancer worldwide,with 90％of cases being hepatocellular carcinoma,presenting a significant risk to human health.As early-stage liver cancer often lacks specific manifestations,most patients with liver cancer are already in the middle and late stage of the disease when liver cancer is diagnosed,thus,missing the opportunity for optimal radical treatment.However,the exploration of the treatment for middle and advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma has never ceased.In recent years,transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)has been included in the standard treatment regimens for primary hepatocellular carcinoma.With the advancement of multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment,various treatment options to reduce the burden of liver cancer lesion with satisfactory therapeutic results have been reported and have been widely used in clinical practice,e.g.hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy(HAIC),targeted therapy,and immunotherapy in combination with TACE,which have significantly improved the overall survival of patients with liver cancer.This paper aims to make a comprehensive review about the latest progress of combination use of TACE and other therapies in reducing tumor burden and improving patient survival in the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma,and to summarize the key issues in combination therapy that require more in-depth research.(J Intervent Radiol,2024,33:688-692)