Objective: To approach the effects of glutamine supplementation on plasma and muscle levels of glutamine, and the activities of tissue glutamine synthetase and glutaminase after high intensity exercise. Methods: BAL/C mice were randomly divided into high intensity exercise(2% body weight load) and control groups to swim 2 hours per day for 8 weeks. Results: To compare with control group, high intensity exercise reduced glutamine levels in plasma and muscle by 74% (P

Objective To analysis the biomechanical properties of four-rod fixation system for lumbosacral reconstruction after sacrectomy.Methods Two finite element models of lumbosacral area were established according to pelvic CT images:a subtotal saerectomy model and a total sacrectomy model.The range of motion of L3 vertebral body and max yon Mise stress of instruments of a novel four-rod fixation system were evaluated and compared with those of modified Galveston technique(MGT)under conditions of veaebral body and max von Mise stress of instruments of the four-rod fixation system were evaluated and compared with those of MGT under vertical compression.Results In subtotal sacreetomy model,the range of motion of L3 vertebral body in the four-rod fixation system were 4.2 mm,0.49°,0.49°,0.24°and 0.26°compared to 5.5 mm.0.74°,0.74°,0.27°and 0.30°in the MGT.The max von Mise stress of instruments in the four-rod fixation system were 810.7,148.0,148.0,134.6 and 14.4 MPa,compared to 655.0,109.9,109.9,119.1 and 11.4 MPa in the MGT.In total sacrectomy model under veaical compression,the range of motion of L3 vertebral body and max van Mise stress of instruments in the four-rod fixation system were 10.9mm and 2172 MPa compared to 49.1 mm and 4325 MPa in the MGT.Conclnsion Comparing with the MGT.the four-rod fixation system was stiffer and showed a significant increase in the stability of lumbosacral area.When total sacrectomy without bone graft were performed,the max stress of the four-rod fixation system was much lower than that of the MGT,which means smaller risk of instrument failure.When subtotal sacrectomy or bone graft were performed,despite better stability,the higher stress shielding-effect of the four-rod fixation svstem might be unfavorable for bone fusion,which still need to be evaluated by clinical trials.

The ?-radioactive seed brachytherapy source has been widely employed in the implantation therapy for the prostatic carcinoma and the ophthalmic lesions.In this study the dosimetric parameters for characterization of a low-energy interstitial brachytherapy source 125I were calculated according to dose calculation formalism recommended by AAPM TG-43U1.For data processing,a 0.28 cm active length was used for the geometry function.The dosimetry parameter air-Kerma strength,dose rate constant,radial dose function and anisotropy function were estimated by means of the EGS5 Monte Carlo code.The results obtained from this study are in good agreement with the corresponding values recommended by TG-43U1 and with the data reported by Dolan,et al.

Objective To analyze the cases of anaphylactic death cases and explore the standards of judi-cial expertise of anaphylactic death for providing evidence for judicial expertise. Methods Fifty-nine cas-es death due to allergic reaction in Shanghai were collected. And details of medical history, clinical manifestation of anaphylactic reaction and postm ortem exam ination findings were review ed for all cases. Results In the 59 cases, there were 58 cases died from drug allergy, including 77.6% of them were an-tibiotics. The rates of treating in standard hospital and illegal clinic were 37.3% and 61.0%, respectively. The allergic sym ptom s were dyspnea and facial cyanosis. The time from contacting allergens to death ranged from 1 m in to 3 d. The concentration of total serum IgE ranged from 50 to 576.92 IU/m L . The results of clinical manifestation and pathological anatomy had obviously changes. Conclusion B ased on the exclusion of all other cause of death and synthetically analysis of details of cases, medical history, clinical manifestation and anatomy, the conclusion of anaphylactic death can reached. The details of cas-es including clinical history, exposure to allergens, and clinical manifestation play an im portant role in diagnosis of anaphylactic death.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy and reliability of linear measurements using cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) system and to provide theoretical application of CBCT in oral implantation. Methods Ten experimental models of different toothless mandibles mixed with 10% of barium sulfate were used in this study. All these mandible models were marked with gutta-percha markers to standardize the plane of the transverse cross-sections and path of measurements. The mandible models were imaged using Mayer SS-X9010D CBCT device. Measurements were taken with DCT Viewer software and compared with measurements recorded directly in the mandible models using vernier caliper. A paired sample t-test was performed to compare difference between CBCT measurement and vernier caliper measurement. Less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The differences of vertical lines between CBCT and vernier caliper were (-0.089 5±0.220 0) mm in anterior teeth area and (-0.083 0±0.190 0) mm in posterior teeth area. The differences of vertical lines between CBCT and vernier caliper were (-0.052 0 ± 0.140 0) mm in anterior teeth area and (-0.084 7 ± 0.320 0) mm in posterior teeth area. The corresponding t values were-1.784,-1.981,-1.621 and-1.684, respectively. All the P values were greater than 0.05. There was no significant difference between CBCT measurement and vernier caliper measurement. Conclusions CBCT is auseful tool to provide good accuracy and precision of linear measurement in dental implants.

Aim The m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein was expressed by baculovirus-Sf9 cells system, then using it to identify the specific agonists and antagonists for m_5AChR via detecting the affinity of GDP and m_5AChR-G_ 11?. Methods The m_5AChR-G_ 11? fused cDNAs were generated via a two-step PCR protocol and inserted into pBacPAK9 virus vector. We expressed m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein and m_5AChR protein using baculovirus-Sf9 cell system. [ 3H]QNB and [ 35S]GTP?S binding tests were performed to detect the expressional level of receptor proteins and determine the affinity of GDP and m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein. Results The expression level of m_5AChR-G_ 11? was (47.6?3.2) nmol?g -1 protein. The affinity of GDP to G_ 11? partner changed in the presence of different muscarinic ligands. IC_ 50 values of GDP in the presence of ACh, YM796, Oxotremorine, Methixene, Dextimide and atropine were 128.0, 72.1, 68.5, 16.2, 14.9 and 9.7 ?mol?L -1 respectively, and that in the absence of muscarinic ligand was 20.8 ?mol?L -1. Conclusion The m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein has the pharmacological specificity of M_5 receptor and the efficient coupling interaction of the two partner. Affinity of GDP to ligand bound m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein represents the species of muscarinic ligands. ACh is a full agonist for m_5AChR-G_ 11? fusion protein, YM796 and oxotremorine are partial agonists, while methixene, dextimide and atropine are antagonists.

Objective To analyze characteristics and prophylaxis of pulmonary embolism (PE) after greater saphenous vein ligation and stripping.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and treatment of 11 inpatients with postoperative PE in Anhui Provincial Hospital and other hospitals from January 2008 to June 2013.Results In this group 6 patients died after failed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and other treatments,the mortality was 54.5％.5 patients recovered after anticoagulation,thrombolysis and other treatments.During the process of thrombolysis,floating thrombus was found within the femoral vein in 2 patients and inferior vena cava filter was implanted.After 8-25 months follow-up,all 5 patients were free of difficulty of breathing,chest tightness,chest pain and other symptoms.Among many clinical manifestations,dyspnea (90.9％) was the most common,other clinical manifestations included chest pain (27.3％),syncope (18.2％),sudden death (18.2％).There was no typical triad of dyspnea,chest pain and hemoptysis in these patients.Conclusions Early diagnosis and early treatment of PE are most important to decrease mortality and to improve the prognosis of patients suffering from postoperative PE.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of breast implant on congenital mammary dysplasia with mild pigeon chest deformity. Methods From January 2003 to July 2009,10 cases of female mammary dysplasia (between 20 to 31 years of age) underwent breast implant surgery. Subpectoral placement and transaxillary incision were selected. The surgeon marked the range of the operation on the skin, made a 3-4 cm incision in the armpit, separated the tissue until the pectoral lateral margin, cut the pecto-ralis fascia and bluntly created a suitable pocket under the pectoralis major for the implant. After the implant was placed in the pocket, the incision was closed. Results Ten cases of breast implant surgery did not pose the complications of local skin necrosis, infection, implant shift, heart and lungs dysfunction after one year follow-up. The appearance of anterior chest wall deformity was markedly improved. Conclusions The application of breast implant surgery in the treatment of congenital mammary dysplasia with mild pigeon chest deformity should be promoted, because of the double surgical effect of easy performing, minimal surgical damage, perfect breast shape and concealed deformity.

Objective To study the susceptible factors of atherosclerotic stenosis before the coronary artery myocardial bridges.Methods The data from 88 myocardial bridge cases which received coronary angiography were statistically analyzed.Sixty-seven cages which suffered from atherosclerofic stenesis in proximal of the myocardial bridges were recruited into group A,and the other 21 cases which suffered no atherosclerotic stenosis or from atherosclerotic stenosis in distal of the myocardial bridges were mcmited into group B.Difference of the age,gender,length of myocardial bridge,systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),pulse pressure (PP),the oppression degree of myocardial bridge (Nobel classification),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),and blood fat,and so on,in two groups,were observed and statistically analyzed.Results The difference of the Nobel classification,SBP and PP in two groups showed a statistical significance (P＜0.05).While the difference of the age,gender,length of myocardial bridge,DBP,FPG,total cholesterol,low-density hpoprotein in two groups showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05).A further regression analysis suggested that Nobel classification and PP had a correlation with the comphcation of stonosis before the myocardial bridge (r=3.0569,0.9740,P＜0.05).Conclusions High blood pressure cases are liable to suffer from myocardial bridge.Myocardial bridges themselves trend to promote or accelerate the atherosclerotic stenosis of the coronary arteries before.them.The oppression degree of myocardial bridge and PP has a correlation with the complication of stenosis before the myocardial bridge,while has no correlations with age,gender,bloodfat,SBP,DBP,FPG,length of myocardial bridge,and so on.