BACKGROUND: It has been widely accepted that both bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into neural lineages. Some scholars believe that in addition to HSCs and MSCs, bone marrow (BM) also harbors a highly mobile population of CXCR4+ tissue committed stem cells (TCSCs), including skeletal muscles, heart, liver, and neural tissue. OBJECTIVE: To make sure that neural tissue-committed stem cells (NTCSCs) reside in the bone marrow, and to establish a purification and culture method for bone marrow-derived NTCSCs.DESIGN: Opening animal study.SETTING: Department of Anatomy, the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS: Adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (pathogen-free) were provided by the Animal Center of the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium (DMEM)/F12, B27, N2 and epidermal growth factor (EGF, Invitrogen Company), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, CytoLab Ltd), rabbit anti-rat Nestin,CXCR4, β-Tublin Ⅲ, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, Santa Cruz Company), mouse anti-rat microtubule associated protein 2ab (MAP2ab) (Clone11-5B), cyclic nucleotide 3'phosphohydrolase (CNPase, Clone AP20, NeoMarkers Company), fluorescent(fluorescein isothiocyanate, Cy3) marker reagents (Wuhan Boster Bioengineering Co., Ltd), nuclear fluorescent dyes 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI)(Sigma), immunohistochemistry reagents (Vector Laboratories Company) , and NycoPrepTM separation liquid (1.077A, Axis-Shield Company) were used in this study.METHODS: This study was performed in the Department of Anatomy, the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January 2004 to December 2006. Bone marrow was harvested from bilateral femurs and tibias of 2-3 weeks SD rats. Mononuclear cell layer was isolated by NycoPrepTM separation liquid and suspended in DMEM/F12(1:1)serum-free medium supplemented with 2% B27,1% N2, 20 μg/L bFGF, 20μg/L EGF, 1×105 U/L penicillin and 100 mg/L streptomycin. NTCSCs were isolated and propagated by suspensive growing from adherent cells in bone marrow in DMEM/F12 free-serum medium. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: NTCSCs were identified by immunocytochemistry for CXCR4, a marker of TCSCs and nestin, a marker of neural stem cells, and neural lineages marker protein after differentiation of cellular spheres. RESULTS: The NTCSCs spheres expressed nestin, a neural stem cell marker as well as CXCR4, a marker of TCSCs. The NTCSCs' spheres were naturally differentiated in DMEM medium with 15% fetal bovine serum. The differentiated cells expressed β-Tublin Ⅲ, MAP2ab, CNPase and GFAP, markers of neural lineages. CONCLUSION: NTCSCs reside in bone marrow and naturally differentiate into neural lineages in vitro.

Objective: To observe the effect of partial nasal alar cartilage reconstruction with autogenous costal cartilage for nasal tip contour improvement. Methods: From Feb. 2014 to Mar. 2016, 82 Chinese Han patients received rhinoplasty, including the requirement of nasal tip contour improvement. The cortical slices(0.1 cm in thickness) were used to augment the medial and middle crus of alar cartilage. Results: Eighty-two cases were followed up for 11.7 months in average. One case(1.1%) with tip projection reduction and 2 cases(2.3%) with superior rotation of nasal tip underwent secondary operation with satisfactory result. Good result was achieved in all the other patients with no complication. Conclusions Partial nasal alar cartilage reconstruction with autogenous costal cartilage is effective for improvement of nasal tip contour in Orientals.

Objective To investigate the clinical,imaging and pathological characteristics of angiocentric gliomas (AG) in Chinese patients,and provide opinions for diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods Eight patients with AG confirmed by histology in our hospital from January 1,2011 to March 31,2015,were chosen in our study;the clinical,imaging,and pathological data were retrospectively analyzed.Results In these 8 patients,one had onset of dizzy giddy and the other 7 had onset of epilepsy.T1-weighted imaging hypointense signal and T2-weighted imaging isointense or hyperintense signals were noted.CT scan showed calcification in 3 patients.Pathology indicated WHO grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ gliomas.Neoplastic cells were bipolar,round,oval or spindle shaped around capillary,and they expressed both glial markers (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and neuronal markers (neuronal nuclei antigen and synaptophysin).MR imaging showed that all the 8 patients got total resection,and follow up of 6-47 months recorded no epileptic seizure,neoplasm recurrence or death.Conclusions AG is a kind of low-grade glioma in children or young adults.And it may be a mixed neuronal-glial neoplasm originating from radial glia,enjoying good surgical effects.

Objective: To observe the anatomical layers and important vascular structures in the main periorbital regions of the human body, and to provide some anatomical basis for clinical periorbital fat injection. Methods: During January 2018 to December 2018, 12 (24 sides) cadavers (6 males and 6 females, 47.5±11.7 years old) were selected. Their orbital tissues were dissected routinely and microdissected. The important blood vessels and tissues around the orbit were measured by electronic vernier caliper. The related matters needing attention in fat injection filling were analyzed according to references. Results: The main structural areas around the orbit included eyelid, eyebrow and lacrimal groove deformities. The thickness of eyelid skin was (0.09±0.03) mm. The thickness of eyebrow skin was (3.45±0.38) mm. Vascular (diameter ranged from 1 mm to 3 mm) distribution was abundant in this area. The inner diameter of dorsal nasal artery, supraorbital artery and trochlear artery were (0.73±0.42) mm, (0.88±0.37) mm and (0.71±0.51) mm respectively. Facial artery, maxillary artery and superficial temporal artery with internal diameters of (2.96±0.88) mm, (1.92±0.33) mm and (1.35±0.15) mm, respectively. Conclusions The entrance of upper eyelid injection is usually in the eyebrow tail or middle eyebrow, and fat is injected into the deep surface of orbicularis oculi muscle. The injection range is limited to the medial 2/3 of upper eyelid, the medial 1/3 of lower eyebrow and the lateral part of eyebrow. It is suggested that single layer microinjection of fat (0.5 ml to 1.5 ml) could be used. Lower eyelid fat transplantation is mainly used to correct deformities at the eyelid-cheek junction. The aim is to reduce the V-shaped deformity at the eyelid-cheek junction by increasing the fullness. Injection can be made by blunt needle into the inner, outer and middle part of the deformity. Fat can be injected into SOOF layer or periosteum in the palpebral and cheek sulcus area. The injection volume is 0.5-1.0 ml.