DNA microarray has become an essential medical genetic diagnostic tool for its high-throughput, miniaturization and automation. The design and selection of oligonucleotide probes are critical for preparing gene chips with high quality. Several sets of probe design software have been developed and are available to perform this work now. Every set of the software aims to different target sequences and shows different advantages and limitations. In this article, the research and development of these sets of software are reviewed in line with three main criteria, including specificity, sensitivity and melting temperature (Tm). In addition, based on the experimental results from literatures, these sets of software are classified according to their applications. This review will be helpful for users to choose an appropriate probe-design software. It will also reduce the costs of microarrays, improve the application efficiency of microarrays, and promote both the research and development (R&D) and commercialization of high-performance probe design software.
Base Sequence ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Software ; Software Design

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value and misdiagnosis cause of echocardiography (UCG) and CT in aorto-left ventricular tunnel (ALVT). Methods UCG and CT of 5 patients who were diagnosed as ALVT by surgical operation during August 2010 to October 2014 in Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital were reviewed and analyzed. Results By UCG, 4 cases were diagnosed as ALVT. The abnormal tunnel between aortic root and left ventricle could be clearly displayed with two dimensional echocardiography. On color Doppler flow image (CDFI), it could be clearly demonstrated that the blood flow went into aorta from left ventricle in systolic period via aortic valves and ALVT, and back to left ventricle in diastolic period via ALVT. Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) was found in 2 patients, and aortic valve reflux in 1 patient. According to Hovaquimian classification, 2/4 patients were diagnosed as ALVT of typeⅠ, and other 2 patients as ALVT of typeⅡ. One case was misdiagnosed as left coronary artery-left ventricle fistula. By CT, 2 cases were diagnosed as ALVT and 1 case was misdiagnosed as left coronary artery-left ventricle fistula. Conclusion The combination of UCG and CT is a reliable technique in the diagnosis of ALVT, which has significance in therapeutic strategy making and prognosis prediction.

Retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 15 chronic insertion achilles tendinitis patients undergoing platelet-rich plasma (PRP) trigger point injection.The scores of Validated Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles (VAS-A) and foot function index (FFI) improved greatly versus pre-treatment (all P ＜ 0.05).Tendon insertion structure inflammation decreased significantly on magnetic resonance imaging.At the last follow-up,all patients recovered normal gait and daily activity.The trigger point injection of PRP is efficacious for chronic insertion achilles tendinopathy.

Objective To set up a living mice colonoscopy platform to establish an orthotopic model of colorectal cancer in mice under direct vision,and to observe its biological behavior such as metastasis.Methods Eighteen-week-old male C57/BL mice were anesthetized,and the intestinal lumen of the mice was examined by a self-developed living mice colonoscopy and Olympus URF-P5 ureteroscopy,respectively.The imaging effects of the two methods were compared.Human colon cancer HT-29 cells were injected into the colonic mucosa of BALB/c-nu mice under direct vision.The colonoscopy was performed on the 3rd,7th and 15th day after the injection to observe the tumor formation in the intestinal lumen.The mice were sacrificed when the body weight decreased significantly or cachexia appeared,and then the abdominal cavity was examined including the tumor formation and metastasis.Results The self-developed living mice colonoscopy platform can provide clear vision of enteric cavity,and no mice died in the colonoscopy examination.In vivo subcutaneous injection of HT-29 cells in mice was performed with a perforation rate of 15％,a mortality rate of 33.3％,a tumor formation rate of 62.5％,an abdominal metastasis rate of 60％,a liver metastasis rate of 25％,and an abdominal wall transfer rate of 25％.Conclusion The self-developed mice colonoscopy platform can be used for the study of colorectum in living mice.The imaging effect is no less than that of Olympus URF-P5 ureteroscopy.In addition,an orthotopic colorectal cancer model can be established by this platform combing with submucosal injection technology.

To construct an intelligent appointment register platform for clinical examination in large-scale hospitals can improve the utilization efficiency of medical resources and shorten the waiting period of patients for examination. In this study, a knowledge base of medical examination information was built through the investigation of general hospital, and all examination systems and items were integrated into the appointment register platform, so that all examinations were appointed based on the principle of completing all tests in the shortest time, thus building a unified intelligent appointment register platform for the hospital. From that, the average appointment register procedure of examinations has been shorten after launching the intelligent platform, labor costs of appointment register center and inpatient legwork have been saved, all examinations of inpatients can be finished in 48 hours, and patient satisfaction has been improved obviously.

Objective:To develop the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of Quality of Life Instruments for Cancer Patients-Leukemia (QLICP-LE) (V2.0).Methods:The quality of life of 101 patients with leukemia in First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and First People′s Hospital of Yunnan Province from October 2011 to May 2012 were measured. The QLICP-LE (V2.0) was used for data collection, and the MCID for the overall score and scores of various domains of QLICP-LE (V2.0) were established by using the distribution-based approach including indexes of effect size, standard error of measurement (SEM), reliable change index, standardized response mean and responsiveness statistic, and the recommended values of MCID were determined through the consensus method.Results:The MCID formulated by the above five indexes were as follows: the total scale 1.4-9.3, physical functional domain 1.6-15.6, psychological functional domain 2.9-15.6, social functional domain 2.2-18.0, common symptoms and side-effects domain 1.7-17.1, common module 1.8-10.0, and the specific module 1.1-12.1. Through the expert consensus method, it was recommended to use the MCID results calculated by 1.96SEM: the total scale was 4, physical domain was 8, psychological domain was 8, social domain was 9, common symptoms and side-effects domain was 9, common module was 4, and the specific module was 6.Conclusion:Each index of distribution-based approach has its own advantages and disadvantages, which can be selected based on actual conditions. There is clinical significance when the score change of QLICP-LE (V2.0) of leukemia patients after treatment exceeds its MCID.