Objective:To investigate the monitoring value of echocardiography for atrial septostomy during the treatment of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO).Methods:Sixteen patients underwent atrial septostomy during the treatment of ECMO in Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital from Jan.2017 to Dec.2019 were included. The diameter of the ostomy, the direction of interatrial shunt, the tricuspid regurgitation degree and the pulmonary artery pressure were measured by echocardiography daily after atrial septostomy.Results:There were no significant differences in the diameter of the ostomy in 16 patients(the range of coefficient of variation 0.86%-4.77%). The direction of interatrial shunt changed gradually from right - left atrial shunt to left - right atrial shunt. Pulmonary arterial pressure decreased gradually(the range of coefficient of variation 14.70%-32.13%) as estimated by tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient.Conclusions:Atrial septostomy is an effective measure to relieve right heart pressure and improve right heart function in patients with ECMO. The echocardiography can be helpful for the monitoring of atrial septostomy.

Objective To assess the feasibility and accuracy of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in screening patients,intraoperative guidance of occluder releasing and efficacy assessment in the patients of percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion with Watchman.Methods Ultrasonic instrument Philips iE33(proble model X7-3t) were used to measure the maximum diameter and the depth of LAA ostium in enrolled patients by TEE,and intraoperative guided puncture of interatial septum,positioning Watchman transmission system and instruction closure release under TEE,immediate evaluate the postoperative therapeutic effect and record the complications by TEE.At 45 days after implantation,patients should repeat TEE to assess the efficacy.Results Eighteen patients underwent device implantation.Seventeen patients implant successfully,except one patient can't implant device beacuse of the LAA morphologe was not suitable.There was one patient showing thrombus formation on the surface of device,one patient of LAA and the device axial angulation was 90 °.At 45 days after implantaion,16 patients were fullowed up,there were no major stroke at all.Conclusions TEE has important application value in screening of preoperative patients,intraoperative guidance of occluder releasing and efficacy assessment in the patients of percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion with Watchman.

Objective To investigate the value of echocardiography in monitoring the treatment of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS).Methods A total of 21 patientss were included into the present study,who were treated by ECMO due to CS in Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015.The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and Tei index were measured by echocardiography before,in the middle of (flow reduced to one half)and immediately after the process of ECMO.The systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) were also recorded,and the parameters were compared.The differences of LVEF,Tei index,SBP and SaO2 among different phases of ECMO were compared by using one-way ANOVA and LSD-t test.The differences of heart beat rate,the diameters of left ventricle,diameters of inferior vena cava,subsidence rate of inferior vena cava,pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and central venous pressure among different phases of ECMO were also compared by paired-samples t test.Results Compared with the pre-ECMO level,the LVEF increased during and immediately after the ECMO (t=31.952,59.404,both P ＜ 0.01),while the Tei index decreased significantly (t=34.406,58.969,both P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the pre-ECMO level,the SBP,SaO2 and subsidence rate of inferior vena cava all increased during and immediately after the ECMO,while the diameter of left ventricle,pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and central venous pressure all decreased significantly (t=7.382,37.785,-11.286,3.294,13.923,16.971,all P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05).In contrast,there was no significant change for the parameters of heart beat rate and diameter of inferior vena cava.Conclusion When treating CS patients with ECMO,the echocardiography can monitor the cardiac function effectively,and provide important parameters for the clinical doctors to estimate the ECMO efficacy and decide the weaning time.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value and misdiagnosis cause of echocardiography (UCG) and CT in aorto-left ventricular tunnel (ALVT). Methods UCG and CT of 5 patients who were diagnosed as ALVT by surgical operation during August 2010 to October 2014 in Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital were reviewed and analyzed. Results By UCG, 4 cases were diagnosed as ALVT. The abnormal tunnel between aortic root and left ventricle could be clearly displayed with two dimensional echocardiography. On color Doppler flow image (CDFI), it could be clearly demonstrated that the blood flow went into aorta from left ventricle in systolic period via aortic valves and ALVT, and back to left ventricle in diastolic period via ALVT. Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) was found in 2 patients, and aortic valve reflux in 1 patient. According to Hovaquimian classification, 2/4 patients were diagnosed as ALVT of typeⅠ, and other 2 patients as ALVT of typeⅡ. One case was misdiagnosed as left coronary artery-left ventricle fistula. By CT, 2 cases were diagnosed as ALVT and 1 case was misdiagnosed as left coronary artery-left ventricle fistula. Conclusion The combination of UCG and CT is a reliable technique in the diagnosis of ALVT, which has significance in therapeutic strategy making and prognosis prediction.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of neutrophil changes in patients with colorectal cancer.Methods The neutrophils in patients with colorectal cancer were classified into twotypes:peripheral blood neutrophils and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs).Peripheral blood neutrophils are expressed as neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,NLR).Results The 5 year's survival rates of patients with high and low NLR were 75.2％ and 88.2％,respectively.The 5 year's survival rates of patients with high and low TANs were 97.6％ and 64.2％,respectively.The survival rates of patients with low NLR and high TANs;high NLR and high infiltrating TANs;low NLR and low infiltrating TANs;and high NLR and low infiltrating TANs were respectively 100％,95.7％,76.4％ and 53.5％.With the two joining together the ability to distinguish long-term prognosis of patients was significantly better than any one alone.Multivariate regression analysis showed that,high peripheral blood NLR,low TANs infiltration,tumor located in the rectum,TNM staging are independent risk factors for colorectal cancer prognosis.Conclusions NLR in preoperative peripheral blood combined with infiltrating TANs in colorectal cancer tissues can be used as a prognostic indicator for patients with colorectal cancer.High NLR in preoperative peripheral blood combined with low infiltrating TANs in colorectal cancer tissue predicts poor prognosis.

Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of HIT-antibodies in suspected HIT patients with heart diseases.Methods A single center study.We collected 242 blood samples of suspected HIT patients whose platelet count decreased after heparin application during July 1 st ,2012 to June 30th ,2016 in Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital and detected the concentration of HIT antibodies , meanwhile the 4T′s score were calculated.Among the study objects , there are 206 patients received cardiac surgery , 28 received cardiac interventional therapy and 8 received drug therapy.And we divided them into HIT group (44, median age 57.5, 23 females ) and non-HIT group ( 198, median age 63.5, 87 females ) according to clinical diagnosis.Quantitative data was analyzed by independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U test.Qualitative data was analyzed by Fisher′s exact test.We drew ROC curve according to the statistical analysis to determine the optimal threshold value of antibodies in diagnosis of HIT andsensitivity , specificity, negative likelihood ratio, positive likelihood ratio of the HIT antibody detection .Therefore, we can assess the value of HIT antibody detection in HIT clinical diagnosis and treatment .Moreover, we used the optimal threshold value of antibodies to testify the suspected HIT patients .Results The HIT antibody concentration of HIT group (44) and non-HIT group ( 198 ) are 3.2 ( 95% CI:1.8 -5.5 ) U/ml and 0.4 ( 95% CI:0.3 -0.4 ) U/ml, respectively.The concentration of HIT group is much higher than the non-HIT group(P<0.000).When the cut-off value of HIT-Ab is set at 0.9 U/ml, sensitivity and specificity are 93.2%and 91.9%, respectively. And negative likelihood ratio and positive likelihood ratio are 0.07 and 11.53, respectively.When the cut-off value of HIT-Ab is set at 0.6 U/ml, sensitivity and specificity are 100.0%and 73.7%.HIT-Ab and 4T′s score of ROC-AUC are 0.971 and 0.745, respectively.The diagnosis value of HIT-Ab in HIT is significantly higher than the 4T′s score ( P<0.000).Conclusions HIT antibody detection is a simple and effective auxiliary diagnostic method in HIT exclusion .And HIT antibody detection is more optimal than the 4T′s score in HIT diagnosis and treatment .

Objective To set up a living mice colonoscopy platform to establish an orthotopic model of colorectal cancer in mice under direct vision,and to observe its biological behavior such as metastasis.Methods Eighteen-week-old male C57/BL mice were anesthetized,and the intestinal lumen of the mice was examined by a self-developed living mice colonoscopy and Olympus URF-P5 ureteroscopy,respectively.The imaging effects of the two methods were compared.Human colon cancer HT-29 cells were injected into the colonic mucosa of BALB/c-nu mice under direct vision.The colonoscopy was performed on the 3rd,7th and 15th day after the injection to observe the tumor formation in the intestinal lumen.The mice were sacrificed when the body weight decreased significantly or cachexia appeared,and then the abdominal cavity was examined including the tumor formation and metastasis.Results The self-developed living mice colonoscopy platform can provide clear vision of enteric cavity,and no mice died in the colonoscopy examination.In vivo subcutaneous injection of HT-29 cells in mice was performed with a perforation rate of 15％,a mortality rate of 33.3％,a tumor formation rate of 62.5％,an abdominal metastasis rate of 60％,a liver metastasis rate of 25％,and an abdominal wall transfer rate of 25％.Conclusion The self-developed mice colonoscopy platform can be used for the study of colorectum in living mice.The imaging effect is no less than that of Olympus URF-P5 ureteroscopy.In addition,an orthotopic colorectal cancer model can be established by this platform combing with submucosal injection technology.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different ways of reconstruction of left subclavian artery (LSA) in the treatment of complex aortic arch lesions.Methods:The clinical data of 34 patients with complex thoracic aortic disease undergoing intracavitary LSA reconstruction in our center from January 2019 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The distance of proximal healthy landing zone of all patients, including 29 aortic dissections involving LSA, 3 penetrating aortic ulcer and 2 thoracic aortic aneurysms, was less than 15 mm. Among them, 16 cases were treated with chimney technique, 16 cases were implanted with single branched stent-graft, 2 cases were received with left common carotid artery and LSA in situ fenestration.Results:The operation success rate of all 34 patients was 100%. One case was changed from in situ fenestration to chimney stenting. Followed up for 1-12 months, there were no death, cerebral ischemia, paraplegia and other postoperative complications. CTA review showed that the main and branch stents were in good shape, the patency rate of LSA branch stents was 100% and no endoleak occurred at 1 and 3 months after operation. The muscle strength and arterial blood pressure of bilateral upper limbs of all patients were basically the same.Conclusion:There is no consensus for the treatment of complex aortic arch lesions, so we need to customize the personalized plan and select the appropriate LSA reconstruction method in order to reduce the incidence of complications.

Objective To summarize the clinical efficacy of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in the treatment of Stanford type B thoracic aortic dissection. Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection who had underwent TEVAR in cardiac surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from January 2017 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, there were 56 males and 24 females. The effect of operation and postoperative complications were observed. The diameters of different aortic levels before and after TEVAR were compared in order to understand the aortic remodeling after TEVAR. Results All 80 patients were operated successfully. A total of 87 stents were implanted, of which 2 stents were placed in 7 patients. Four patients died 30 days after operation, 3 of whom were diagnosed as dissection rupture before operation and underwent emergency TEVAR. The cause of death was massive hemorrhage due to re-rupture of dissection. One patient complicated with massive cerebral infarction before operation died of respiratory failure. Six months after operation, CTA showed that the diameter of the aortic true lumen at the level of the left subclavian artery, the maximum diameter of the tumor and the level of the diaphragm significantly increased: (30.1 ± 3.5) mm vs. (24.4 ± 4.2)mm, (33.4 ± 5.1) mm vs. (24.9 ± 6.2) mm,(26.1±4.9) mm vs. (19.3 ± 3.1) mm; all P values＜0.01, and the false lumen significantly decreased: (3.5 ± 1.7) mm vs. (11.2 ± 5.7) mm, (9.1 ± 2.4) mm vs. (18.3 ± 5.9) mm, (6.2 ± 1.3) mm vs. (14.7 ± 5.2) mm, all P values＜0.01. There was no significant difference in the overall diameter of aorta before and after operation (P > 0.05). Conclusions The treatment of Stanford type B aortic dissection with TEVAR has significantly good short-term clinical efficacy, which is less traumatic and quick to recover. However, the long-term efficacy remains to be observed.

OBJECTIVETo compare the surgical safety and short-term efficacy of minilaparotomy and laparoscopic approach for curative resection of rectal cancer.

METHODSThe retrospective cohort study was adopted. A review of patients scheduled to undergo a curative resection of rectal cancer via minilaparotomy or laparoscopic approach at Department of Colorectal Surgery of Changhai Hospital from June 2016 to May 2017 was carried out. All the patients were confirmed as rectal cancer by postoperative pathology. The following patients were excluded from the study: patients who had acute complete obstruction or perforation; patients underwent Miles or Hartmann procedure; patients who required an elongation of the skin incision in minilaparotomy or a conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery. Finally, 216 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 143 were performed with minilaparotomy approach (minilaparotomy group) and 73 with laparoscopic approach (laparoscopic group) for curative resection of rectal cancer. For the minilaparotomy technique, a 7 cm longitudinal midline incision was made between the pubic symphysis and umbilicus; a wound retractor was applied to the edge of the wound; lymph node dissection around the inferior mesenteric and artery high ligation of inferior mesenteric artery were performed; by moving the minilaparotomy wound laterally and caudad or cephalad with the S-shaped hook, cautious mobilization of the relevant segment of the bowel loop was performed; bowel anastomosis was achieved by using the double-stapled technique; the gap of the pelvic floor peritoneum and mesentery were routinely closed by the absorbable surgical suture in cases with middle and low position rectal cancer. The surgical safety, the condition of resuming and the morbidity of postoperative complication were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThere were 145 men and 71 women. Age ranged from 26 to 87 years, with of mean age of 61 years. According to the TNM stage grouping, there were 61 patients with stage I(, 62 with stage II(, 85 with stage III(, and 8 with stage IIII( disease, respectively. These two groups did not differ significantly in terms of age, sex, body mass index, site of tumor, TNM stage(all P>0.05). All the patients completed the operation successfully. The median operation time of minilaparotomy group was significantly shorter than that of laparoscopic group [164(80-296) minutes vs. 230(90-665) minutes, Z=4.410, P=0.000]. The intraoperative medical consumable expense [11000(7000-22000) yuan vs. 23000(12000-47000) yuan, Z=11.759, P=0.000] and the total hospitalization expense [44000(22000-146000) yuan vs. 57000(45000-126000) yuan, Z=9.637, P=0.000] were significantly lower in the minilaparotomy group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of operative blood loss, number of harvested lymph nodes, distance of distal resection margin, positive rate of circumferential resection margin (all P>0.05). The rate of postoperative complication in minilaparotomy group was 7.0%(10/143) and in laparoscopic group was 9.6%(7/73) without significant difference (χ=0.449, P=0.503). There were 2 patients in each group who required readmission to the hospital within postoperative 30 days. The cause of readmission was ileus or acute hyponatremia in minilaparotomy group, and ileus or pevic infection in laparoscopic group. One patient died of brain death caused by acute pulmonary embolism during the perioperative period in minilaparotomy group.

CONCLUSIONSThe minilaparotomy approach for curative resection of rectal cancer is safe and feasible. As compared with laparoscopic approach, it is advantageous to achieve minimal invasiveness and early recovery, but much cheaper and less time consuming.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome