Objective:To investigate the correlation between Helicobacter pylori ( H.pylori) infection and albuminuria inphysical examination population. Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. All the adults who received physical examination and underwent 13C-urea breath test at the Physical Examination Center in Tongji Hospital in 2021 were selected as the study subjects. General data (such as demographic information and past medical history) were documented. The physical measurement and blood biochemical indicators were checked too. Multivariate analysis was used to analyze the relationship between H. pylori infection and albuminuria. Results:A total of 30 311 subjects were included in this analysis. There were 17 123 males and 13 188 females with an age of (44.51±12.17) years. The positive rate of H. pylori infection was 27.3%. The incidence of albuminuria in subjects with H. pylori infection was 6.7%, and it was 6.1% in the subjects without H. pylori infection ( P=0.031). After adjusting for the confounding factors such as gender, age, diabetes and hypertension, H. pylori infection was independently associated with the risk of albuminuria (odds ratio ( OR)=1.133, 95% CI: 1.018-1.261, P=0.022). Conclusion:H. pylori infection is positively correlated with the occurrence of albuminuria in the physical examination population.

Objective To investigate the relationship of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with blood-lipid levels. Methods Individuals 40 years old or older who had undergone a physical-health examination in our hospital between January and December 2017 were enrolled in this study. Information regarding medical history and the results of essential ophthalmological and physical-health examinations were examined to exclude individuals with serious chronic diseases such as malignant tumors, stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and kidney disease. One thousand nine individuals with AMD (all at the early stage) were included in the AMD group, and 3489 individuals without AMD were included in the non-AMD group. Data of all participants, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, were collected and analyzed. Results The average age in the AMD group was higher than that in the non-AMD group, and the male to female ratio was significantly higher in the AMD group (P<0.05). After adjusting for age, gender, and BMI confounders, multiple linear stepwise regression analysis revealed that HDL-C was associated with AMD (β=-0.026, 95% CI: 0.045-0.006, P=0.011); there was no correlation between TC, TG, LDL-C, and AMD (all P>0.05). Conclusion Early stage AMD was related to a decrease in HDL-C, which may be a protective factor against AMD. Further study is warranted to validate this finding.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between liver function and arterial stiffness in the physical examination population.Methods:A total of 9 111 people who received physical examination in the Health Management Center of Wuhan Tongji Hospital from January to December 2017 with an age of 18 and above and complete clinical data were included in this study. The subjects were divided into arterial stiffness group (3 252 cases) and the normal group (5 859 cases) according to the results of brachial-ankle artery pulse wave velocity (baPWV) examination. The liver function indicators were checked in all the subjects, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glutamyl transpeptidase γ (GGT). According to interquartile range of the liver function indicators, the subjects were divided into 4 groups (group Q1- Q4). Multivariate logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline functions were used to explore the relationship between liver function and risk of arterial stiffness. Results:When the subjects were grouped by ALT, after adjusted for age and gender, the risk of arterial stiffness in the Q2 to Q4 groups was 1.260 (95% CI:1.093-1.452, P<0.05), 1.571 (95% CI:1.355-1.822, P<0.001) and 2.436 (95% CI:2.097-2.830, P<0.001) times of that in the Q1 group, respectively, P for trend<0.001. And after adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), the risk of arterial stiffness in the Q2 to Q4 groups was 1.158 (95% CI:1.003-1.338, P<0.05), 1.331 (95% CI:1.143-1.551, P<0.001) and 1.867 (95% CI:1.591-2.190, P<0.001) times of that in the Q1 group, respectively, P for trend <0.001. After adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, LDL-C, triglycerides, HDL-C, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, fasting blood glucose, blood uric acid, serum creatinine, with or without hypertension or diabetes, the risk of arterial stiffness in the Q2 to Q4 groups was 1.116 (95% CI:0.940-1.325, P=0.210), 1.241 (95% CI:1.036-1.488, P<0.05) and 1.598 (95% CI:1.322-1.932, P<0.001) times of that in the Q1 group, respectively, P for trend <0.001. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis showed a linear positive correlation between ALT and the risk of arterial stiffness. Similar results as ALT obtained with AST, ALP and GGT. Conclusions:The increase of liver function indicators is positively correlated with the risk of arterial stiffness.

Objective:To analyse the relationship between serum electrolyte concentrations and risk of cardiovascular events in physical examination population.Methods:A cross-sectional study design was applied to survey 8 445 adults whose serum high-sensitivity cardiac tropon Ⅰ (hs-cTnⅠ) and serum electrolytes (chloride, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium) concentrations were measured at the health examination center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 1, 2018 to February 28, 2022. The risk of cardiovascular events was classified into three levels according to the serum hypersensitive cardiac troponin Ⅰ(hs-cTnⅠ) concentration: low, middle or high risk group. One-way analysis of variance was applied to compare the differences in serum electrolyte concentrations of participants with different risk levels of cardiovascular events. Ordered multi-category logistic regression was performed to analyze the correlation between serum electrolyte levels and the risk of cardiovascular events.Results:The concentration of potassium and magnesium ion in the subjects with low risk of cardiovascular events were both higher than those in the middle and high risk group [potassium ion (4.28±0.29) vs (4.24±0.34), (4.23±0.36) mmol/L, magnesium ion (0.88±0.06) vs (0.87±0.07), (0.87±0.07) mmol/L](both P<0.05), while the concentration of sodium ion was lower [(140.54±1.75) vs (140.88±1.73), (140.81±2.20) mmol/L]( P<0.001); the concentration of phosphorus ion in the high-risk group was lower than those in the middle and low risk groups [(1.04±0.17) vs (1.08±0.16), (1.05±0.15) mmol/L]( P=0.001); no significant difference was found in the concentrations of chloride and calcium ion among the three groups (both P>0.05). Compared to subjects with normal concentrations of electrolyte, the risk level of cardiovascular events in subjects with hypokalemia ( OR=6.96, 95% CI: 3.67-13.10) and hypomagnesemia ( OR=5.00, 95% CI: 1.01-24.50) was higher(both P<0.05). Within the normal range, sodium concentration was positively correlated with the risk of cardiovascular events ( OR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.14; P<0.001). Conclusions:The serum sodium, potassium and magnesium concentrations in health examination subjects are correlated with the risk of cardiovascular events. Maintaining the balanced concentration of serum potassium and magnesium, as well as low sodium levels within normal limits may help prevent cardiovascular events.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and arterial stiffness in the physical examination population.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study, the data were collected from adults who received physical examination in the Health Management Center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2016 to April 2022, all the participants completed the tested for brachial and ankle pulse wave conduction velocity (baPWV) and serum 25(OH)D. The general information, anthropometric metrics and relevant laboratory data were recorded. A total of 41 090 participants were included. According to baPWV, the subjects were divided into arterial stiffness group (baPWV≥1 800 cm/s, n=2 440) and normal group (baPWV<1 800 cm/s, n=38 650). The subjects were categorized into three groups based on serum 25(OH)D level: sufficient group [25(OH)D≥30 μg/L, n=2 830], insufficient group [25(OH)D 20-<30 μg/L, n=11 400] and deficiency group [25(OH)D<20 μg/L, n=26 860]. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between 25(OH)D and arterial stiffness. The dose-response relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and the risk of arterial stiffness was analyzed using restricted cubic spline functions. Results:Of the 41 090 participants included, 25 001 were males and 16 089 were females, 2 440 cases (5.94%) were detected with arterial stiffness. Compared with normal group, the age, body mass index, uric acid, creatinine, 25(OH)D level and proportion of dyslipidemia were all significantly higher in the arterial stiffness group [(60.1±9.8) vs (46.0±10.4) years, (25.3±3.4) vs (24.5±3.4) kg/m 2, (356.2±99.6) vs (345.0±95.8) μmol/L, (77.0±21.5) vs (73.8±15.9) μmol/L, (18.51±7.93) vs (18.11±7.27) μg/L, 48.4% vs 38.5%], while the glomerular filtration rate was significantly lower [(87.2±16.1) vs (99.1±14.0) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2] (all P<0.05). The 25(OH)D deficiency was positively correlated with the risk of arteriosclerosis ( OR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.07-1.51), and the risk of arterial stiffness increased by 16% for every 10 μg/L decrease in serum 25(OH)D levels (all Ptrend<0.001). The mean baPWV level in the 25(OH)D deficiency group was 12.45 cm/s (95% CI: 3.89-21.02) higher than that in 25(OH)D adequacy group; and for every 10 μg/L decrease in 25(OH)D, the baPWV increased by 11.23 cm/s (95% CI: 8.11-14.19) (all Ptrend<0.001). The association between serum 25(OH)D deficiency and the risk of arteriosclerosis was more pronounced in individuals with a body mass index of 24 kg/m2 or above ( Pfor interaction=0.039). Moreover, there was an “L”-shaped dose-response relationship between serum 25(OH)D level and the risk of arteriosclerosis ( Pnon-linear<0.001). Conclusion:The 25(OH)D deficiency is closely correlated with the risk of arteriosclerosis in the physical examination population, and the association is stronger in overweight individuals.

Objective:To explore the association between insulin resistance (IR) and new-onset hyperuricemia (HUA) in nurses.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 3 792 nurses from Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, who were surveyed from January to July in 2021. A total of 2 995 nurses who were successfully followed up in 2023 and met the inclusion criteria were selected for the study. The nurses were divided into four groups based on their quantiles (Q1 to Q4)for each indicator of insulin resistance (IR), including the triglyceride glucose (TyG), the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol index (TG/HDL-C), and the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR): groups. The impact of each IR indicator on the risk of HUA was assessed by using Cox regression analysis, while the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to evaluate and compare the predictive power of each indicator.Results:Of the 2 995 nurses, there were 65 males and 2 930 females, with a mean age of (33.19±6.67) years. During the follow-up period of 1.95 (1.87, 2.03) years, 152 new-onset HUA cases were identified, resulting in an incidence density of 26.02 per 1 000 person-years. After adjusting for various confounding factors, the Cox risk regression model analysis indicated that the hazard ratios (95% CI) for the risk of HUA in the highest quartile (Q4) compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) were as follows: 2.20(1.34, 3.63) for TyG, 4.95 (2.76, 8.90) for TyG-BMI, 3.24 (1.92, 5.45) for TG/HDL-C, and 6.15 (3.34, 11.33) for METS-IR. The areas under the ROC curves for TyG, TyG-BMI, TG/HDL-C, and METS-IR levels in predicting the risk of HUA in nurses was 0.71, 0.73, 0.72, and 0.74, respectively. Conclusion:The IR is positively correlated with new-onset HUA in nurses, and each IR index demonstrates a certain predictive efficacy for risk of HUA.

Objective: To explore the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and overweight/obesity in a Chinese population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included all adult participants who underwent a ¹³C-urea breath test at the physical examination center in Tongji Hospital (Wuhan, China) in 2016. Data on demographic characteristics, anthropometric index, biochemical variables, and medical history were collected. Multivariate analyses were performed to assess the relationship between H. pylori infection and overweight/obesity, as well as body mass index (BMI). Results: Of the 27 883 participants included, 17 585 were males and 10 298 were females. They were aged (43.94±11.31) years. The prevalence rate of H. pylori infection was 33.1%. The BMIs of subjects with and without H. pylori infection were (24.30±3.28) kg/m² and (23.99±3.35) kg/m², respectively (t=-7.28, P<0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, blood lipid levels, diabetes, and hypertension, the BMI of subjects with H. pylori infection was 0.120 kg/m² (95% CI: 0.050-0.191, P=0.001), which was higher than that of subjects without H. pylori infection. Moreover, H. pylori infection was independently associated with a higher risk of prevalent overweight/obesity, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.09 (95%CI: 1.03-1.16, P=0.004). The positive association between H. pylori infection and overweight/obesity was more evident among women, with an OR of 1.19 (95%CI: 1.07-1.31, P=0.001). Conclusion H. pylori infection was closely correlated with overweight/obesity. Control of H. pylori infection may be useful in reducing the heavy disease burden caused by overweight/obesity.