Objective To study the characteristic of histological structure of the pineal gland of the adult yak. Methods HE and Achucarro-Hortega staining,light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used. Results The pineal gland was composed of pinealocytes,occasional glial cells,capillaries and neural elements.The pinealocyte appppered clear electronic density and its cytoplast included numerous mitochondria,rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum,microtubules,microfilament and ribosome.Golgi complex was rare.The typical heterogenous organelle of pinealocyte of yak was spherical synaptic ribbon,which located near the plasma membrane.The glial cells contained abundant of mitochondria,and their processes which appeared bulbous invested the pineal periphery and incompletely separated the pinealocytes.Synapse and junctional complex existed between the pinealocytes and glial cells.Capillaries in pineal gland of the yak were belong to continuous capillaries,and pigment cells were observed around the vascellum in the gastr-distally of the pineal gland. Conclusion Neuroepithelial and epithelioglandular cell conjuction can be observed in the pineal gland of adult yak.Capillaries are belong to continuous capillaries.There are aboundant of organelle except Golgi complex in the pinealocyte.

Warfighter physiological status monitor (WPSM) is a new device for noninvasive biomedical measurements for soldier vital signs in operational environments. This paper gives an introduction to the WPSM and analyses the key technologies to design WPSM. The wearable technology can provide a systematic way of monitoring the vital signs of humans in a unobstrusive manner. In this paper the wearable technology is used to design WPSM to fulfill non-instrusive vital signs detection.

Objective To develop a new type of respiratory inductive plethysmograph to achieve high signal-noise rate(SNR)and low system power cost,and also to eliminate the cross-talk between chest and abdominal band sensors.Method Either of the two bands was powered by a very high power oscillator in a very short time,and these two bands were switched on in turn.The sensor structure of the respiratory inductive plethysmograph was modified so that these two bands could be embeded in a shirt conveniently.Result With these new designs,the cross-talk between these two bands was greatly eliminated and high SNR and low system power cost were achieved.This new wearable respiration monitoring system is easy to use,and can be used for long time and ambulatory monitoring.Conclusion This new system meets the design requirement with excellent performance.With this new wearable respiration monitoring system,non-invasive measurement of ventilation and non-intrusive detection of sleep apnea event can be achieved.

Objective To design a wearable physiological monitoring system for acquiring and monitor-ing vital signs non-intrusively and concurrently.Methods All bio-sensors were embedded in an elastic shirt for detecting physiological parameters with wearable technology.A patented respiratory inductive plethysmography technology was used to measure respiratory function,two sensors were woven into the jerkin around the patient's chest and abdomen.A three-lead,single channel ECG measures heart rate,and a three-axis accelerometer records posture and activity level.An NTC thermometer embedded in the shirt measures the body temperature.Results An elastic jerkin with embedded sensors that collect and continuously monitor respiration,cardiac,temperature,posture and activity signals was fabricated.Conclusion This wearable physiological monitoring system can record multiple parameters non-intrusively and concurrently.It can act as an useful platform for further researches.

Objective To extract breathing pattern parameters during sleep and get the varying law of NREM and REM sleep stages. Method A newly designed respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) and a polysomnography (PSG) are utilized to record whole-night-sleep data simultaneously. The breathing pattern parameters obtained by RIP are dealt with according to the results of sleep stages and sleep apnea by PSG. Then the rule found out and summarized from the experiment is applied to distinguish REM sleep. Conclusion RC/VT can be used as an effective parameter to differentiate NREM and REM sleep. Using this parameter, the results of RIP totally accord with the results of PSG.

Objective To observe the short-term efficacy and safety of sequential administration of erlotinib and chemotherapy in unselected, chemonaive patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Previously-untreated patients (n=23) with stage Ⅲ_B/Ⅳ NSCLC and ECOG PS of 0/1 received erlotinib (150 mg/d) on days 15-28 of a 4-week cycle that included gemcitabine (1250 mg/m~2, days 1 and 8), and either cisplatin (75 mg/m~2, day 1) or carboplatin (AUC=5, day 1). The primary end points were tumor response rate and safety. Results 23 patients received a total of 95 cycles of treatment, and all were evaluable for efficacy and toxicity. The overall response rate was 30.4%, 0 case achieved complete responses (CR), 7 cases (30.4%) achieved partial responses (PR), 14 cases (60.9 %) achieved stable disease (SD), 2 cases (8.7 %) achieved progression disease (PD). The disease control rate was 91.3 %. The sequential administration of erlotinib following gemcitabine/platinum chemotherapy was well tolerated. The major grade 3 treatment-related adverse events were eutropenia (13.4%), rash (8.7%), nausea (8.7%) and thrombocytopenia (8.7%). No treatment-related interstitial lung disease. Conclusion equential administration of erlotinib following gemcitabine/platinum chemotherapy was effective, and the toxicity was tolerable. This treatment strategy warrants further investigation.

Electrocardiosignal (ECG) is an important evidence base for the diagnoses of cardiovascular diseases as well as for the researches in basic and clinical medicine. Because it presents typical non-steady signals, the wave in time can not reflect the essential characteristic very well. In this article, by analysis in time-frequency domain, we have obtained some typical time-frequency diagrams of normal ECG and abnormal ECG, which reflect the comparatively essential characteristics of the original signal in some aspects and seem likely to become a basis for validating the relevant diagnosis.
Algorithms ; Atrial Fibrillation ; diagnosis ; Computer Simulation ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Failure ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective: To investigate retrospectively a modified procedure of two-stage urethroplasty with distal urethral preset for proximal pediatric hypospadias and evaluate the feasibility and advantages of the method. Methods: From January 2013 to January 2018, two-stage urethroplasty with distal urethral preset was performed in 36 boys from 19 months to 15 years old (median age 36 months) with proximal hypospadias. The penile straightening and distal urethroplasty were performed at the first stage, meanwhile, the original urethral opening was preserved. After the distal reconstructed urethra performed in 6 months, the neourethra was connected with proximal meatus to re-establish the continuous urethra. The wound infection, urinary leakage, urethral stricture, appearance of penis and urination were observed after the second stage operation. Results: One case had skin infection around the wound after first stage operation and healed after wound management. Another one case had the distal urethra dehiscence but the wound has no signs of infection. The child had moderate anemia, and the hemoglobin is 80 g/L.It was therefore considered that anemia was the cause. The hemoglobin level was normal during the second stage operation, and repaired by Snodgrass method in the second stage. Five cases had the balanue dehiscence.Thirty case had being succeeded after the first stage, included a case of wound infection 5 days after operation. Three cases developed urethral fistula after the second stage repair, which were mended in the third stage. At a mean follow-up of 20 months postoperatively (14 to 48 months), all patients had satisfied appearance of penis, unobstructed urination and continuous urine line, without urinary fistula, urethral stricture and urethrocele at the second stage repair. Conclusions The distal urethral preset and staged procedure is a feasible operation that corrects proximal hypospadias with few complications and with good cosmetic and functional outcomes.

The wearable respiratory inductive plethysmograph(RIP) system is a non-intrusive respiratory monitoring system. Sleep monitoring was performed on 9 human subjects suspected of having sleep apnea hypersomnolence syndrome (SAHS) and 7 healthy volunteers using both the wearable RIP system and the conventional polysomnography(PSG), and the sensitivity and specificity of the wearable RIP system were analyzed by comparison with the PSG results. According to the characteristic of the wearable RIP system in detecting sleep apnea/hypopnea event, the diagnostic criteria of sleep apnea/hypopnea event were put forward. All subjects with SAHS diagnosed by the wearable RIP were confirmed by PSG,the sensitivity and specificity of the wearable RIP system for detecting sleep apnea/hypopnea events were 99.0% and 94.6% respectively. The wearable RIP system can be used reliably in detecting sleep apnea/hypopnea events. This system can be used at home for detecting the sleep apnea/hypopnea events non-intrusively.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Plethysmography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Polysomnography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; diagnosis ; physiopathology

Objective In view of the controversy over radiotherapy target volume for patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer ( SCLC), a prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the impact of different radiotherapy target volumes on prognosis. Methods After 2 cycles of EP chemotherapy,patients without progressive disease were randomly assigned to receive thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) to either the post-or pre-chemotherapy primary tumour extent as study arm or control. Involved field radiotherapy (IFRT) to the entire metastatic lymph node regions was applied for both arms. TRT consisted of 45 Gy/30Fx/19 d administered concurrently with cycle 3 chemotherapy. Prophylactic cranial irradiation was administered to patients achieved complete or partial remission. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Results Between June 2002 and December 2017,159 and 150 patients were randomly assigned to study arm and control respectively. The 1-,2-,and 5-year local/regional control rates were 79. 4%,61. 5% and 60. 1% respectively in the study arm versus 79. 8%,66. 5%,and 57. 3% in the control arm (P=0. 73). The median OS time was 22. 1 months in the study arm (95%CI,18. 2-26. 0 months) and 26. 9 months (95%CI,23. 5-30. 3 months) in the control arm,the 1-,3-,5-,and 7-year OS rates were 81. 1%,31. 6%, 23. 9% and 22. 2% respectively in the study arm versus 85. 3%,36. 6%,26. 1% and 20. 0% in the control arm (P=0. 51).Grade 2-3 acute esophagitis was developed in 32. 9% and 43. 2% of patients respectively in study arm and control arm (P=0. 01),while grade 2-3 pulmonary fibrosis was observed in 2. 0% and 10. 9% of patients ( P= 0. 01 ) respectively. Conclusions For patients with limited-stage SCLC who received induction chemotherapy,thoracic radiotherapy can be limited to post-chemotherapy tumour extent and IFRT can be routinely applied.