Objective To investigate the effects of 20% lipid emulsion on plasma ropivacaine concentration and myocardial ropivacaine content in rats. Methods Sixty male pathogen-free SD rats weighing 220-270 g were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 30 each): group A normal saline and group B lipid emulsion.The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 4% pentobarbital 40 mg/kg. The femoral vein was cannulated for drug and fluid administration. ECG (lead Ⅱ) was continuously monitored. 1% ropivacainc 5 mg/kg was injected iv. A bolus of 20% lipid emulsion 5 ml/kg was then injected iv in group B, while in group A equal volume of normal saline was administered instead of 20% lipid emulsion. The animals were sacrificed at 5, 10,20, 40, 60 and 120 min after ropivacaine infusion (5 animals at each time point). Blood samples and myocardial specimens were taken for determination of plasma and myocardial ropivacaine levels by HPLC. Results Plasma ropivacaine concentration at 20 min after ropivacaine administration was significantly higher in group B than in group A. The myocardial ropivacaine concents at 5, 10 min after ropivacaine administration were significantly lower in group B than in group A. Conclusion 20% lipid emulsion infusion can bind ropivacaine and decreasee myocardial ropivacaine content thus reducing the cardiac toxicity of ropivacaine.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness external radiation (XRT) vs transoral laser surgery (TOL) for treatment of early glottic carcinoma. METHOD: Medline (1990-2010), Embase (1990-2010), Cochrane Library, CBM (1990-2010), CNKI (1994-2010), Wanfang Database were searched for published case-control studies investigating the effectiveness external radiation vs transoral laser surgery for treatment of early glottic carcinoma. The odds ratio was calculated. Meta-analyses were performed by RevMan5. 0. 2 Software. RESULT: In the complications of this study, there was significant heterogeneity in the literatures, so Meta analysis was given up. In the recurrence and 5-years locoregional control, XRT group was no significant difference with TOL group by eliminating the heterogeneity or using the subgroup analysis, but the results till showed there was less recurrence and more locoregional control in TOL group than those in XRT group. In death of disease, overall survival and laryngeal preservation, the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS TOL could be complete in the clinic and the cost was much more cheaper than XRT. So TOL could be used as the first choice for the treatment of early glottic carcinoma versus XRT. But for larger tumors, involving the anterior commissure, there was no clear conclusion. Based on literatures, traditional surgery was the proposed choice. We recognize that the datas included in our study are retrospective studies, for a more scientific conclusion, we need more RCTs.
Glottis ; pathology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Laser Therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experience of cervical trachea sleeve resection. METHOD: Twelve cases of sleeve resection between January 1985 and December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Six cases were adenoid cystic carcinoma, four cases were squamous cell carcinoma, one case was adenocarcinoma and one case was cervical tracheomalacia. Length of cervical trachea resection is three to six cm with primary anastomosis, among which five cases were over five cm, seven cases underwent laryngeal release and three cases underwent subtotal thyroidectomy. Nine cases were tracheal anastomotic stoma enwrapped with normal thyroid tissue and three cases were not. RESULT: Laryngeal function and normal phonation were saved, anastomotic stoma healed up, and the tracheal mucosa appear normal in all the patients . The three years survival rate and five years' survival rate were 85.37% and 56.61% for the patients respectively. CONCLUSION Cervical trachea sleeve resection accorded with the principle of tracheal tumors therapy. It was conducive to healing of the tracheal anastomosis.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Trachea ; surgery ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; surgery

Purpose: Osteosarcoma (OS) universally exhibits heterogeneity and cisplatin (CDDP) resistance. Although the Wee1/CDC2 and nuclear factor кB (NF-κB) pathways were reported to show abnormal activation in some tumor cells with CDDP resistance, whether there is any concrete connection is currently unclear. We explored it in human OS cells. Materials and Methods: Multiple OS cell lines were exposed to a Wee1 inhibitor (AZD1775) and CDDP to assess the half-maximal inhibitory concentration values. Western blot, coimmunoprecipitation, confocal immunofluorescence, cell cycle, and Cell Counting Kit-8assays were performed to explore the connection between the Wee1/CDC2 and NF-κB pathways and their subsequent physiological contribution to CDDP resistance. Finally, CDDP-resistant PDX-OS xenograft models were established to confirm that AZD1775 restores the antitumor effects of CDDP. Results: A sensitivity hierarchy of OS cells to CDDP and AZD1775 exists. In the highly CDDP-tolerant cell lines, Wee1 and RelA were physically crosslinked, which resulted in increased abundance of phosphorylated CDC2 (Y15) and RelA (S536) and consequent modulation of cell cycle progression, survival, and proliferation. Wee1 inhibition restored the effects of CDDP on these processes in CDDP-resistant OS cells. In addition, animal experiments with CDDP-resistant PDX-OS cells showed that AZD1775 combined with CDDP not only restored CDDP efficacy but also amplified AZD1775 in inhibiting tumor growth and prolonged the median survival of the mice. Conclusion Simultaneous enrichment of molecules in the Wee1/CDC2 and NF-κB pathways and their consequent coactivation is a new molecular mechanism of CDDP resistance in OS cells. OS with this molecular signature may respond well to Wee1 inhibition as an alternative treatment strategy.

As a novel technology, wearable physiological parameter monitoring technology represents the future of monitoring technology. However, there are still many problems in the application of this kind of technology. In this paper, a pilot study was conducted to evaluate the quality of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals of the wearable physiological monitoring system (SensEcho-5B). Firstly, an evaluation algorithm of ECG signal quality was developed based on template matching method, which was used for automatic and quantitative evaluation of ECG signals. The algorithm performance was tested on a randomly selected 100 h dataset of ECG signals from 100 subjects (15 healthy subjects and 85 patients with cardiovascular diseases). On this basis, 24-hour ECG data of 30 subjects (7 healthy subjects and 23 patients with cardiovascular diseases) were collected synchronously by SensEcho-5B and ECG Holter. The evaluation algorithm was used to evaluate the quality of ECG signals recorded synchronously by the two systems. Algorithm validation results: sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 99.51%, and accuracy was 99.99%. Results of controlled test of 30 subjects: the median (Q1, Q3) of ECG signal detected by SensEcho-5B with poor signal quality time was 8.93 (0.84, 32.53) minutes, and the median (Q1, Q3) of ECG signal detected by Holter with poor signal quality time was 14.75 (4.39, 35.98) minutes (Rank sum test,
Algorithms ; Electrocardiography ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Wearable Electronic Devices

BACKGROUND:In recent years,many studies have confirmed that assembloids can make up for the shortcomings of organoids,which cannot fully reproduce the interaction between cell and cell and between cell and matrix.Since the assembloids construction methods are in the early stage of development,there is no unified standard. OBJECTIVE:To review the current construction methods,applications,advantages,and disadvantages of assembloids,guide the development and improvement of vitro cell models. METHODS:PubMed,CNKI,and WanFang databases were searched with English search terms"assembloids,organoids,tumor microenvironment,organoids AND assemble,organoids AND microenvironment"and Chinese search terms"assembloids,organoids,tumor microenvironment,organoid reorganization,multicellular model".Totally 94 articles were screened out for review after excluding irrelevant articles and deduplication. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)According to the different sources of cells,the construction of assembloids can be divided into three methods:self-assembly,direct-assembly,and mixed-assembly.According to the differences of cell culture methods,it can be divided into suspension culture method,matrix culture method,organ chip culture method,and 3D bio-printing.(2)The process of self-assembly covers early stages of cell and tissue development,so it has broad prospects in the fields of organ development and developmental disorders.The function of differentiated mature cells is relatively perfect,and the assembloids directly assembled by them have more potential in the study of functional disorders and cell-damaging diseases.Self-assembly may be better in organ transplantation,and direct-assembly will be more suitable for the repair of tissue damage.Mixed-assembly combines the advantages of the former two and is mostly used to explore the physiological and pathological mechanisms of cells in the microenvironment,as well as drug screening.(3)Although different assembloids have their own advantages,they all face the problem of imperfect vasculature system,then,each method has its own limitations,for example,the degree of cell differentiation in self-assembly assembloids may still be different from that in vivo,and the fixed cell types in direct-assembly models cannot simulate complex microenvironments in vivo.These are urgent problems to be solved.(4)In the future,with the continuous improvement of assembloids culture technology,scientists can assemble biomimetic organoids with more complex tissues in vitro,providing infinitely realistic models for the study of physiological and pathological processes of human tissue and organ.

As a low-load physiological monitoring technology, wearable devices can provide new methods for monitoring, evaluating and managing chronic diseases, which is a direction for the future development of monitoring technology. However, as a new type of monitoring technology, its clinical application mode and value are still unclear and need to be further explored. In this study, a central monitoring system based on wearable devices was built in the general ward (non-ICU ward) of PLA General Hospital, the value points of clinical application of wearable physiological monitoring technology were analyzed, and the system was combined with the treatment process and applied to clinical monitoring. The system is able to effectively collect data such as electrocardiogram, respiration, blood oxygen, pulse rate, and body position/movement to achieve real-time monitoring, prediction and early warning, and condition assessment. And since its operation from March 2018, 1 268 people (657 patients) have undergone wearable continuous physiological monitoring until January 2020, with data from a total of 1 198 people (632 cases) screened for signals through signal quality algorithms and manual interpretation were available for analysis, accounting for 94.48 % (96.19%) of the total. Through continuous physiological data analysis and manual correction, sleep apnea event, nocturnal hypoxemia, tachycardia, and ventricular premature beats were detected in 232 (36.65%), 58 (9.16%), 30 (4.74%), and 42 (6.64%) of the total patients, while the number of these abnormal events recorded in the archives was 4 (0.63%), 0 (0.00%), 24 (3.80%), and 15 (2.37%) cases. The statistical analysis of sleep apnea event outcomes revealed that patients with chronic diseases were more likely to have sleep apnea events than healthy individuals, and the incidence was higher in men (62.93%) than in women (37.07%). The results indicate that wearable physiological monitoring technology can provide a new monitoring mode for inpatients, capturing more abnormal events and provide richer information for clinical diagnosis and treatment through continuous physiological parameter analysis, and can be effectively integrated into existing medical processes. We will continue to explore the applicability of this new monitoring mode in different clinical scenarios to further enrich the clinical application of wearable technology and provide richer tools and methods for the monitoring, evaluation and management of chronic diseases.
Heart Rate ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Movement ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Wearable Electronic Devices

Wearable monitoring, which has the advantages of continuous monitoring for a long time with low physiological and psychological load, represents a future development direction of monitoring technology. Based on wearable physiological monitoring technology, combined with Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence technology, this paper has developed an intelligent monitoring system, including wearable hardware, ward Internet of Things platform, continuous physiological data analysis algorithm and software. We explored the clinical value of continuous physiological data using this system through a lot of clinical practices. And four value points were given, namely, real-time monitoring, disease assessment, prediction and early warning, and rehabilitation training. Depending on the real clinical environment, we explored the mode of applying wearable technology in general ward monitoring, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, and integrated monitoring inside and outside the hospital. The research results show that this monitoring system can be effectively used for monitoring of patients in hospital, evaluation and training of patients' cardiopulmonary function, and management of patients outside hospital.
Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Internet of Things ; Wearable Electronic Devices ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods* ; Electrocardiography ; Internet

Patients with acute heart failure (AHF) often experience dyspnea, and monitoring and quantifying their breathing patterns can provide reference information for disease and prognosis assessment. In this study, 39 AHF patients and 24 healthy subjects were included. Nighttime chest-abdominal respiratory signals were collected using wearable devices, and the differences in nocturnal breathing patterns between the two groups were quantitatively analyzed. Compared with the healthy group, the AHF group showed a higher mean breathing rate (BR_mean) [(21.03 ± 3.84) beat/min vs. (15.95 ± 3.08) beat/min, P < 0.001], and larger R_RSBI_cv [70.96% (54.34%-104.28)% vs. 58.48% (45.34%-65.95)%, P = 0.005], greater AB_ratio_cv [(22.52 ± 7.14)% vs. (17.10 ± 6.83)%, P = 0.004], and smaller SampEn (0.67 ± 0.37 vs. 1.01 ± 0.29, P < 0.001). Additionally, the mean inspiratory time (TI_mean) and expiration time (TE_mean) were shorter, TI_cv and TE_cv were greater. Furthermore, the LBI_cv was greater, while SD1 and SD2 on the Poincare plot were larger in the AHF group, all of which showed statistically significant differences. Logistic regression calibration revealed that the TI_mean reduction was a risk factor for AHF. The BR_ mean demonstrated the strongest ability to distinguish between the two groups, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.846. Parameters such as breathing period, amplitude, coordination, and nonlinear parameters effectively quantify abnormal breathing patterns in AHF patients. Specifically, the reduction in TI_mean serves as a risk factor for AHF, while the BR_mean distinguishes between the two groups. These findings have the potential to provide new information for the assessment of AHF patients.
Humans ; Heart Failure/diagnosis* ; Prognosis ; Respiration ; Wearable Electronic Devices ; Acute Disease