New technologies and ideas are constantly emerging recently. With the arrival of the era of minimally invasive surgery, most of the colorectal cancer surgeries can be conducted through minimally invasive techniques. In this study, we discuss the status, characteristics, controversy, and consensus of minimally invasive techniques in colorectal cancer surgery.

Purpose To investigate the alterations of homotopic functional connectivity and interhemispheric structural connectivity in patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (unilateral TLE).Materials and Methods Resting-state functional MR imaging data were acquired from patients in the first affliated hospital of Guang Zhou Medical University who were enrolled from Oct.2013 to Oct.2015 with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (n=43) [21 left TLE(LTLE) and 22 right TLE(RTLE)] and normal controls (NC) (n=24).We mainly concerned about the functional connectivity between any pair of symmetric interhemispheric voxels which were measured by voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC).Structural magnetic resonance images were acquired in 10 LTLE patients,16 RTLE patients and 20 NCs.Homotopic regions showing abnormal functional connectivity in patients were adopted as regions of interest for DTI.The FA values were compared between groups.Two-sample t test were used.Results Compared with NC group,the LTLE patients showed increased interhemispheric functional connectivity among the bilateral angular gyri,occipital gyri and superior parietal gyri,and decreased functional connectivity between the bilateral supplementary motor areas,middle temporal gyri,medial frontal gyri and inferior parietal lobules.Compared with control subjects,RTLE patients exhibited increased interhemispheric functional connectivity among bilateral inferior occipital gyri,parahippocampa gyri,cerebellum,as well as decreased functional connectivity among the bilateral middle temporal gyri,precentral gyri and inferi or frontalgyri.Statistical results indicated that the FA value of the commissural fiber bundles connecting the bilateral hippocampal gyri was smaller in RTLE patients than NC patients (t=10.55,P＜0.01).The FA value of the association fibers connecting the bilateral hippocampal gyrus had no significant difference between the LTLE group and NC group.Conclusion The increase or decrease of VMHC value in some brain regions in TLE suggested that there were changes in the functional synchronization and coordination in the two hemispheres in patients with unilateral TLE.In the RTLE patients,some brain regions which had abnormal interhemispheric functional connectivity also had structural damage.

The humanistic quality education of undergraduate clinical medical students is a system of education throughout the whole process of medical education.Some aspects include new career planning education,medical humanities quality courses,social practice,professional courses,clinical practice and evaluation of humanistic quality education need to design and control,which are necessary to achieve a good education results.

[Summary] Transplantation of human cell, tissue or organ is an effective means to cure completely the disease. Animal experiments and clinical studies have demonstrated that the efficacies of transplantation are obvious in the treatment of hypothyroidism. In recent years, thyroid stem cell transplantation has drawn much attention, embryonic stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and adult stem cells had also made progress in clinical investigations. Especially the embryonic stem cell transplantation has been used successfully in animal experiments. It provided a new perspective for clinical thyroid transplantation, but it also faces many problems to solve.

This paper reports serum ?_2 microglobiln (?_2M in abbreviation) in 216 normal children of different ages. Urin ?_2M in 60 normal adults; and both in 50 cases of common glomerular disease in children were detected by RIA. The results showed that serum ?_2M is more accurate than BUN in judging the renal function. The elecating serum ?_2M is coincidence with the elevating of diastolic pressure of the sick children. The dynamic observation on delayed cases examination of serum ?_2M and urin ?_2M may be of help in monitoring the pathological changes in glomerular and tubule.

Objective:To explore the application value of clopidogrel in patients with non ST segment elevation myo‐cardial infarction (NSTEMI) during emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) .Methods :A total of 168 NSTEMI patients treated in our hospital from Jan 2012 to Feb 2013 were randomly divided into clopidogrel group (n=84) and ticlopidine group (n=84) ,both groups received PCI .Therapeutic effect were observed and compared be‐tween two groups .Results:Compared with ticlopidine group , there were significant rise in percentage of TIMI blood flow grade 3 (88.1% vs .91.7% ) ,white blood cell counting [ (4.0 ± 2.9) 109/L vs .(7.2 ± 2.3) 109/L] and platelet counting [ (101 ± 35) 109/L vs .(141 ± 39) 109/L] ,and significant reduction in percentage of mild bleeding (40.5% vs .19.0% ) in clopidogrel group after operation 28d , P< 0.05 or < 0.01 ;compared with ticlopidine group , there were significant reductions in incidence rates of cardiovascular events (60.7% vs . 27.4% ) and adverse reactions (14.3% vs .10.8% ) in clopidogrel group after six‐month follow‐up ( P<0.05 both) .Conclusion:Clopi‐dogrel possesses satisfying therapeutic effect and high safety in patients with non ST segment elevation myocardial in ‐ farction during emergency percutaneous coronary intervention ,which is worth extension .

BACKGROUND:With elevated medical levels, limb salvage surgery for limb malignant tumor is valuable day by day. At present, the limb salvage surgery has substituted amputation and becomes mainstream and development direction of present surgical treatment of limb tumors. However, so far, there are no unified surgical indications for proximal femur tumor, which are controversial. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of artificial total hip arthroplasty combined with extended resection of tumor sections for proximal femoral bone tumors. METHODS:Patients with proximal femoral bone tumors in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were selected and divided into control group and observation group, with 30 patients in each group. According to the disease, lesion curettage, aneurysm wal inactivation, autologous and (or) al ogeneic bone, mixed bone graft and bone graft fixation were selected to treat the control group. The observation group patients received extended resection of tumor sections and total hip arthroplasty. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay and joint function of two groups were compared. 2 years later, patients were revisited. Metastasis and recurrence rate, death rate and quality of life of two groups were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and surgery time between the two groups (P>0.05). However, hospital stay of patients in the observation group was shorter than the control group. The excellent and good rate of recovery of joint function (83%) was higher in the observation group than in the control group (53%). The metastasis and recurrence rate within 2 years after surgery (7%) and death rate (3%) were lower in the observation group than in the control group (30%, 23%). Various indicators of quality of life of patients in the observation group were significantly better than the control group (P<0.05). These results confirmed that artificial total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of proximal femur tumors is safe and effective.

Objective To investigate whether the incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) differs between infants conceived naturally and those who were in vitro fertilization (IVF),and to analyze ROP-related factors,with a comparative case series.Methods This was a study on premature infants who required screening and treatment of ROP in the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,carried out between January 2008 and April 2012.One thousand and one hundred eighty three infants met the study criteria and were divided into two groups:natural conception (group Ⅰ,1058 infants) and IVF (group Ⅱ,125 infants).Multiple variables were recorded,including birth weight (BW),gestational age (GA),number of births (NOB,singleton/twins/triplets),type of conception (natural conception/IVF),neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS),patent ductus arteriosus (PDA),neonatal asphyxia,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB),intracranial hemorrhage (IH),congenital heart disease (CHD),neonatal anemia,neonatal sepsis,and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).The results of ophthalmological examinations were also recorded.The incidence of ROP between groups was compared with the Pearson Chi-square test.We applied Spearman correlation analysis to identify the variables that were most significantly associated with ROP.Results There were 138 infants of ROP in group Ⅰ (total 1058,13.0％),and 17 in group Ⅱ (total 125,13.6％),without significant difference in the presence of ROP between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).No significant difference was found in the presence of ROP affected by BW,GA,NOB,NRDS and other diseases between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).A significantly inverse association was found between ROP and BW (P ＜ 0.05),and between ROP and GA (P ＜ 0.05).No association was found between ROP and NOB (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the presence of diseases between infants conceived naturally and those by IVF in group ROP (P ＞ 0.05).A significant association was found between ROP and NRDS (P ＜ 0.05).No association was found between ROP and diseases (PDA,neonatal asphyxia,NHB,IH,CHD,neonatal anemia,neonatal sepsis,and BPD).Conclusions Our study shows that IVF was not a risk factor for ROP.

Objective To observe MRI features of the localized intra-articular form of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) within the knee joint. Methods Fifteen patients with pathologically proved localized intra-articular form of PVNS were retrospectively reviewed, and the MRI appearances were observed. Results Solitary nodule or mass within the knee joint was detected in all 15 patients. The lesion located in the infra-patellar fat pads in 11 patients. Most lesions were round or oval, with a well-defined margin. The maximum diameters ranged from 2.0 cm to 6.0 cm, with a mean value of 3.1 cm. The signal intensity of these lesions was characteristically heterogeneous on SE T1WI, TSE PDWI, and TSE T2WI, and the whole signal was similar to that of muscles on SE T1WI and TSE PDWI, but a little higher on TSE T2WI. Prominent low signal intensity on T2WI because of deposition of hemosiderin was found within 14 lesions, and 9 of 15 lesions showed characteristically low signal marginal rim. Conclusion MRI features of the localized intra-articular form of PVNS include a well-defined solitary nodule or mass locating in the infra-patellar fat pad, heterogeneous signal intensity, and prominent interior focal low signal or peripheral low signal rim on T2WI.

Objective To construct an adenovirus vector expressing small interfering RNA ( siRNA) targeting to rat Raf-1 gene and identify its function in cardiomyocytes.Methods The siRNA containing DNA sequence targeting to Raf-1 and its negative control sequence were designed, synthesized, annealed and subcloned into adenoviral shuttle vector pAdTrack-CMV.The recombinant adenovirus vector pAd-siRaf-1 was obtained by homologous recombination with pAdTrack-siRaf-1 linearized by PmeI and pAdeasy-1 in bacteria BJ5183, then transfected into HEK293 cells to package the adenovirus.Cardiomyocytes were infected with the adenovirus pAd-siRaf-1, and the expressions of Raf-1 and NF-κB protein were detected by Western blotting.[ 3 H ]-leu incorporation was evaluated by scintillation.The surface area of cardiomyocytes was measured using a HJ2000 image analysis system.Results The adenovirus vectors were verified by enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing.Compared with the Ang II group, Raf-1 and NF-κB expression, the surface area and [ 3 H]-leu incorporation of cardiomyocytes were significantly decreased in cardiomyocytes infected with the adenovirus PAd-siRaf-1.Conclusions A recombinant adenovirus vector containing rat siRaf-1 gene is successfully constructed.It can effectively reduce Raf-1 and NF-κB expression and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by Ang II.