Biopsy ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male

10.3969/j.issn.1007-3969.2013.05.004

Objective In the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M2a), the first CCR (continuous complete remission) has been one of the most critical indicators to the prognosis of the patients. Using microarray approaches, gene expression profiles have been studied in patients with different CCR, in order to find out the genes relevant to the progresses of the AML. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells were collected and used as different experimental groups respectively. Group A composed of three AML patients with CCR<6 months, while group B composed of three AML patients with CCR>12 months. mRNAs were purified and labeled with Cy3 and Cy5 respectively, which were used to hybridize against the Agilent human 1B 60mer oligonucleotide microarrays. Results In the 20173 genes tested, 21 genes were found expressed differentially between these two groups. Of these differentially expressed genes, 10 genes were up-regulated while 11 genes were down-regulated in group A. Conclusion Through microarray studies, 21 genes including APP were found to be differentially expressed in AML patients whom were treated with standard chemotherapy. Theses genes can be early indicators for the diagnosis as well as prognosis of the refractory AML.

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of intrathecal magnesium on bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice.Methods Two hundred and eighty-eight male C3H/HeJ mice,aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 18-22 g,were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =48 each):control group (group C) ; sham operation group (group S) ; BCP + artificial cerebro-spinal fluid (aCSF) 5 μl group (group BCP) ; BCP + MgSO4 14.4 μg group (group M1 ) ; BCP + MgSO4 43.2 μg group (group M2 ) and BCP + MgSO4 86.4 μg group (group M3 ).BCP was produced by injecting fibrosarcoma cells of bone into the medullary cavity of right femur.Intrathecal catheter was placed in the 4 BCP groups.The aCSF 5 μl or MgSO4 14.4μg/5 μl,43.2 μg/5 μl,or 86.4μg/5 μl was injected intrathecally on 14th day after inoculation of tumor cells.The paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimuli (PWMT) and paw withdrawal lateney to thermal stimuli (PWTL) were measured at 0.5 h before administration (T0 ) and at 0.5,2,4 and 8 h after administration (T1-4).Eight animals chosen from each group at T0-4 were sacrificed,and L4-5 segment of the spinal cord was removed for determination of NR2B expression (by immuno-flurorescence) in the spinal cord.Results PWMT and PWTL were significantly decreased at T0-4,and NR2B expression was significantly up-regulated at T0-4 in groups BCP,M1,M2,M3 compared with groups C and S ( P ＜0.05).Compared with group BCP,PWMT and PWTL were significandy increased at T1-3,and NR2B expression was significantly down-regulated at T1-3 in groups M2 and M3 ( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group M2,PWMT and PWTL were significantly increased at T1-3,and NR2B expression was significantly down-regulated at T1-3 in group M3 ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Intrathecal magnesium can reduce BCP in a dose-dependent manner in mice.

Objective To systematically review the preventive efficacy of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists on remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia.Methods Pubmed,EMBase,Springer and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register were searched to identify all randomized controlled trials(RCTs) about efficacy of NMDA receptor antagonists for preventing remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia.The quality of the studies was evaluated by the method recommended by Cochrane Collaboration.The data was extracted,including postoperative analgesic consumption,pain scores,time for first analgesic request and the incidence of adverse effects.Meta-analysis was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0 software.Results Fourteen RCTs involving 623 patients were included in our Meta-analysis.NMDA receptor antagonists significantly decreased pain scores at 4 h after operation ( P ＜ 0.05),and had no effect on postoperative analgesic consumption,time for first analgesic request and the incidence of adverse effects ( P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion NMDA receptor antagonists (ketamine and magnesium)can not prevent the occurrence of postoperative hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil.

OBJECTIVE: To research the effect of thiochroman-4-one derivatives on acetylcholine esterase activity. METHODS: Substituted thiophenols as the starting materials were transformed into 6-hydroxythiochroman-4-ones by substitution reaction and cycliza-tion reaction with concentrated sulfuric acid, and the resultant compounds were reacted with benzylpiperazins to prepare 3-(4-benzylpiperazine-1-methyl) thiochroman-4-ones hydrochloride, and their bioactivities as AChE inhibitors were measured in vitro. RESULTS: The target compounds had AChE inhibitive activity in micromolar range, and compound 8a was better than rivastigmine with IC50=0.96 μmol · L-1. CONCLUSION: 3-(4-Benzylpiperazine-1-methyl) thiochroman-4-ones show anti-acetylcholinesterase activity in vitro, which are worth further research.

Objective To investigate the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride combined with ulinastatin on postoperative cognitive function in the patients undergoing thoracic surgery.Methods One hundred and twenty patients undergoing lung cancer thoracotomic radical resection were randomly divided into hydrochloride penehyclidine composite ulinastatin group(HU group),hydrochloride penehyclidine group(H group),ulinastatin group(U group)and control group(C group).The arterial blood was collected for detecting OI,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8.The serum levels of S-100β and NSE were detected.The MMSE scores were evaluated.Results Compared with the H group and U group,the levels of TNF-α at T3-4 in the HU group were decreased,and the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 at T2-4 were decreased,while OI was increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the H group and U group,the serum levels of S-100β and NSE at T5-8 in the HU group were decreased(P＜0.05);compared with the H group and U group,the MMSE scores at T6-7 in the HU group were increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Penehyclidine hydrochloride combined with ulinastatin could reduce the inflammation reaction during one lung ventilation in thoractomy and improves the postoperative cognitive function.

Objective To establish an experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)model with endo- cerebrovascular peroration.Method The right external carotid artery of SD rats were isolated,leaving a stump of approximately 3 to 4 mm.A-3-O monofilament nylon suture was inserted up through the stump of external carotid artery to the internal carotid artery for about 18～19 mm.A small resistance was usually felt,and the suture was then advanced 2 mm further and the suture was immediately withdrawn.Two hours or two days after SAH induction,SAH extension was observed.Two days after SAH induction,the diameter of the basilar artery was measured.Results SAH extends from the ipsilateral artery to the eontralateral artery after SAH induction.The diameters of basilar arteries in SAH animals were smaller than those of control rats,indicating the present of cerebrovascular spasm in SAH animals.Conclusions The endo-cerebrovascular perforation technique for establishing a non-craniotomy SAH model is reliable.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of intrathecal injection of magnesium sulfate ( MgSO4 ) on pain behavior in mouse with bone cancer pain.Methods56 male 8-10 week old C3H/HeJ mice weighing 18-22 g were divided randomly into 7 groups ( n =8 ):sham group (S group),control group (C group) and MgSO4 plus morphine treat groups( T1-T5 group).Croup C and T mice were induced bone cancer pain models by intra-rightfemur inoculation of osteolytic NCTC2472 cells while group S were injected of only α-MEM.On the 14d after inoculation,group S and C received intrathecal injection of artificial cerebrospinal fluid 5 μl,while group T1-T5 received intrathecal injection of MgSO4 14.4 μg,43.2 μg,86.4 μg,morphine 0.36 μg,MgSO4 14.4 μg-morphine 0.36 μg,which were dissolved in 5 μl artificial cerebrospinal fluid.Micc received pain behavior tests including quantification of spontaneous flinches,paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) at 0.5h before and 0.5h,2h,4h,gh after administration.ResultsTreatment with MgSO4 (14.4 μg),morphine (0.36 μg) have no effect on bone cancer pain,while treatment with MgSO4 (43.2 μg,86.4 μg)can dose-dependently reverse quantification of spontaneous flinches,mechanical allodynia and thermal hypcralgesia which were induced by inoculation as well as MgSO4 14.4 μg-morphine 0.36 μg.At 0.5 h after administration,the quantification of spontancous flinches of the three groups( ( 10.08 ± 1.66),(7.35 ± 1.36),( 10.54 ± 1.32 ) ) were decrcased when compared with control group ( 13.05 ± 2.06 ),PWMT ( (0.81 ± 0.22 ) g; ( 1.33 ± 0.19)g; (0.93 ±0.26)g),PWTL( (10.57 ±1.53)s; (13.12 ±1.71)s; (11.46 ±1.83)s) were increased when compared with control group ( (0.42 ± 0.23 ) g,( 8.87 ± 1.27 ) s) (P ＜ 0.05 ).The effect reached maximum level at 2h,lasted for at least 4h and disappeared at 8h.ConclusionIntrathecal injection MgSO4 can effectively attenuate bone cancer pain dose-dependently.At the same time MgSO4 can amplify the analgesic effect of subliminal morphine.

Objective To investigate the effects of ischemic preconditioning on pneumocyte apoptosis and the expression of HSFT0 after lung isehemia-reperfusion(I/R) in rats and discuss its possible mechanism of extenu-ating ischemia-repedusion injury. Method Thirtysix male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups [ sham operation(SO ) group, ischemia-teperfusion(L/R) group, and ischemic preconditioning(IP) group],twelve in each group. Lung croas-clamping was used to build the L/R model. In IP group, three cycles of 5-minute-ischemia + 5-minute-reperfusion were given to the pulmonary artery before the procedure. Sham operation rats had a thoracotomy only. Two hours(or five hours) reperfusion was given to both L/R and IP group. Tenninal-deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Mediated d-UTP Nick End Labeiing(TUNEL) was used to evaluate apoptosis. Expression of HSP/0 in lung was observed by immunohistochemical stain and image analysis. Index of quantitative assessment of histologic lung injury(IQA), wet to dry weight ratio(W/D) were measured. The pathological change of lung tissue was observed under both hght and electron microscopy. Statistical analysis was carried out by One-way Anova. Scheffe test was used for intragroup comparison. Results The apoptosis index and expression of HSP70、W/D,IQA of hng tissue in I/R group were higher than those in the sham operation group (P<0.01). Compared with the L/R group, the apoptosis index and expression of HSP70, W/D, IQA of lung tissue significantly decreased (P<0.01), the levels of expression of HSPTO increased significantly in IP group ( P<0.01 ). The pathological and ultrastructure change of lung tissue was better in IP group than those in I/R group. Condusions Ischemic preconditioning can extenuate lung I/R injury by the possible mechanism of increasing the expression of HSPT0 which inhibits the apoptosis during lung I/R injury.