Objective To reduce the execution time of neural network training. Methods Parallel particle swarm optimization algorithm based on master-slave model is proposed to train radial basis function neural networks, which is implemented on a cluster using MPI libraries for inter-process communication. Results High speed-up factor is achieved and execution time is reduced greatly. On the other hand, the resulting neural network has good classification accuracy not only on training sets but also on test sets. Conclusion Since the fitness evaluation is intensive, parallel particle swarm optimization shows great advantages to speed up neural network training.

Background The visual evoked potential (VEP) is an important functional index to assess visual cortex plasticity.Monocular form deprivation(MD) of rat is a classic model to study visual cortex plasticity change.Utilizing VEP technique record the shift of ocular dominance in adult rats model is of an important significance for explore the treating opportunities of amblyopia.Objective The present study was to observe the pattern VEP changes in different ages of Long-Evens rats and the adult rats after binocular form deprivation.Methods Thirty-six healthy SPF Long-Evens rats were divided into PW3,PW4,PW5,PW6 groups according to the postnatal weeks,and PW7 rats included 36 SPF Long-Evens rats.The left eye lids of the rats were sutured in PW3,PW6 and PW7 rats for 3,5,7 days respectively,and PVEP in both left and right eye were recorded to assess the rat age that visual cortex plasticity ended.Bilateral PVEP were recorded in PW7 rats,and the bilateral eyelids were sutured to establish the bilateral form deprivation models.The right eyes were opened in 7,10,14 days,and the left eyes were opened in the next 3,5,7 days respectively and the PVEPs were recorded again to find the shift of ocular dominance and whether binocular form deprivation induce the visual cortex plasticity in adult rats.Results The P100amplitudes of the left eyes were gradually declined and those of the right eyes were raised from 3 to 7 days after MD of the left eyes in rats of PW3 group in comparison with before MD ( P＜0.01 ).In PW6 groups,no significant changes in P100amplitudes of both the right and left eyes were found in the third day after MD,but significant raise in the right eyes and lowing in the left eyes were seen in the 5 and 7 days after MD in comparison with before MD(P＜0.01 ).No any P100changes in both eyes were found in 3-7 days after MD compared with before MD in PW7 rats (P＞0.05).The C/I ratio (contralateral VEP amplitude to ipsilateral VEP amplitude in occluded eyes) in the rats of PW3,PW4 and PW5 groups were 1.07±0.15,1.16±0.16 and 1.14±0.15 respectively in 3 days after MD,showing the significant lowing in comparison with before MD (2.69±0.45,2.58±0.4,2.62±0.32) (P＜0.01),but those of PW6 and PW7 were unchanged (2.80±0.48 vs 2.90±0.46,2.59 ±0.36 vs 2.90±0.46,P＞0.05 ),indicating the absence of ocular dominance plasticity in the adult rats.In rats of PW7 with binocular form deprivation for 14 days,a significant decrease was observed in the C/I ratio in rats with next MD for 3 days,demonstrating that the visual cortex plasticity was reactivated after 14 days of binocular form deprivation in PW7 rats( 1.33±0.18 vs 2.70±0.45,P＜0.01 ).Conclusions PVEP can be recorded in Long-Evens rats.It is a major index for identifying the shift of ocular dominance in the Long-Evens rats.Binocular form deprivation can reflect the visual cortex plasticity in the adult rats.

AIM:To find an efficient and simple surgical procedure of the external dacryocystorhinostomy ( EXT- DCR) in the treatment of chronic dacryocystitis.
METHODS:A total of 270 cases were performed in this retrospective study. A comparison of clinical effects and hemorrhage complications between the experimental group, in which 189 eyes of 167 patients that underwent traditional EXT-DCR without packing, and the control group, in which 121 eyes of 103 patients that underwent traditional EXT-DCR with Vaseline gauze were performed. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 6 to 36mo ( the mean follow-up was 15±3. 6mo).
RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the curative rates between the two groups (97. 9% vs 97. 5%, P>0. 05). But the incidence rate of moderate or severe postoperative nasal bleeding was lower in the experimental group (15. 9%, 30 eyes) than the control group (31. 4%, 38 eyes) and P<0. 01.
CONLUSION: The traditional EXT - DCR without packingis an effective procedure and is more effective in reducing moderate or severe postoperative bleeding when the intraoperative anastomose and the postoperative drainage are well done and the intraoperative bleeding is well controlled.

AIM:To compare the synergistic effect of eupolyphaga on chemotherapeutics of digestive canal cancer.METHODS: Drug sensitivity of stomach cancer cell(BGC-823) was determined in vitro by MTT anti-tumor screening assay for eupolyphaga with HCPT,5-Fu,Oxa,docelaxel,by comparing cell inhibition,the synergistic effect of eupolyphaga was analysed to find the best synergistic drug.RESULTS: The synergistic effects of eupolyghaga were more significant in HCPT and Oxa than those of 5-Fu and docelaxel in vitro(P

This paper observed the influence of water-soluble Chitosan on the growth of bacteria cultured in vitro with solid medium. The results showed that Escherichia coli、staphylo- coccus aureus、Bacillus subtillus、Sarcina and Actinomyces5406 could be inhibited to different degrees by Chitosan with certain concertrations. The corresponding MIC Were 0. 5%、0. 3%、 0. 5%、0. 3% and 0. 5%. The results also showed that Chitosan had stable antibacterial action after being treated with heat and it could keep instant flavouring kelp fresh and antiseptic.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sterilization steps and effects of low temperature plasma on heat-resistant items. METHODS Low temperature plasma sterilization was adopted to operate according to standard procedures including pre-sterilizaing, packaging, sterilization, unloading and storageing. RESULTS Low temperature plasma had the features of reliable sterilization effect, easy to monitor, short time needed, and high utilization rate which could greatly increase the number of surgery and have a long term storage. CONCLUSIONS Low temperature plasma sterilization is a kind of fast, safe and effective way of sterilization by which the sterilization quality is guaranteed and the hospital infection rate is reduced greatly to meet the clinical demands to sterile items.

BACKGROUND:Streptozotocin-induced diabetic ophthalmopathy is commonly used in animal models, but the pathological changes are local that mainly emphasize on the retina. Little evidence is found about the animal models of the pathology of diabetic ophthalmopathy. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the long-term stability of type 2 diabetic melitus rat models induced by streptozotocin combined with high-fat feeding and to observe the characteristics of eye disease. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into control group and diabetes group. Control group was given normal feeding, while diabetes group was given intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin combined with high-fat feeding to establish diabetic models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, at 1 month after modeling, the fasting blood glucose levels increased, and the insulin sensitivity index decreased in the diabetic group (P < 0.05). Evans blue staining results showed that, at 3 months after modeling, retinal cel lesions exacerbated in the diabetic group; at 5 months after modeling, retinal blood vessels traveled in circuity and disorderly, accompanied by the leakage in the diabetic group, Evans blue content in the retina increased as the time after modeling went by (P < 0.05). Under transmission electron microscopy, at 5 months after modeling, the eye lenses in the diabetes group were flocculent pieces, which were the typical characteristics of cataract. Experimental findings indicate that the rat model of type 2 diabetic melitus induced by streptozotocin combined with high-fat feeding has a long-term stability, and its eye changes are consistent with the characteristics of diabetic ophthalmopathy. Therefore, it is an ideal animal model for diabetic ophthalmopathy.

Genomics ; Proteomics ; Toxicology

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of infective endoearditis complicated with intracranial hemorrhage.Methods The clinical characteristics,brain CT and MRI results and prognosis of 7 patients with infective endocarditis and intracranial hemorrhage admitted between January 1991 and May 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All seven patients presented varying degrees of fever,cardiac murmur and neurological symptoms.The continuous fever lasted from 21 d to 227 d (average 91 d).Mitral valve (4 cases) and aortic valve (3 cases) were the most common affected ones.The brain CT or MRI scan presented intracranial hemorrhage in 6 cases.More than 2 hemorrhage locations were found in 5 patients and parietal lobe was most common one (4 cases).All patients were treated with antimicrobial agents and three patients underwent valve replacement surgery.Three patients were cured and another 2 died due to fatal hemorrhage.Conclusions Patients with long fever history and ineffective antimicrobial treatment are prone to intracranial hemorrhage.Brain CT or MRI scan need be performed in infective endocardits when neurological symptoms are present,and brain angiography should be also considered if necessary.

Objective:To determine the effect of standardized patients in medical international students' graduation practice assessment.Methods:The students were divided into two groups ofstandardized patient assessment and traditional assessment,the theoretical and professional performance was compared and analyzed after the assessments.All the students were investigated using questionnaire.Result:The students assessed using standardized patients reported higher skill scores than those with traditional assessments,and the difference was statistically significant.However,no difference was observed in theoretical scores.Gorcltusion:The introduction of standardized patient to medical international students' graduation practice assessment alleviates the status that emphasizes theory but ignores practice due to the lack of clinical resources,eliminates the obstacles in the communication between students and patients,and is conducive to the cultivation of humanistic quality and adaptability of the students.It is worthy popularizing in international students' graduation practice assessment.