Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Occupational Medicine ; methods

For the preparation of implementing IEC 60601-1 Ed. 3.1 in advance, this paper analyzes the main difference between IEC 60601-1 Ed. 3.1 and GB 9706.1-2007, and discusses the possible influence to medical device designing and testing.
Equipment Design ; standards ; Equipment and Supplies ; standards

Objective Investigation and analysis of intelligence and psychomotor function in children born after implementingt universal salt iodization(USI). Methods Historical serious illness areas of water iodine below 10μg/L were selected as study sites, water iodine in 50 - 100 μg/L in the historical non-endemic areas were as control points in Henan, 2008. Cluster sampling was used to select children aged 6 - 15 years as observing subjects,IQ were measured with CRT- Man Test(CRT-C2). A "Tianjin Medical psychomotor test battery" (JPB) was carry out to test psychomotor function. Results In IDD regions 230 children were surveyed post-USI and 1284 children preUSI. The IQs post and pre USI were 99.3 and 99.9, respectively, and the proportion of IQ ≤69 were 2.17%(6/230) and 2.80%(36/1284), respectively. In non-IDD regions 650 children were surveyed post-USI and 2079children pre-USI. The IQs post and pre USI were 95.3 and 93.8, respectively, and the proportion of IQ ≤ 69 were 2.31%(15/650) and 3.37%(70/2079), respectively. In IDD regions, the abnormal rate of T scores and damage index post USI were 3.6%(2/56), 5.3%(3/56), respectively, significantly lower than pre USI [18.1%(29/160),18.1%(29/160), x2 = 7.54, 6.86, all P ＜ 0.01]. Conclusions USI could increase the IQs of children and decrease the positive rate of JPB, and significantly improve the quality of whole nation and persistently eliminating IDD.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the natural receptor of lipopolysaccharide(LPS), plays an important role in the regulation of acute inflammation, intracellular signal transduction and cell apoptosis. TLR4 over expresses in both acute inflammation and fibrotic tissues, which suggests that TLR4 may be essential in acute inflammation and subsequent fibrosis. Nowadays, some progress has been made in the exploration of TLR4 in pathogenesis and treatment of liver cirrhosis and pulmonary fibrosis. TLR4 may become a new target in the treatment of human fibrotic diseases including liver cirrhosis and pulmonary fibrosis. The research status of TLR4 in human fibrotic diseases and its future development are reviewed in this paper.

Objective To establish determination method for total polyphenols in Guhong Injection, and provide reference for internal quality control of Guhong Injection.[Methods]Using the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method, according to the consistent degree of the maximum absorption wavelengths of hydroxysafflor yel ow A and kaempferol relative to Guhong Injection, we selected the appropriate reference and color reaction condition to content determination.[Rsults]With hydroxysafflor yel ow A as the standard, the content of total polyphenols in 10 batches of samples were 9.94, 9.55, 9.75, 9.67, 9.84, 10.03, 9.81, 9.52, 9.88, 10.09mg·mL-1. The average recovery of total polyphenols was 98.11% and RSD was 1.68%(n=6). [Conclusion]The established Folin-Ciocalteu method is simple, accurate, sensitive, and is reliable for detecting total polyphenols in Guhong Injection.

Objective To explore the effect and complication of diode laser and long-pulsed alexandrite laser for hair removal in different skin type.Methods A total of 1061 patients (1741 sites) were divided into 2 groups by skin type:one group were treated with diode laser,with wave length of 810 nm,and pulse width of 400 ms,with 12 mm × 10 mm spot size; another group were treated with long-pulsed alexandrite laser,with wave length of 755 nm,of pulse width of 20 ms,with 12.5 mm spot size,50-60 days intermitted between each treatment.Results The effect of hair removal by two lasers in different skin type was without divergence,but to darker skin,complication was lower when treated by diode laser.Conclusions The effect of hair removal by two lasers in different skin type is similar,but diode laser on hair removal is much safer to dark skin.

Objective To investigate the causes and treatment methods of complications induced by the long-pulsed alexandrite laser on hair removal. Methods A total of 2 562 patients (3 279 sites) with unwanted hairs were treated by the long-pulsed alexandrite laser. Wave length was 755 nm. With 20 msec pulse width. 12. 5 mm spot size, 12. 0-16. 5 J/cm2 treatment energy, and 50-60 days intermitted between each treatment. Results There were 242 patients with complications such as erythema, eruption, blister, bulla, hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, and scar. Conclusion The long-pulsed alexandrite laser on hair removal is effective and safe, and the correct procedures of treatment can reduce the complications.

Colorectal cancer( CRC) has become one of the major cancer threatening residents′health all around the world, and considerable resources are needed for its prevention and control.Economics evaluation could provide the basis of decision-making for improving the allocation efficiency of health resources in the field of CRC prevention and control.This paper comprehensively reviewed the papers that have been published in the field of colorectal cancer screening,from the points of view of published time,regional economic evaluation re-search,evaluation method,the research angle,input and output measurement,model,recommend strategy.

Objective To evaluate the methods of postoperative respiratory management and complications prevention of patients with myasthenia gravis who received thymectomy. Methods According to the accumulated scores of myasthenic crisis prediction, the patients with myasthenia gravis who underwent thymectomy in the past 5 years were divided into 2 groups: high risk group(12, n=11). The time of mechanical ventilation, restoration of muscle strength and spontaneously breathing during extubation, results of arterial blood gas analysis, body temperature, chest X-ray examination and sputum culture of each patient were analyzed. Results The time of mechanical ventilation in high risk group (18~30 h, 26 h in average) was longer than that in control group(4~28 h, 14 h in average)(P

Objective To study the high risk factors of anastomotic leakage after colon cancer surgery ,so as to provide evidence for the prevention of anastomotic leakage. Methods Fifty-three patients with anastomotic leakage after colon cancer surgery of 916 cases were selected as research objects,then the correlation between systemic factors,local factors and occurrence of anastomotic leakage was analyzed and studied. Results The correlation between age, ASA grade, serum hemoglobin, red blood cell, total protein, fasting blood glucose of systemic factors except for sex and occurrence of anastomotic leakage was obvious (P< 0.05). There was correlation between the methods of anastomosis, anastomotic tension, setting position of drainage tube, intestinal obstruction, abdominal infection and degree of tumor differentiation except for with or without chemotherapy and radiotherapy and occurrence of anastomotic leakage(P < 0.05). Conclusion The high risk factors of anastomotic leakage after colon cancer surgery are multiple,and well various work should be done during perioperative period.