Objective To retrospectively analyse the irregular antibodies of the local blood donors ,in order to find the rules ,To ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical blood transfusion .Methods Collected 169 860 blood donors specimens with the spe‐cific antigen of red blood cells in Shenzhen area from February 2011 to December 2012 ,through Brine method for detection of irreg‐ular antibodies ,positive samples would be identified the specificity of antibodies in blood typing department .Results 169 860 healthy blood donors of irregular antibodies were positive in 36 cases(0 .021% ) ,with 12 cases anti‐M ,4 cases anti‐D ,1 case anti‐P1 ,2 cases anti‐A1 ,1 case of cold antibody ,anti‐M with other irregular antibody in 1 cases ;Male irregular antibody positive rate was 0 .013% (15/118 723) ,female irregular antibody positive rate was 0 .041% (21/51 137) .Conclusion The positive rate of irregular antibody in female blood donors is higher than male blood donors ,and the positive rate of irregular antibody of blood donors is low in this area ,which need to be combined with other irregular antibody detection method to improve the detection rate and ensure the safety and effective of blood transfusion .

Objective To optimize static pressurized liquid extraction(PLE) method for the extraction of aristolochic acids Ⅰ and Ⅱ(AAⅠ and AAⅡ) from Fructus Aristolochiae and study the influences of related factors.Methods The univariate design was introduced.The operational parameters,such as the type of solvent,particle size of the sample powder,extraction temperature,pressure,static time,flush volume,the number of cycles,and the amount of sample were optimized.Results The optimized result employed methanol as extraction solvent,particle size of 100—120 meshes,extraction temperature of 120 ℃,extraction pressure of 10.3 MPa,static time of 10 min,flush volume of 40%,1 cycle,and sample amount of 1.00 g.The method was applied for four species of traditional Chinese medicinal materials including Fructus Aristolochiae,Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis,Radix Aristolochiae,and Radix Arsitolochiae Fangchi.Conclusion This method can be used to completely extract AAⅠ and AAⅡ from Fructus Aristolochiae in once extraction.The comparison shows that this static PLE method is better than ultrasonication and Soxhlet methods with higher extraction efficiency and less time-consuming.It is also better than the dynamic one in the extraction of AAs from Radix Aristolochiae.

Objective: To investigate the trends in incidence of stroke in Jindong District, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2022, so as to provide to the evidence for improving the stroke control strategy. Methods: The incidence of stroke in Jindong District from 2016 to 2022 was collected through the Zhejiang Chronic Disease Monitoring Information System, and standardized by the data of the Chinese National Population Census in 2010. The gender-, age- and subtype-specific incidence of stroke was calculated, and the trends in stroke incidence were investigated with average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: A total of 9 159 stroke cases were reported in Jindong District from 2016 to 2022, with crude incidence of 386.52/105 and standardized incidence of 276.75/105. The crude incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise (AAPC=3.704%, 95%CI: 0.792%-6.700%, P<0.05), while the standardized incidence showed no significant changing patterns (P>0.05). The crude incidence of stroke was significantly higher among men than among women (438.69/105 vs. 334.66/105; χ2=14.028, P<0.05), and the standardized incidence of stroke was significantly higher among men than among women (316.58/105 vs. 237.31/105; χ2=6.985, P<0.05). The crude incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise with age（χ2=5 290.180, P<0.05), and the crude incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a decline with age among residents at ages of 45 to 64 years (AAPC=-9.135%, 95%CI: -15.003% to -2.861%, P<0.05), while no significant changing patterns were found in the crude incidence of stroke among residents at other age groups (P>0.05). The crude incidence of ischemic stroke was significantly higher than that of hemorrhagic stroke (306.08/105 vs. 76.89/105; χ2=137.184, P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise in Jindong District from 2016 to 2022, with ischemic stroke as the predominant subtype. Male and middle-aged and elderly populations should be given a high priority for stroke control.

Objective: To establish a method for the determination of furans in tea by headspace-gas chromatographic mass spectrometry. Methods: The 20% sodium chloride solution and isotope internal standards were added to the crushed and weighed tea sample. Furan, 2-methylfuran, 3-methylfuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran were separated by HP-PLOT Q capillary column and then determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry with electron impact ionization mode. Results: In the range of 5-400 ng, good linear relationships were observed in the four furan compounds, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.999 2 to 0.999 6. The detection limits ranged from 0.2 to 1.9 μg/kg, the quantification limit ranged from 0.4 to 3.1 μg/kg. The recovery rates of furans ranged from 95.4% to 128.2% when spiked at 5.0, 20.0 and 100.0 μg/kg, and the relative standard deviations ranged from 0.8% to 11.3%. Eighty-one tea samples were determined, the concentration of four furan compounds was highest in black tea, followed by dark tea, oolong tea, green tea and scented tea. Conclusion Headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry can reduce the matrix interference of tea, and meet the requirements in the linear range, recovery and precision, which is suitable for simultaneous determination of four furan compounds in tea.

BACKGROUND:Tranexamic acid is a synthetic anti-fibrinolytic drug, and can effectively control blood loss after total knee arthroplasty through vein. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss after primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty. METHODS:From 2014 to 2015, 100 patients from the Department of Lower Limb, Sichuan Orthopaedic Hospital underwent primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty, and randomly divided into test group which used tranexamic acid and control group which used tranexamic acid, with 50 cases in each group. 1 g tranexamic acid was infused into the vein at 10 minutes before total knee arthroplasty in the test group, but tranexamic acid was not given in the control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The amount of total blood loss, postoperative wound drainage in 24 hours, and the amount of blood transfusion were significantly less in the test group than in the control group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in intraoperative blood loss and the number of patients receiving blood transfusion were found between the test and control groups. No significant difference in preoperative hemoglobin levels was detected before surgery, but hemoglobin levels were decreased after surgery between the two groups. Postoperative hemoglobin levels were apparently higher in the test group than in the control group after surgery. At 24 hours after surgery, no significant difference in coagulation was detectable between the two groups. At 6 days, double lower limb vein color Doppler ultrasound examination did not reveal deep vein thrombosis in both groups. These findings verify that treatment with tranexamic acid in the vein before primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty can evidently diminish the amount of perioperative blood loss and blood transfusion, reduce the risk and cost of blood transfusion, which is good for rehabilitation and does not increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis.

Objective To explore the effect of in utero exposure to inlfammation on innate immune response in preterm infants. Methods Forty-seven premature infants with gestational age<35 weeks were recruited in this study. According to his-tological evidence of placental infection, all neonates were divided into intrauterine inlfammation positive group and negative group. Mononuclear cells and monocytes were isolated from umbilical cord blood, and were cultured in vitro in the presence or absence of LPS (100 ng/ml). The levels of interleukin 1β(IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in cord blood plasma and monocyte cultural supernatants were measured by ELISA respectively. The level of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 mRNA were detected by Real-time PCR. Expression of HLA-DR on surface of CD14+monocytes and ratio of CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+T was analyzed by lfow cytometry. Results (1) The level of cord plasma IL-6 in intrauterine inlfammation positive group was signiifcantly higher than in negative group. (P=0.02). (2) After stimulation of LPS, levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 in supernatants were increased signiifcantly, in consistence with their mRNA expression (P<0.05) in both groups. (3) Expression of HLA-DR on surface of monocytes was signiifcantly decreased after stimulation with LPS in intrauterine inlfammation positive group (P=0.012), but was signiifcantly increased in negative group (P=0.0305). Con-clusions In utero exposure to inlfammation does not suppress the response of monocytes to LPS in preterm neonates, but impairs the antigen presenting function in monocytes.

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after endovascular therapy in patients with peripheral arterial diseases and to evaluate the conformance of serum cystatin C (Cys C) and serum creatinine in diagnosis of CIN. Methods In this prospective,single center study,in-hospital patients with peripheral arterial diseases undergoing non-emergency endovascular therapy from July 2010 to April 2011 in our hospital were enrolled.CIN was defined asScr increase ≥25％ after angiography.General clinical characteristics and blood biochemical parameters were compared between the non-CIN and CIN groups.Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine risk factors.Changes compared to baseline level in serum creatinine and Cys C at predefined time-points were evaluated.Results A total of 367 patients were enrolled in the study.The proportions of patients with diabetes mellims and treatment with diuretics before angiography,contrast-media dosage were significantly higher in the CIN group than those in non-CIN group (P＜0.05,＜0.01,＜0.01).Logistic regression analysis indicated that diabetes mellitus,contrast-media dosage were risk factors for CIN.Several serum Cys C increase criteria at 24 hours after contrast media exposure all had low sensitivity for predicting a Scr increase ≥25％.Only small overlapped regions were found in Venn diagram between several increasing criteria according to serum Cys C and serum creatinine criterion. Conclusions Diabetes mellitus,contrast-media dosage are independent risk factors for CIN.The results of several increasing criteria according to serum Cys C in evaluating contrast-induced AKI are not coincident well with that of serum creatinine criterion.

ObjectiveTo explore the value of virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ) in the evaluation of clinical pathological typing of advanced gastric cancer.MethodsFifty six patients who had been diagnosed as gastric cancer were examined using acoustic radiation force impulse.According to clinical pathological typing,all cases were divided into highly-moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (14 cases) and non-highly-moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (42 cases).A comparison with clinical pathologic results was made after surgery.The correlation of VTQ results and clinical pathological typing of gastric cancer was analyzed.ResultsThe VTQ value of highly-moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma was lower than that of non-highly-moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma [(1.49 ± 0.44) m/s vs (2.12 ± 0.45) m/s],with statistical significance( t =-4.53,P ＜0.05).According to the maximum area under the ROC curve,the cutoff value of VTQ was 1.795 m/s,the sensitivity and specificity were 78％ and 86％,respectively,the Youden's index was 0.64,and with high reproducibility(Kappa =0.81).ConclusionsVTQ could initial estimate the clinical pathological typing of advanced gastric cancer before operation.

ObjectiveTo explore the value of virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ) in evaluating Lauren classification of advanced gastric carcinoma.MethodsForty-one patients with gastric cancer proved by endoscopic biopsy performed preoperative VTQ examination,and the findings were compared with postoperative pathologic results via hematoxylin -eosin and Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid Schiff (AB-PAS) staining.ResultsIn 41 patients,26 cases were diagnosed as diffuse type and 15 cases as intestinal type by pathology after operation.The shear wave velocity(SWV) of diffuse type was higher than that of intestinal type [(1.72± 0.83)m/s vs (1.05± 0.66)m/s,t =2.819,P=0.008] measured by virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ).According to the area under the ROC curve,the cut- off value of SWV in gastric cancer tissues for assessing the diffuse type was 1.045 m/s with a sensitivity of 80.8％ and specificity of 73.3 ％ respectively.ConclusionsVTQ could be considered as a promising method to distinguish the Lauren classification in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate bone marrow smear examination in early diagnosis of AIDS complicated with disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection. Methods Seventy-three clinically suspected AIDS patients complicated with disseminated PeniciUium marneffei infection were included in the study. Peripheral blood and bone marrow smear examinations, and the fungal thermally dimorphic culture were performed in all cases. Results PeniciUium marneffei infection was identified in 44 patients by peripheral blood and bone marrow fungal thermally dimorphic culture. The features of the bone marrow smear were as follows : they were all hyperplastic or significantly hyperplastic; there were thickened and increased granules, vacuolization and band-formed in most granulocytes; there were increased and augmented histiocytes, and increased plasma cells. In 12 samples of bone marrow smear, there were phagncytized mulberry-like Penicillium marneffei organisms in the cytoplasm of the histiocytes or the organisms found extracellularly. One sample demonstrated the increased granulocytes and the phagocytized organisms in the neutrophils and monocytes. In 4 samples of peripheral blood smear, there were phagocytized Penicillium marneffe organisms in the neutrophils and monocytes. Conclusion Bone marrow smear examination is of value in early diagnosis of AIDS complicated with disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection, which is 7 to 10 days earlier than routine fungal thermally dimorphic culture.