OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Modified Yiqi Chutan Recipe (MYCR) on blood flow perfusion in treating mid-late stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients by using multislice CT perfusion (CTP) , and to assess the relationship between each CTP parameter and the prognosis as well.

METHODSTotally 87 mid-late stage NSCLC patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group (44 cases, Shenyi Capsule + MYCR +chemotherapy) and the control group (43 cases, chemotherapy alone) in the ratio of 1:1. And 21 days consisted of 1 therapeutic course, 4 courses in total. All of them underwent CTP of primary tumor and routine thoracic CT examination (plain CT and enhancement CT) 3 times (before therapy, after 2 and 4 cycles). CT findings were analyzed for tumor size and perfusion parameters [blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), permeability surface (PS), mean transit time (MTT), and time to peak (TP) before and after treatment, and relationship between perfusion parameters and prognosis was also assessed.

RESULTSIn 87 cases, 7 dropped out and 80 cases were available, 40 in the treatment group and 40 in the control group. (1) The relief rate was 47.5% (19/40) and the total stable rate was 77.5% (31/40) in the treatment group, and they were 40.0% (16/40) and 65.0% (26/40) in the control group, with no statistical difference between the two groups (χ² = 0.672, 1.227; P > 0.05). (2) Compared with before treatment group in the same group, BF and PS decreased, and MTT increased in the two groups after 2 and 4 courses (P < 0.05); BE and PS decreased, and MTT increased in the control group after 2 courses (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group after 4 courses, BE decreased more significantly in the treatment group (P < 0.05). (3) After 4 courses, all patients were assigned to the remission group (35 cases) and the non-remission group (45 cases) according to the RECIST standard. Compared with before treatment in the same group, BF, BF, and PS all decreased, and MTT increased in the remission group after treatment (all P < 0.05); BF increased in the non-remission group after treatment (P < 0.05). (4) All patients were assigned to the BE increase group (34 cases) and the BE decrease group (46 cases) according to changed BE values after treatment. Results showed the mean survival rate was 246 days in the BF increase group (the 1-year accumulative survival rate being 13.0%) and 387 days in the BE decrease group (the 1-year accumulative survival rate being 53.1%). The life span was prolonged and the 1-year accumulative survival rate was elevated in the BE increase group, with statistical difference as compared with the BE decrease group (χ² = 19.057, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSShenyi Capsule plus MYCR could reduce BE in mid-late stage NSCLC patients , improve vascular permeability, showing better synergistic effect with chemotherapy. CTP could not only reflect the change of tumor size, but also reflect vascular function of the tumor. Meanwhile, changes of CTP parameters were closely associated with prognosis. Patients with post-treatment decreased BE value had better prognosis and longer life span.

Capillary Permeability ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Organ transplantation is the gold standard of treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure.However,transplant recipients must take immunosuppressive drugs lifelong to fight against rejection,which is inevitably caused by the recipient' s immune system in response to transplanted foreign tissues.Despite advances in the prevention of acute rejection,it is still a significant and potentially devastating complication of solid organ transplantation.Moreover,chronic allograft dysfunction as a result of acute and chronic alloimmune-mediated injury still develops in a majority of transplant recipients regardless of continuous immunosuppression.While host adaptive immune responses elicited by T lymphocytes are primarily responsible for allotransplant rejection,emerging evidence supports an important role of the innate immune system in the development of organ rejection.Innate immune recognition is initiated by a set of diverse receptors that belong to different protein families including the family of toll-like receptors (TLRs).TLR signaling is a highly specialized system that can identify a variety of microbial and endogenous mediators,and activate the innate immune system in response to danger.The discovery of TLRs over the past 10 years has started a new era in understanding the molecular events that initiate and regulate the inflammatory response following organ transplantation.They influence the adaptive immune reactions and contribute to ischemic reperfusion injury,acute and chronic allograft rejection,and tolerance induction.Their role as potential targets for therapeutic intervention has just begun to be appreciated.In this article,we summarize the structural and functional characteristics of TLRs and their ligands.We focus on the studies to define the roles of TLRs in ischemic reperfusion injury,allotransplant rejection,and immune regulation in both animal models and clinical transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 ) during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R ) in rats .Methods Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats , aged 8-12 weeks ,weighing 280-320 g ,were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n= 12 each ):sham operation group (group S ) , cerebral I/R group (group I/R ) and dexmedetomidine group (group D ) .The animals were anesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate 3.5 ml/kg .The focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion using a nylon thread with rounded tip inserted into internal carotid artery and advanced cranially until resistance was met .In group D ,dexmedetomidine 3μg/kg was injected intravenously immediately after beginning of ischemia ,followed by infusion at 3μg·kg-1 ·h-1 for 120 min ,while the equal volume of normal saline was given in group I/R .Four rats from each group were chosen at 24 ,48 and 72 h of reperfusion , and blood samples were taken from the left ventricle to determine the concentrations of serum S100B protein .The rats were then sacrificed and the brains were removed to determine the expression of TNF-αand ICAM-1 in brain tissues .Results Compared with group S ,the concentrations of serum S100B protein were significantly increased , and the expression of TNF-α and ICAM-1 in brain tissues was up-regulated in I/R and D groups ( P<0.05) .Compared with group I/R ,the concentrations of serum S100B protein were significantly decreased , and the expression of TNF-α and ICAM-1 in brain tissues was down-regulated in group D ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine reduces the cerebral I/R injury is related to down-regulation of TNF-αand ICAM-1 expression in rats .

Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; blood ; Electric Stimulation ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Female ; Heart Arrest ; blood ; Male ; Rabbits ; Resuscitation ; methods

Animals ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Disease Models, Animal ; Rabbits

Objective To evaluate the effect of the endotracheal tube (ETT) depth on the efficacy of bronchial blocker when used for one-lung ventilation.Methods Sixty patients of both sexes,aged 46-78 yr,weighing 48-85 kg,with body mass index＜30 kg/m2,scheduled for elective thoracotomy requiring one-lung ventilation,were divided into 2 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:the distance between the tip of ETT and the carina was 3 cm group (group Ⅰ) and the ETT cuff was placed at 2 cm below the glottis group (group Ⅱ).The bronchial blocker was inserted under the guidance of a fiberoptic bronchoscope.The ETT depth,time to bronchial blocker position,development of bronchial blocker displacement and increase in airway peak pressure,degree of lung collapse,severity of postoperative tracheal mucous membrane injury and development of sore throat and hoarseness were recorded.Results Compared with group Ⅰ,the ETT depth was significantly shallower,the time to bronchial blocker position was shortened,postoperative tracheal mucous membrane injury was attenuated (P＜0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in the incidence of bronchial blocker displacement and increase in airway peak pressure,degree of lung collapse or incidence of sore throat and hoarseness in group Ⅱ (P＞0.05).Conclusion The ETT depth the ETT cuff placed at 2 cm below the glottis can improve the efficacy of bronchial blocker when used for one-lung ventilation.

Objective: To understand the characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022, so as to provide insights into AIDS prevention and control among young students. Methods: Data of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students at ages of 15 years and older in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022 were collected through the Infectious Disease Surveillance System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System and the Sentinel Surveillance Questionnaire Survey System database of the AIDS Prevention and Control Information System. Demographic information, high-risk behaviors, detection pathways and the first measurement of CD4+T lymphocyte cell (CD4 cell) counts were analyzed. Results: A total of 205 HIV/AIDS cases among young students were newly reported in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022, accounting for 6.53% of the total number of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in the same period. There were 201 males and 4 females, with 132 cases at ages of 20 to 24 years (64.39%). Seventy-two cases were registered in Zhengzhou City (35.12%), and the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases registered in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022 showed an upward trend (P<0.05). All cases were infected through sexual contact, including 167 cases of homosexual contact (81.46%); 143 cases had their first sexual activity at ages of 18 years and older (69.76%); 105 cases had 4 or more sexual partners (51.22%), and the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases with 4 or more sexual partners from 2017 to 2022 showed an increasing trend (P<0.05); 139 cases had never used condoms (67.80%); 132 cases were detected by counseling and testing (64.39%); 59 cases had been tested for HIV antibody before confirmation (28.78%), and the proportion of those who had been tested for HIV antibody before confirmation showed a downward trend from 2017 to 2022 (P<0.05); 190 cases of CD4 cell counts were detected, with 18 cases less than 200 cells/μL (9.47%). Conclusion From 2017 to 2022, the newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students in Zhengzhou City were predominantly males at ages of 20 to 24 years, with increasing proportion of local residence and homosexual transmission, and some cases have had severe immunodeficiency when they were found.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Clerodendrum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; Urinary Tract Infections ; drug therapy

[Objective]To evaluate the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities and associated abnormalities in prenatally diag?nosed clubfoot,and to determine the prognostic factors as well.[Methods]A total of 89 fetuses with clubfoot diagnosed during Janu?ary 2010 to October 2015 in prenatal ultrasound scan and confirmed postnatally or by autopsy,were selected,within which 16 (18.0%)cases were without other abnormalities and 73(82.0%)cases were with other abnormalities. The associated abnormalities were identified ,the correlation with chromosomal abnormalities were analyzed with Fisher analysis and the factors affecting the outcomes were determined with Logistic regression analysis.[Results]Among associated abnormalities ,the skeletal abnormalities besides the clubfoot were the most frequently associated anomalies (35 ,47.9%),and the central nervous abnormalities followed secondly(30,41.1%). A chromosomal abnormality,with trisomy 18 being the most frequently detected,was identified in 34%(17/49)of the clubfoot fetuses with other anomalies ,whereas none of chromosomal abnormality was identified in 11 fetuses without other anomalies,a significant different rate of aberrant chromosome noted(P < 0.001). The survival rate of clubfoot fetuses without other anomalies was higher than that of clubfoot fetuses with other anomalies(50.0%vs 1.3%,P=0.03). The conditions of with or without associated anomalies were the independent prognostic factors (P = 0.01),the clubfoot fetuses associated with other anomalies had poor outcomes[OR=11.9(95%CI:1.8,80.1)].[Conclusion]Skeletal abnormalities besides the clubfoot were the most frequently associated anomalies. The condition of with or without associated anomalies is the independent prognostic index for fetuses with clubfoot. Aneuploidy were more commonly in clubfoot fetuses with associated abnormalities than in those without other abnormalities. No indication for karyotyping suggests for the clubfoot fetuses without other abnormalities due to the low incidence of associate chromo?somal anomalies.

OBJECTIVEThis study investigated the effects of hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan (CS)-transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) composite coatings on titanium surfaces, as well as on the attachment and proliferation of osteoblasts.

METHODSHA/CS-TGF-β1 composite coatings were prepared on titanium surfaces by physical, chemical, and biological modifications. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and other methods were employed to analyze the chemical composition and surface topography of the composite coatings. CCK-8 and immunofluorescence assays were used to analyze the effects of the coatings on the attachment and proliferation of osteoblasts.

RESULTSHA/CS-TGF-β1 composite coatings were successfully prepared. Their contact angle was almost zero. These composite coatings were applied in vitro, with a drug released early and a burst release effect. The growth of osteoblasts was not inhibited on it and it had obvious promoting effect on the adhesion and early proliferation of osteoblasts.

CONCLUSIONThe composite coatings significantly promote the adhesion and early proliferation of osteoblasts in vitro. This finding shows that the proposed method demonstrates a good prospective application in surface modification of titanium.

Cell Proliferation ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Dental Bonding ; methods ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Osteoblasts ; physiology ; Prospective Studies ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; chemistry ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; chemistry ; Transforming Growth Factors ; X-Ray Diffraction