Objective To investigate the expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and complement C4b1 in pancreatic carcinoma and study its significance. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ApoE and C4b1 protein in 38 cases of pancreatic carcinoma tissues and adjacent normal pancreatic tissues, and RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of ApoE and C4b1 mRNA in 20 cases of pancreatic carcinoma tissues and adjancent normal pancreatic tissues. The relevance of ApoE and C4b1 expressions to the biological features of pancreatic carcinoma were analyzed. Results The positive rates of ApoE and C4b1 expressions are 86.8% (33/38) and 76.3% (29/38) in pancreatic carcinoma, respectively,which were significantly higher than those in normal pancreatic tissues [42.1% (16/38) and 26.3% ( 10/38 ),P ＜ 0.01]. The positive rates of ApoE and C4b1 expressions [78.3% ( 18/23 ) and 73.9% ( 17/23 )] in patients with metastasis were significantly higher than in those without metastasis [(33.3% (5/15) and 40.0%(6/15), P ＜ 0.05). Significantly higher expressions of ApoE and C4b1 mRNA were noted in pancreatic carcinoma(4.83 ± 0.65 and 7.94 ± 0. 95 ) than those in the normal pancreatic tissue ( 1.78 ± 0.74and 1.22 ±0.57, P ＜ 0.01 ), and patients with metastasis showed significantly higher expression of ApoE and C4b1 mRNA (5.05 ±0.71 and 8.24 ± 1.07) than those without metastasis (4.42 ±0.25 and 7.39 ±0.15,P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions ApoE and C4b1 were highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, and may be closely related with lymph node metastasis.

Objective To investigate the expressions of complements 3 (C3), 4B1 (C4B1) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in pancreatic cancer and relations with TNM staging and lymph node metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Methods Thirty-eight pancreatic cancer biopsy specimens, 20 fresh pancreatic cancer specimens and 20 adjacent normal tissues of pancreatic cancer were collected. The expressions of C3, C4B1, ApoE in pancreatic cancers and normal pancreatic tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western-Blot, the positive expression rates of C3, C4B1, ApoE and the differences in gray scale were also observed. Their association with pancreatic cancer TNM staging and lymph node metastasis were analyzed by SPSS 13.0. Results The expression rates of C3, C4B1, ApoE in pancreatic cancer were 73.68% (28/38), 86.84%(29/38) and 76.31% (33/38) respectively, higher than those in normal pancreatic tissues which were 42.11% (16/38), 26.32% (10/38) and 42.11% (16/38) accordingly, the differences were statistically significant (χ2 was 7.77, 19.01, 16.6, and P value were 0.01, 0.00, 0.00 respectively). The gray scale of C3, C4B1 and ApoE in pancreatic cancer were 1.63±0.28,1.25±0.18 and 2.57±0.22 respectively, higher than those in normal pancreatic tissue (0.88±0.19,0.65±0.13,1.28±0.24 respectively), the differences were statistically significant (t value were 9.93,11.81,17.71 and all P value were 0.00, respectively). There was no association between C3 and TNM staging or lymphatic metastasis of pancreatic cancer. C4B1 and ApoE were closely related with TNM stage and lymph node metastases. The expressions of C4B1 and ApoE in stage Ⅱ to Ⅳ pancreatic cancer or with lymphatic metastasis were significantly higher than those in stage Ⅰpancreatic cancer and those without lymph node metastasis. Conclusion C3, C4B1 and ApoE were all highly expressed in pancreatic cancer. C3 was only involved in early event in pancreatic cancer, not related with development of pancreatic cancer. C4B1 and ApoE were involved in tumor growth and metastasis.

Objective　To study the effects of sFas in hepatocellular cancer (HCC) and chronic hepatitis (CH). Methods　The serum sFas was detected in 18 patients with HCC, 12 patients with CH and 6 cases of normal control by ELISA. Results　The serum sFas in HCC was obviously increased and had significant difference with the patients of CH and normal control (P<0.01). The serum sFas had positive correlation with the serum TBIL(P<0.01), but negative correlation with the ALB, PTA and the ratio of ALT/AST(P<0.01).Conclusions　sFas may resist the occurrence of HCC apoptosis. In CH, sFas has correlation with the severity of CH. The role of sFas in viral hepatitis is uncertain.

Objective To investigate the association of C3 and ApoE expressions with lymph node metastasis and clinical pathological stage of human pancreatic cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of C3 and ApoE in pancreatic cancer's tissues and normal pancreatic tissues,and the relevance of C3 and APoE expressions to the metastasis of pancreatic cancer was analyzed. Results The positive rates of C3 and ApoE expressions were 73.68% and 86.84% in pancreatic cancer,significantly higher than those in normal pancreas tissues (42.11% and 42.11%, P＜0.01 ). The positive rate of C3 expressions in pancreatic cancer of lymph node metastasis was 56.52%, in those without lymph node metastasis was 46.67% (P=0.741). The positive rate of C3 expressions in pancreatic cancer of stage Ⅰ was 57.14%, in those of stage Ⅱ - Ⅳ was 77.42% (P=0.194). The positive rate of ApoE expressions in pancreatic cancer of lymph node metastasis was 78.26%, significantly higher than those without lymph node metastasis (33. 33%, P＜0.01). The positive rate of ApoE expressions in pancreatic cancer of stage Ⅰ was 57. 14%, significantly lower than those of stage Ⅱ - Ⅳ (93.55%, P ＜0.05 ). Conclusions C3 and ApoEare all overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. C3 is not related with tumor's lymph node metastasis and clinical stages, may be marker for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. ApoE is closely related with tumor' s development, may reflect the biological behavior of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To observe the change of cerebral oxygen metablism and the level of blood lactate in early stage of sepsis in rats.Method Sixty-four SD rats were randomly(random number)divided into septic group and control group.The sepsis model of rat was made by lipopolysaccharide (LPS,10 mg/kg)injected intra-abdominally,and rats of control group were treated with the same amount of physiological saline instead.And each group was further divided into 4 sub-groups of4 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h after treatment.At each interval,blood samples were obtained via jugular vein for detecting blood oxygen saturation (Sjv02)and blood lactate(LA).The blood oxygen saturation(Sa02)of ventral aorta was also measured.Arteriovenous oxygen content difference (AVD02) and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) were studied.These four variables were analyzed and compared between two groups.Results The AVD02 and OEF in sepsis group were higher than those in control groups of 3 h,6 h and 12 h (P<0.05) ,but lower than those in control group of24 hours (P<0.05).The Sjv02 in sepsis group was lower than that in control groups of 3 h,6 h and 12 h (P<0.05),but increased to that in control group of 24 h (P>0.05).LA in sepsis group was higher than that in control group in each interval (P<0.05).Conclusions In early stage of sepsis,cerebral perfusion,cerebral oxygen supply and cerebral oxygen extraction increase.The global oxygen metabolic variables(Sjv02,AVD02 and OEF)and the level of LA can be used to objectively and accurately evaluate the cerebral oxygen metabolic dysfunction in early stage of sepsis.

Objective To investigate the expression of bradykinin as a substrate of CD26/DPP Ⅳ in rats with ischemia/reperfusion injury following lung transplantation (LTx). Methods Thirty-six syngeneic male SD rats were randomly allocated into control group and experimental group (n= 18each), and 36 rats served as donors. In control group and experimental group, the lungs were flushperfused and preserved with LPD and LPD+ CD26/DPP TV catalytic inhibitor (AB192) respectively,and LTx was performed 18 h after cold ischemia Histopathological studies were also done on the same locus of lung specimens and staining for bradykinin. The different proteins were separated by means of immobilized PH gradient-based two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The differential expression of bradykinin was compared by Western blotting. Results The expression of bradykinin in control group was significantly higher than in experimental group. As compared with experimental group,bradykinin expression was significantly up-regulated in control group (P <0 . 05 ). Conclusion Inhibitor of CD26/DDP Ⅳ enzymatic activity significantly ameliorated ischemia/reperfusion injury in the early stage after LTx, which is probably associated with inhibition of the protein expression of bradykinin.

ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine(5-Aza-dC),a methylation inhibitor,on the expression and methylation of tissue factor pathway Inhibitor (TFPI-2) gene in PANC1 cell line of pancreatic cancer.MethodsPANC1 cell lines were treated with different dosages of 5-Aza-dC ( 1× 10-7,5 × 10-7,1× 10 -6 mol/L).The status of TFPI-2 methylafion and expressions of TFPI-2 mRNA and protein were determined by MSP,RT-PCR,and Western blot.Results TFPI-2 gene CpG island was completely methylated,and there was no expression of TFPI-2 mRNA and protein without 5-Aza-dC treatment.After treatment with different dosages of 5-Aza-dC( 1 × 10-7,5 × 10 -7,1 × 10-6 mol/L),TFPI-2 gene CpG hypermethylation was reversed from incomplete methylated to complete non-methylated.The relative expressions of TFPI-2 mRNA were 0.211± 0.087,O.327 ± 0.068,0.609 ± 0.017; and the relative expressions of TFPI-2 protein were O.429 ± O.121,O.675 ± O.044,1.132 ± O.124 in a dose-dependent manner ( P ＜0.05 ).ConclusionsThe hypermethylatien of promoter region may be the primary reason for TFPI-2 gene expression down-rogtdation and inactivation.5-Aza-dC may reverse the hypermethylation of TFPI-2 gene,and induce the m-expression of TFPI-2 mRNA and protein.

Objective To investigate the sleep quality of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and analyze its associated factors. Methods The convenience sample method was used to choose 424 MHD patients from 7 hospitals.A set of questionnaires were used in this investigation,including demographic data form,Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI),restless legs syndrome (RLS),social support rate scale (SSRS),subjective global assessment (SGA),family APGAR index (APGAR) and family burden scale of disease (FBS). Results PSQI score of 395 MHD patients (93.2％) was ≥5.APGAR and social support total points were negatively correlated with sleep quality (r=-0.133,P=0.006; r=-0.105,P=0.031).Family burden total point was positively correlated with sleep quality (r=0.215,P=0.000).Nutrition (F=46.123,P=0.000),restless legs syndrome (F=9.392,P=0.000) and sleep apnea syndrome (F=5.645,P=0.001) were closely associated with sleep index scores. Conclusions Incidence of poor sleep quality in MHD patients of our study is quite high.Sleep quality of MHD patients is correlated with lots of factors,such as family concern,social support.

Objective To investigate the value of LigaSure vessel sealing system for surgery in gastroenteric cancer. Methods From January to September 2009,44 cases of gastroenteric cancer were operated by using LigaSure vessel sealing system,including 13 cases of gastric cancer, 14 cases of colon cancer, 17 cases of rectum cancer. Laparoscopy was employed in 10 cases. Results All the cases were performed successfully. The operation time was 130-250 min, the blood loss was 50-250 ml, and the number of lymph nodes resected was 4-20. None of the cases had serious complications. Conclusion As an optimal hemostatic tool, LigaSure vessel sealing system is safe and feasible for gastroenteric cancer.

A quality control (QC) strategy for quantitative and qualitative analysis of “common peaks” in chemical fingerprint was proposed to analyze Yuanhu Zhitong tablet (YZT), using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS). The chromatographic separation was achieved on an Agilent Eclipse plus C18 column with a gradient elution using a mixture of 0.4‰ ammonium acetate aqueous (pH 6.0 adjusted with glacial acetic acid) and acetonitrile. In chemical fingerprint, 40 peaks were assigned as the “common peaks”. For quantification of “common peaks”, the detection wavelength was set at 254 nm, 270 nm, 280 nm and 345 nm, respectively. The method was validated and good results were obtained to simultaneously determine 10 analytes (protopine, jatrorrhizine, coptisine, palmatine, berberine, xanthotoxin, bergapten, tetrahydropalmatine, imperatorin and isoimperatorin). For qualification of “common peaks”, 33 compounds including 10 quantitative analytes were identified or tentatively characterized using LC-MS/MS. These results demonstrated that the present approach may be a powerful and useful tool to tackle the complex quality issue of YZT.