Objective To investigate the effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on neurogenesis of the dentate gyrus organotypic hippocampal slice cultures after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD).Methods The 3-day-old Sprague Dawley rats were used to making organotypic hippocampal slices.They were randomly divided into four groups:a blank control group,a saline control group (giving 1 mL normal saline after OGD),a high-dose HSYA group (giving 1 ml,0.072 mg/ml HSYA after OGD),and a low-dose HSYA group (giving 1 ml,0.036 mg/ml HSYA after OGD) (n =6 slices in each group).Nestin and 5-bromo deoxyuridine nucleoside imnune fluorescence method were used to double-label the proliferation of neural stem cell (NSC).Results There were significant differences in NSC numbers among the different time points before and after OGD in slices of each group (all P ＜0.001).After OGD,the proliferation of NSC numbers reduced significantly in each group,cell proliferation increased siginificantly at day 3,and the proliferation of NSC number at day 6 was lower than that at day 3,but they still higher than those before OGD.There were significant differences in the proliferation of NSC numbers among the blank control,the saline control,high-dose HSYA,and low-dose HSYA groups (F =947.077,P ＜0.001).Observing from each time point,in addition to before OGD,the proliferation of NSC numbers at all other time points had the following relations:the blank control Group ＞ the high-dose HSYA group ＞ the low-dose HSYA group ＞ the saline control group (all P＜0.001).Conclusions HSYA may alleviate OGD to the NSC injury and contribute to neurogenesis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of adrenal incidentaloma and explore the management strategies for this disease. Methods:The clinical data of adrenal neoplasm patients admitted in The First Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2001 to January 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Results:The data of 667 patients with adre-nal incidentaloma were analyzed. Adenoma was the most common tumor in 511 cases with pathological results (240/511, 47%). Fur-thermore, the pathologic results indicated that 18%(90/511) of these cases were pheochromocytoma and 8%(41/511) were adreno-cortical carcinoma. Of the 511 cases, 266 had≤4 cm tumors, and 245 had>6 cm tumors. In cases with≤4 cm tumors, 260 (98%) had benign tumors, and 183 of these cases underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy. In cases with>6 cm tumor, 91 cases (37%) had malig-nant tumors, and 162 of these cases underwent open adrenalectomy. Conclusion:The suggested cut-off size for adrenal incidentalo-ma diagnosis is 4 cm. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is the recommended management strategy for small (≤4 cm) and nonfunctional ad-renal incidentaloma.

Coronary Sinus ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Subclavian Vein ; Vena Cava, Superior

Objective To observe the expression of ITF in colon of mice infected by mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and the in-volvement of ganciclovir(GCV) .Methods Forty-eight BALB/c young mice were randomly divided into blank group ,virus group and GCV group ,each with 8 mice .Mice in virus group and GCV group received injection of 100 μL MCMV virus suspension (TCID50105 .31 /mL) ,and GCV group was given intraperitoneal injection of GCV once a day at the dose of 50 mg/kg from day 0 (24 hours after vaccination of virus ) ,for 14 days .At the same time the virus group and blank group were given the same dose of normal saline as controls .Murine cytomegalovirus loads in livers and colons were measured by PCR .The expression levels of ITF in mRNA in colon were detected by RT-PCR .Results After MCMV injection ,mice in virus group manifested aggressively apparent poor appetite ,less activity ,fur laxly ,unresponsiveness to stimuli ,growth retardation ,body weight not increased .All liver and colon tissue MCMV-DNA PCR electrophoresis of virus group had positive strip ,while the blank group did not .GCV group also showed less bright positive strip when compared with the virus group .Expression level of ITF mRNA was significant higher in GCV group than virus group ,there was statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .Expression of ITF mRNA in virus group were higher than that in blank group ,there was statistical difference(P<0 .05) .Conclusion ITF is regarded as a fast reaction peptide in the course of mucosa impairments ,so ITF plays a protective role in delayed healing process after acute MCMV infection .

Objective To investigate the expressions of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and insulin receptor sub-strate-2 (IRS-2) in adipocytes during catch-up growth in neonatal rats with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and their correlations with the insulin resistance. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats (clean grade) were randomly divided into control group and food-restricted group after fertilization. Food-restricted group were received about 30%of food amount consumed in control group every day through the whole pregnant period to establish IUGR animal model, and were fed increased amount of breast-milk from postnatal day 1 to 21 to establish the period of catch-up growth in IUGR animal model (IUGR-CG). Fasting serum glu-cose, insulin and triglyceride were measured in blood from heart ventricles of 4-week old SD rats and insulin resistance index was calculated. Pre-adipocytes and mature adipocytes were obtained from SD rats at different age (1-week, 3-week, 5-week and 7-week old) and the former were induced to differentiate toward mature adipocytes. The levels of IRS-1, IRS-2 in the two kinds of mature adipocytes were detected by Real-Time PCR and Western blot. Results The expression levels of IRS-1, IRS-2 mRNA in mature adipocytes of IUGR-CG rats were signiifcantly lower than those of IUGR rats at 5-weeks and 7-weeks old (P<0.05) while the ex-pression levels of IRS-1, IRS-2 mRNA in differentiated adipocytes of IUGR-CG rats were signiifcantly lower than those of IUGR rats at 5-weeks old (P<0.05). The expression levels of IRS-1, IRS-2 protein in two kinds of adipocytes (mature and differentiated adipocytes) of IUGR-CG rats were signiifcantly lower than those of IUGR rats from postpartum week 1 through 7 (P<0.05). Conclusions IRS-1 and IRS-2 expression levels are downregulated in adipocytes during catch-up growth of IUGR rats, which may be closely related with insulin resistance.

Objective To investigate the influence of esmolol infusion on QT dispersity(QTd)in elderly patients with coronary heart disease during perioperafive period.Methods Fifty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients with coronary heart disease aged 65-80 yr undegoing non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=25 each):control group(group C)and esmolol group(group E).Anesthesia was induced with midazolam,fentanyl and vecuronium and maintained with continuous iv infusion of propofol andvecuronium and intermittent iv boluses of fentanyl.The patients were intubated and mechanically ventilated.PETCO2 was maintained at 25-35 mm Hg.In group E a loading dose of esmolol 0.5 mg/kg was given iv over 1 min at 2 min before skin incision and was followed by esmolol infusion at 25 μg·kg-1·min-1 maintained until the end of operation.Radial artery was caunulated.MAP,HR,SpO2 and PETCO2 were continuously momtored.ECG composed of 12 leads was momtored before operation,at 30 min after skin incision,immediately after operation,and at postsurgery days 1 and 2.The longest and shortest QT intervals were measured and detected by a cardiologist not involved in the study.The QTd was calculated.The ventricular arrhythmia was also recorded.Results QTd,the incidences of QTd abnormality and ventricular arrbythmia were significantly lower in group E than in group C.Conclusion The use ofesmolol during operation may decrease QTd and prevent the occurrence ofventricular arrhythmia.

Objective To investigate the sonographic features of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FV-PTC) and to decrease misdiagnosis rate. Methods Thirty-one patients with 35 FV-PTCs and 66 patients with 75 conventional PTCs (C-PTCs) were enrolled in this study. The sonographic features were reviewed retrospectively between the two groups with universally accepted standards. Results The sonographic features of 35 FV-PTCs included irregular shapes (6/35), anteroposterior to transverse diameter ratio A/T > 1 (7/35), spiculated margins (25/35), marked hypoechogenicity (0/35), hypoechogenicity (18/35), isoechogenicity (16/35), no calcification (15/35), microcalcifications (11/35), macrocalcification (9/35), color Doppler lfow patternⅠ(20/35), color Doppler lfow patternⅡ(10/35), color Doppler lfow patternⅢ(5/35). Irregular shapes, A/T>1, spiculated margins, marked hypoechogenicity, microcalciifcations, and color type Ⅱ were rarer in FV-PTCs than in C-PTCs, while isoechogenicity, no calciifcation, macrocalciifcation, and color type Ⅲwere more frequent in FV-PTCs than in C-PTCs. The differences of the above features were statistically significant [χ2=4.276, P=0.039; χ2=8.125, P=0.004; P=0.009 (Fisher′ s exact test); χ2=8.548, P=0.003;χ2=4.898, P=0.027,χ2=7.796, P=0.005;χ2=5.462, P=0.019;P=0.001 (Fisher′s exact test)] . During the preoperative ultrasonography, 20 of 35 FV-PTCs were diagnosed as malignancy, and others were misdiagnosed as benign nodules (misdiagnosis rate was 43%). The lymphatic metastasis rate of FV-PTCs was 29%(9/31), significantly lower than C-PTCs [62%(41/66),χ2=9.246, P=0.002]. In terms of the sonographic features of metastatic lymph nodes, there was no marked difference between FV-PTCs and C-PTCs. Conclusions Some FV-PTCs are lack of malignant features, and tend to be misdiagnosed frequently when coexisting with benign thyroid nodules. Observing the echogenicity, color lfow characteristics and other features of each thyroid nodule and cervical lymph node with multiple views may decrease the misdiagnosis rate.

Objective To study the effects of thymus transplantation(TT)combined with CD4--DLI on T cell reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT). Methods BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups:hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT group),hematopoietic stem cell transplantation combined with thymus transplantation(TT group)and hematopoietic stem cell transplanta-tion combined with thymus transplantation plus CD4+ T cell-depleted lymphocyte infusion(CD4--DLI group). On day-1,the mice were treated with the lethal dose of radiotherapy. On day 0,C57BL/6 mice were used as donor for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The mice were sacrificed on 5 days,2 weeks,4 weeks and 3 months after transplantation,respectively. The peripheral blood and spleen cells of mice were collected for determinations of T cell surface antigen,T cell receptor,naive T cells and intracellular cytokines. HE staining was used to assess the development of donor thymus. Results TT and CD4--DLI did not impair each other′s effects on T cell reconstitu-tion. TT combined with CD4--DLI increased the number of T cell reconstruction. CD4--DLI promoted the effect of TT on enlargement naive CD4+and CD8+T cell pool. Combination of TT and CD4--DLI enhanced the cytokine pro-duction of T cells. Conclusion TT combined with CD4--DLI had no side effects on TCR repertoire and thymus. Conclusion TT combined with CD4--DLI can enhance the reconstitution of T cell number and function via thymus dependent and thymus independent mechanism.

Objective : To investigate the serum levels of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 after inoculation of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, so as to provide insights into the evaluation of the vaccine immunogenicity. Methods : In this single-arm Objective performance criteria trial, residents aged 18 to 59 years and inoculated with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Xihu District, Hangzhou City from October to December of 2020 were selected using a cluster sampling method. Blood samples were collected prior to inoculation, 14 and 28 days post-inoculation of the first dose, and 28 days post-inoculation of the second dose. Serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies were detected using the magnetic particle-based chemiluminescence immunoassay. The seroconversion of antibodies and dynamic changes of antibody levels were analyzed. Results : Totally 310 participants were enrolled, including 133 subjects on day 14 post-inoculation of the first dose, 97 subjects on day 28 post-inoculation of the first dose and 254 subjects on day 28 post-inoculation of the second dose. The seroconversion rates of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody were 6.02%, 28.87% and 98.43%, and the median IgG antibody levels were 1.76 ( interquartile range, 3.25 ), 5.69 ( 9.95 ) and 52.05 ( 47.60 ) AU/mL ( P<0.05 ), respectively, while the seroconversion rates of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody were 9.02%, 11.34% and 12.99%, and the median IgG antibody levels were 1.89 ( 3.28 ), 2.06 ( 4.71 ) and 2.65 ( 4.01 ) AU/mL ( P>0.05 ), respectively. In addition, higher serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies were detected post-inoculation relative to pre-inoculation ( P<0.05 ), and higher serum IgG antibody levels were found in subjects aged 18 to 39 years than in those aged 40 to 59 years ( P<0.05 ). Conclusions Inoculation of two doses of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine achieves a high immunogenicity among residents aged 18 to 59 years 28 days post-inoculation, and the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody is detectable in some residents following inoculation of the first dose.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of endoscopic push?radial dissection (EPRD)for benign esophageal stricture(BES). Methods Clinical data of 24 patients diagnosed as having BES who received EPRD were analyzed. The procedure and efficacy were evaluated. Results All 24 patients underwent EPRD successfully with mean operation time being 32 min(15?45 min).The mean esophageal stric?ture incision length was 3?? 2 cm (1?? 0?8?? 0 cm).No severe complications related to EPRD occurred, or trans?ferred for surgery. Patients were followed up for 1?5 months (mean 2?? 8 months). Dysphagia was relieved signif?icantly during the follow?up in 23 patients where endoscopy could go through smoothly. But dysphagia re?oc?curred in one patient 2 weeks after the operation, who underwent a second EPRD and stent implantation, then dysphagia was relieved. Conclusion EPRD is safe, feasible and effective for benign esophageal stricture.