Background and purpose: Ovarian lymphoma (OL) is usually misdiagnosed as ovarian cancer with bulk lymph node invasion (OC-BLN), and vice versa. Therefore, to distinguish these two types of disease, we compared their clinical characteristics in this study. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 14 OL and 14 OC-BLN patients from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital. The clinical char-acteristics, image and laboratory examination data were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in age, symptom, fever, weight loss and volume of ascitic fluid between the two groups. Comparing with OC-BLN, OL patients have larger tumor in ovaries [(13.04±5.94) cm vs (7.78±6.38) cm, P=0.033], and higher percentage of solid ovarian tumor (85.71% vs 28.5%, P=0.006). Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)/CA125 was higher in OL (7.66±8.03) than OC-BLN (0.31±0.27, P=0.009). Using LDH/CA125 to diagnose OL, area under the curve (AUC) was 0.952. When the threshold value was set at 1, the sensitivity and specificity was 91.7% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: OL and OC-BLN are easily to be misdiagnosed. OL has larger and more solid tumor than OC-BLN. LDH/CA125 can help to distinguish these two diseases and guide clinical decision making.

Objective To investigate the correlation between ankle-brachial index and ultrasonography in lower ex- tremities vascular in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods 218 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled,and ankle-brachial index(ABI)measurements and uhrasonography in lower extremities vascular were performed in all patients.Lower extremi- ties vascular disease(LEVD)were divided into six species according to the uhrasonography results and scored in accord- ante with its serious degree,then investigate the correlation between ABI and uhrasonography results score.All patients were divided into deferent groups according to uhrasonography results and ABI range,and then compared their deference. Results The lower the ABI,the more serious of the LEVD showed by ultrasonography.ABI and ultrasonic inspection score was significantly negatively correlated(r=-0.65,P

In this paper, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy fingerprint analysis of Marsdenia tenacissima samples was used to develop a reliable method of tracing the geographical origins. Forty-eight samples from four provinces of China were analyzed by FTIR. We analyzed and characterized the fingerprints in both the full spectrum peaks and characteristic peaks, then the principal component analysis and the cluster analysis were carried out. The results of fingerprint analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis can identify the geographic origins correctly, which verified and supplemented each other; the identification results and the actual location showed a high degree of consistency, namely the lower the space distance, the greater the similarity of different samples. These results revealed the obvious superiority and practical value in comparison to the more tedious and time-consuming wet chemistry method normally used. Using appropriate metrology methods can trace the geographical source correctly. The M. tenacissima materials from the region of Maguan should be considered as genuine medicinal materials taking into account the good quality.
China ; Cluster Analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; classification ; standards ; Geography ; Marsdenia ; chemistry ; classification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Principal Component Analysis ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; methods

Objective To establish an animal model for evaluating immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.Methods New Zealand rabbits were intramuscularly administrated with three doses of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) with two weeks interval between each injection.Serum samples were collected at different time points before and after vaccination.Quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and opsonophagocytosis assay (OPA) that were in conformity with the World Health Organization (WHO) standards were used to detect the concentrations of serotype-specific antibodies and their bactericidal activities.Results The concentrations (Geometric mean concentration, GMC) of serotype-specific antibodies in rabbit serum samples were well correlated with their bactericidal activities (Geometric mean titer, GMT) following vaccination.Moreover, the dynamic changes of GMC and GMT of the same serotype-specific antibody remained consistent as time went by.Conclusion Rabbit model can be used to analyze the immunogenicity of PCV13 vaccine with quantitative ELISA and OPA, which indicates that it is a suitable animal model for evaluating immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

OBJECTIVE: To identify possible risk factors for cerebral palsy (CP) in children. METHODS: A Population-based survey was conducted (including 92 CP cases) in 66 townships of 15 cities of Zhejiang Province from October to November, 1998. 184 of matched controls were selected for comparison. RESULTS: Factors identified which were statistically significant for risk of subsequent childhood Cerebral Palsy included some neonatal diseases, some maternal diseases, low birth weight (<2500 g), maternal irregular menstruation, toxic, substances during pregnancy, malnutrition during pregnancy,and paternal age. CONCLUSION: Several risk factors for Cerebral Palsy were identified. Their prevention may result in redduction of the incidence of Cerebral Palsy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the image quality and radiation dose of dual-energy (DE) computed tomographic angiography (CTA) of head and neck.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed two groups of patients (both n=30) undergoing 64-slice spiral CTA of cervical and cranial regions with different scan protocols. The DE group was obtained with 140/80 kVp, 64/272 mAs, 0.6 pitch, 80 ml of contrast medium, and caudal-cranial scan orientation. The single-energy (SE) group was obtained with 120 kVp, 220 mAs, 1.2 pitch, 60 ml of contrast medium and cranial-caudal scan orientation. The image quality and radiation dose were compared. The attenuation values and noises were measured on transverse images at 4 different vessels (the distal part of common carotid artery and adjacent vein in same axial image; the M1 segment of middle cerebral artery and sigmoid sinus or confluence of sinus in same image) and two muscles: erector spinae presenting average soft tissue enhancement and supraspinatus muscle presenting regions of great artifact.

RESULTSIn cranial region the arterial enhancement and venous contamination were similar (P=0.1427,P=0.1116) . In cervical region the arterial enhancement was similar (P=0.9414) . DE group had significantly greater venous contamination (P<0.0001) , while the mean attenuation value of common carotid artery was still 127 Hu higher than that of jugular vein. No matter artifact of soft tissue was obvious or not, the noise of DE group was significantly less than that of SE group (both P<0.0001) , and the soft tissue enhancement was similar (P=0.0760,P=0.0793) . The radiation dose required for bone-subtraction angiography was significantly less in DE group than in SE group (P<0.0001) .

CONCLUSIONSDE group has comparable image quality to SE group and less scan dose for bone-subtraction. DE-CTA has great potential in clinical application. "

Adult ; Aged ; Angiography ; methods ; Female ; Head ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiation Dosage ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo analyze CD21 expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and to explore its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.

METHODSThe clinical data from 80 DLBCL patients who were treated in First Hospital of Jilin University from June 2005 to September 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were subjected to immunohistochemical staining (SP method) for Ki-67, CD20, CD79a, CD3, CD43, CD5, cyclin D1, bcl-2, CD10, bcl-6, GCET-1, FOXP-1 and MUM-1 protein expression in the tumor tissue. Immunohistochemistry was also used to detect CD21 expression in the tumor tissue. SPSS 18.0 was used to analyze the relationship between CD21 expression and various clinical factors, and the relationship between various clinical factors including CD21 and overall survival.

RESULTSIn the patients aged under 60 years, the incidence of CD21(+) lymphoma (64.0%, 16/25) was significantly higher than that of CD21(-) lymphoma (38.2%, 21/55). There were more CD21(+) lymphoma patients who were at clinical stages I-II (52.0%, 13/25) than patients with CD21(-)lymphomas (23.6%, 13/55). There were also more CD21(+) lymphoma patients (68.0%, 17/25) having less than two extranodal sites involvement than CD21(-)lymphoma patients (41.8%, 23/55). In addition, there were more CD21(+) lymphoma patients with IPI 0-2 (68.0%, 17/25) than CD21(-)lymphoma patients (41.8%, 23/55). There were more CD21(+) lymphoma patients with GCB subtype (60.0%, 15/25) than CD21(-)lymphoma patients (23.6%, 13/55). Death related to DLBCL was less in CD21(+) lymphoma patients (32.0%, 8/25) than CD21(-) lymphoma patients (56.4%, 31/55). Univariate analysis showed that these clinical pathological characteristics affected the overall survival of DLBCL patients, including age, ECOG score, LDH, extranodal involvement, IPI index, CD21 expression, treatment option and efficacy (P < 0.05) . Cox multivariate analysis showed that ECOG score, LDH, extranodal involvement, CD21 expression were closely related to prognosis, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Among the 80 patients, the overall survival (OS) of CD21(+) lymphoma patients was significantly higher than that of CD21(-) lymphoma patients.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of CD21 is associated with young age at onset, early clinical stage, small number of involvement and low IPI index. The OS and median overall survival of CD21(+) lymphoma patients are significantly higher than those of CD21(-) patients. CD21 expression, ECOG score, LDH, extranodal involvement are independent prognostic factors in DLBCL, and in particular, the expression of CD21 is more significant in the prognosis of DLBCL patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Child ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Germinal Center ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Prognosis ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo transfect pcDNA3.1/hTM plasmids containing human thrombomodulin (hTM) gene into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and investigate the expression of hTM and anticoagulating function of transfected HUVECs.

METHODSHUVECs were transfected with pcDNA3.1/hTM by lipofectin. Expression of hTM mRNA was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, hTM antigen on HUVECs membrane by immunohistochemistry, and activated protein C (PC) in HUVECs by chronometry. By using a semiautomatic coagulator, the effect of the reacting liquid from transfected HUVECs mixed with PC from normal peripheral blood was assayed.

RESULTSAbout 10% HUVECs were transfected by pcDNA3.1/hTM with high-level hTM mRNA and protein expression. Activated PC produced by pcDNA3.1/hTM group, pcDNA3.1(+)/neo group and untransfected group was (2.80 +/- 0.43) microg/ml, (0.75 +/- 0.08) microg/ml and (0.85 +/- 0.11) microg/ml, respectively. APTT was (51.68 +/- 2.73) s, (38.38 +/- 2.44) s, (39.65 +/- 2.39) s, (33.93 +/- 1.73) s and (34.60 +/- 1.86) s and PT was (21.89 +/- 1.66) s, (20.56 +/- 1.74) s, (20.42 +/- 2.04) s, (19.57 +/- 1.36) s and (20.16 +/- 1.35) s in pcDNA3.1/hTM group, pcDNA3.1(+)/neo group, untransfected group, inactivating PC group and control, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe pcDNA3.1/hTM plasmid could be transfected into endothelial cells and expressed biologically functioning hTM protein on HUVECs membrane. Activated PC could inhibit intrinsic coagulation pathway obviously with slight effect on extrinsic pathway.

Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Transgenic, Suicide ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Plasmids ; Protein C ; Prothrombin Time ; Thrombomodulin ; genetics ; Transfection ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology

Objective To determine the trend of emergency department (ED)mortality of a tertiary general hospital from 2004 to 2014 in order to find the factors that may impact on ED mortality.Methods Mortality in ED was estimated according to the ratio of ED visiting patients to ED deaths.And the data of all ED deaths in 2004,2009 and 2014 were collected.Variance analysis and chi-square test were used for data analysis.Results During the past decade,ED visiting patients was increased significantly by 38.0% in 2014,compared with those in 2004,and the mortality was also increased accordingly from 0.7% in 2004, to 0.9% in 2009,to 1.2% in 2014 (P <0.01).Finally,a total of 1,091 deaths occurred in these three years were included for further evaluation.There were no significant changes in average age and gender distribution,and the average age was 61.9 and the male /female ratio was 1.36∶1 during past decade.The number of adults under 40 years old (18 -39)increased from 7.5% in 2004,to 10.6% in 2009,to 14.4% in 2014 (P <0.05).Both the facilities were upgraded and the number of staffs in ED increased markedly.The cardiovascular illness,cerebrovascular diseases,and sudden death were the leading causes of ED death during past decade.The incidences of trauma and tumor remained unchanged.Average time consumed from onset of illness to arrival to ED didn’t vary significantly during past decade.The study showed no changes in use of ambulance,but remarkable increases in number of non-compliant patients or their family from 18.3% in 2004,to 25.6% in 2009,to 38.3% in 2014 (P <0.01).The percentage of patients in the night time was higher,but there were no significant changes in number of emergency patients in the night time and during holidays in the past decade,but the mean ED stay time increased obviously from 22.4 h in 2004 to 53.3 h in 2014 (P <0.05 ).Conclusions During the past decade,although ED facilities and number of staffs have been improved apparently,ED mortality rate still keeps on escalating. The increase in ED mortality rate may be related to the severely ill patients presenting to ED,the obvious decrease in compliance of patients and the prolonged ED stay time.

OBJECTIVETo establish the diagnostic model of cerebrospinal protein profile for gliomas by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS) and bioinformatics.

METHODSSeventy-five samples of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with gliomas, benign brain tumors and mild brain traumas were collected. A total of 50 samples from gliomas and non-brain-tumors were divided into training sets (33 cases including 17 gliomas and 16 non-brain-tumors) and testing sets (17 cases including 5 gliomas and 12 non-brain-tumors). The cerebrospinal proteins bound to H4 chip were detected by SELDI-TOF MS, the profiles of cerebrospinal protein were gained and then analyzed with artificial neural network algorithm (ANN); and the diagnostic model of cerebrospinal protein profiles for differentiating gliomas from non-brain-tumors was established. Forty-seven of cerebrospinal samples of gliomas and benign brain tumors were divided into training sets (31 cases including 13 gliomas and 18 benign brain tumors) and testing sets (16 cases including 9 gliomas and 7 benign brain tumors), the diagnostic model of cerebrospinal protein profiles for differentiating gliomas from benign brain tumors was established based on the same method. The support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was also used for evaluation, both results were very similar, but the result derived from ANN was more stable than that from SVM.

RESULTThe diagnostic model of cerebrospinal protein profiles for differentiating gliomas from non-brain-tumors was established and was challenged with the test set randomly, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 91.7%, respectively. The cerebrospinal protein profiling model for differentiating gliomas from benign brain tumors was also developed and was challenged with the test set randomly, the sensitivity and specificity were 88.9%, and 100%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe technology of SELDI-TOF MS which combined with analysis tools of bioinformatics is a novel effective method for screening and identifying tumor biomarkers of gliomas and it may provide a new approach for the clinical diagnosis of glioma.

Adult ; Aged ; Algorithms ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Brain Neoplasms ; cerebrospinal fluid ; diagnosis ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins ; genetics ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Glioma ; cerebrospinal fluid ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Meningioma ; cerebrospinal fluid ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Peptide Mapping ; standards ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization