Background Instability of tear film,increase of ocular surface temperature and tear evaporation are the associated factors of both bubbles and dry eye.But the relationship between dry eye and ocular surface bubbles is unclear.The bubbles are easily retained and checked in the inferior conjunctiva fornix.Objective This study aimed to study the relationship between dry eye and bubbles in the inferior conjunctiva fornix.Methods Sixty-four eyes of 32 patients with binocular irritative symptoms and bubbles or without bubbles in the inferior conjunctiva fornix were collected in Affiliated Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology from January to May,2012.The bubbles in the inferior conjunctiva fornix were examined by slit lamp microscope,and the break-up time (BUT) and Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t) were performed.The differences of BUT and S Ⅰ t between the two groups were compared using independent sample t test,and abnormality rate of examination indexes was statistical analyzed by CHI-Square test using a SPSS 11.5 software.Written informed consent was obtained prior to the clinical survey.Results In the 64 eyes of the bubbles group,incidence of dry eye was 75.00％,and the incidence of both BUT＜5 seconds and S Ⅰ t＜5 mm/5 minutes was 46.88％ ;while the incidence of BUT＜5 seconds or S Ⅰ t＜5 mm/5 minutes was 53.13％ and 57.81％,respectively.In 64 eyes without bubbles,incidence of dry eye was 31.25％,the incidence of both BUT＜5 seconds and S Ⅰ t＜5 mm/5 minutes was 18.75％,that of BUT＜5 seconds or S Ⅰ t＜5 mm/5 minutes was 21.88％ and 20.31％,respectively.The incidences of dry eye,both BUT＜5 seconds and S Ⅰ t＜5 mm/5 minutes,BUT ＜5 seconds,S Ⅰ t＜5 mm/5 minutes were significantly higher in the bubbles group than those of the without bubbles group (all at P=0.00).In the 68 eyes determined as dry eyes,48 eyes (48/68) were in the bubbles group and 20eyes (20/68) were in the without bubbles group,showing a significant difference between the two groups (x2 =24.60,P＜0.01).The incidences of both BUT＜5 seconds,S Ⅰ t＜5 mm/5 minutes were not significantly different between the two groups (x2 =0.01,P=0.95;x2 =1.06,P=0.30).Conclusions The bubbles in the inferior conjunctiva fornix is highly correlated with dry eye.

Animals ; Danazol ; pharmacology ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; Endometrium ; drug effects ; Female ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective: To evaluate the prevention and treatment effects of acupuncture-moxibustion for Alzheimer disease (AD) based on various AD mouse models.Methods: Several representative types of mouse models were selected according to the pathophysiological causes of AD, including senescence accelerated mouse/prone (SAMP) mice, soluble amyloid-β protein (Aβ) injection mice/rats, amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice, and APP/PS1 double transgenic mice. Through the observation of behavioral changes and analysis of core items, the possible mechanisms of acupuncture-moxibustion in preventing and treating AD were explored. Results: Acupuncture-moxibusiton therapy can improve AD mice's cognitive dysfunction; the major action mechanisms including increasing cerebral blood flow, improving the expressions of vital proteins in the hippocampus, preventing neuron cell apoptosis, promoting the clearance of Aβ deposition, activating autophagy pathway to reduce memory deficits and regulating the metabolisms of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, tyrosine kinase receptor B, N- acetylaspartate and glutamic acid. Conclusion: Although the optimal mouse model is not determined, it is sure that acupuncture-moxibustion therapy can improve cognitive function. A more suitable AD animal model should be duplicated in order to better explore the inherent action mechanism of acupuncture-moxibustion in preventing and treating AD.

AIM: To observe the effect of intraocular lens ( IOL) implantation on visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in patients with cataract.
METHODS: Fifty - eight cases ( 72 eyes ) cataract patients with regular cornel astigmatism, in our hospital from May 2014 to May 2015 were randomly divided into two groups to undergo phacoemulsification and IOL implantation: the observation group: 29 cases (36 eyes) received multifocal toric IOL implantation; the control group: 29 cases (36 eyes) received monofocal toric IOL implantation. Uncorrected distance visual acuity ( UCDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity ( UCNVA), best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), the best corrected near visual acuity ( BCNVA ), total eye astigmatism, and the dark contrast sensitivity were observed for these patients at 1 and 6mo after cataract surgery.
RESULTS: There were no statistical significant difference between the two groups at postoperative 1, 6mo on UCDVA, BCNVA, BCDVA and total eye astigmatism(P>0. 05). UCNVA of observation group at 1 and 6mo were better than those of control group ( P <0. 05); there were statistically significant difference in high frequency comparison at the sixth postoperative months (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Both monofocal toric IOL implantation, and aspheric multifocal toric IOL implantation for cataract with regular corneal astigmatism are effective to improve visual acuity. But the latter treatment would contribute to the improvement of uncorrected near visual acuity and the dark contrast sensitivity.

0.05). ConclusionsAdriamycin can induce apoptosis of cancer cells, and this is an important mechanism for its anticancer effect. This effect may be related to the down regulation of Bel-2 (expression).

Erythromelalgia ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Mercury Poisoning ; complications ; Middle Aged

Abnormalities, Multiple ; diagnosis ; Colon ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Peristalsis ; Syndrome ; Urinary Bladder ; abnormalities

Objective To assess the current status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards antibiotic use among community residents in Hangzhou, and to explore the correlations among them. Methods A total of 449 permanent residents in Hangzhou were randomly selected using a multistage stratified random sampling method. Self-reported data on basic demographic factors, and relevant KAP information were collected by the questionnaire survey. Differences in KAP scores according to each demographic factor were assessed by the t test or ANOVA test, and AMOS 21.0 was used for the path analysis. Results Scores for knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic use were (6.17±2.45), (6.45±0.99) and (6.21±1.02) respectively. Results of the path analysis showed that education level and age had effects on the knowledge (coefficients: 0.57 and -0.38 respectively) . Age, gender and knowledge had effects on the attitude (coefficients: -0.27, 0.12 和 0.02 respectively), and attitudes, gender, monthly income and the level of education had effects on the practice (coefficients: 0.48、 0.37、 0.06 and 0.02 respectively) . Conclusion Community residents in Hangzhou lack relevant knowledge, and there are some irrational attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use. There is a correlation between knowledge and attitudes, as well as between attitudes and practices, but the knowledge and practices are not correlated.

Abstract: Objective　China was certified by World Health Organization as a malaria-free country in 2021. Malaria has become a rare infectious disease, and preventing the re-transmission of imported malaria and reducing deaths are the main challenges facing China after elimination of malaria. To analyze and clarify the characteristics of imported malaria deaths, and to provide prevention and treatment recommendations for overseas workers and health care workers. Methods　The data of 17 imported malaria deaths in the analysis of malaria deaths from 2016 to 2020 by the National Severe Malaria Treatment Expert Group were collected, and the relevant clinical epidemiological data and disease course records were analyzed. Results　The 17 malaria deaths were all imported from Africa with Plasmodium falciparum infection (malarial cerebral type), with no obvious regularity in the month of onset. Among them, 16 were male patients, 5 cases with underlying diseases such as diabetes mellitus, and 10 patients were first diagnosed in a second-level or lower hospital. Excluding patients who died of respiratory cardiac arrest in ambulances, the mean time difference between first onset and malaria diagnosis in 16 patients was 6.8 days (median 5.5 days), and the mean time between first onset and antimalarial treatment was 7.4 days (median 6 days), the mean time difference from initial onset to death was 10.3 days (median 8.5 days). Excluding cases with onset abroad and unknown time of return, all 14 patients developed the disease within 30 days after returning to China. Conclusion　All the fatal cases were infected with Plasmodium falciparum imported from Africa. The patients' awareness of actively seeking medical treatment is weak, and the delay in seeking medical treatment caused by the insufficient diagnosis and treatment capacity of health institutions at the township level and below is the main reason for the deaths. It is recommended to strengthen the self-protection awareness of staff in malaria-endemic areas overseas and raise their awareness of malaria. For returnees from areas with high malaria risk, primary medical institutions should pay attention to the patient's travel history in Africa, improve the awareness of malaria diagnosis, malaria diagnosis and treatment capabilities.