Objective To investigate the expression and significance of transforming growth factor-?1(TFG-?1) and its correlation with the cellular proliferation activity in human gastric carcinoma (GC). Methods The expression of TGF-?1 and Ki-67 in 50 GC tissues and 10 normal gastric mucosal tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the normal gastric mucosal tissues, the expression of TGF-?1 and Ki-67 in GC was significantly higher. TGF-?1 expression was associated with histological differentiation,lymphatic metastasis and invasion depth of GC. And Ki-67 expression was related with lymphatic metastasis and invasion depth of GC too. Furthermore, a significant correlation between TGF-?1 and Ki-67 expressions in GC was found as well. Conclusion Gastric carcinomas with expression of TGF-?1 had high cellular proliferation activity. TGF-?1 could not inhibit cellular proliferation in GC. TGF-?1 stimulated GC cells invasion and metastasis. The overexpression of TGF-?1 and Ki-67 can serve as a reference marker to evaluate GC biological behavior.

Objective Hemangioma had been recognized as one of the most common tumors; however, intramauscular hemangioma (IMH) was a kind of uncommon benign tumor in skeletal muscle. A large number of orthopaedic surgeons knew little about it's specific clinic features. This paper was to report the diagnosis and therapy of 110 IMH cases, and to review tbe causes for misdiagnosis as well. Methods From oct. 1962 to Dec. 1998, 110 patients underwent surgical therapy with the definitive histological diagnosis; the clinical feature, gender, age, value of X-ray imaging, computed tomography(CT), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)?magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography of IMH were analysed. Surgical technique, pathological classification, postoperation effects, prognosis and recurrence reason were discussed. Measures for cmplication and recurrence prevention, differential diagnosis were put forward. Results Anatomical distribution was 11.82% in the neck, 10.91% in the trunk, 16.36% in the upper limb and 60.91% in the lower limb. The disease was characterized by localized pain within soft tissue, local mass, deep tenderness, muscular soreness and mass expansion after exercise. According to Allen's classification, three types were defined: 1) capillary type; 2) cavernous type; 3) mixed type, combination of both, which included miscellaneous types of deep soft tissue(venous,arteriovenous,epithelioid and granulation tissue type). There were capillary type (38.18%), cavernous (33.64%) and mixed type(28.18%). Forty-nine of 110 cases were followed up for an average of six years and two months, the result of 48.98% patients was excellent, 22.45% was good, and 20.41% was unsatisfactory. Only four of 49 cases had local recurrence which was susceptible to infection. Conclusion Intra muscular hemangioma is easy to be mis or under diagnosed, especialy when it is deep or small localized, and it can rarely be diagnosed radiologically unless calcified phlebolithes occurs. Usually, peripheral nerve is not invaded, but could be compressed by the tumor. MRI is most helpful to define the diagnosis, and SPECT can also provide helpful diagnostic information. Although it can be treated by various methods, surgical excision provides the best result. Recurrence can always attribute to incomplete excision. Wide excision of the lesion is the treatment of choice. Preoperative embolization of IMH can reduce intraoperative blood shedding. Embolization combined with surgery forms a new modern approach to treat IMH.

Objective To explore the expression of caspase-3 in skeletal muscle of the mice in the state of cancer, and to elucidate the relationship between Caspase-3 and apoptosis,consumption of skeletal muscle protein in cancer cachexia.Methods 48 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into cancer cachexia group and control group (n=24).The mice in cancer cachexia group were inoculated with mouse colon 26 adenocarcinoma cells.The body weights of the mice in two groups were detected daily.Eight mice in each group were executed to test the weight of left gastrocnemius, fiber crosscut area, the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6),Caspase-3 proteins and the apoptotic rate of gastrocnemius cells on day 8,14,and 20,respectively. Results The mice in cancer cachexia group appeared cachectic symptoms on day 14,the non-tumor body weight was decreased more than 20% of that in control group (P<0.05).Compared with control group at the same time, the mouse body weight,non-tumor body weight,the weight of left gastrocnemius and the fiber crosscut area of the mice in cancer cachexia group were obviously decreased with the prolongation of inoculation time (P<0.05 ), whereas the expression levels of TNF-α,IL-6,Caspase-3 proteins and the apoptotic rate of muscle cells were obviously increased after tumor inoculation (P<0.05).The level of Caspase-3 protein was negatively correlated with the weight of gastrocnemius and fiber crosscut area (r=-0.716,P<0.05;r=-0.694,P<0.05),and the level of Caspase-3 was positively correlated with the levels of TNF-αand IL-6 (r=0.742,P<0.05;r=0.675,P<0.05).Conclusion Caspase-3 may be a key factor in the protein comsumption of skeletal muscle in cancer cachexia.

Objective To investigate the antibacterial properties and curative effects of a nanosilver-epidermal growth factor (NanoAg-EGF) sustained-release carrier.Methods First,in accordance with former method,sustained-release carrier of NanoAgEGF was prepared,with the design of the NanoAg-EGF group,NanoAg-alone group,EGF-alone group,control groups of normal saline-alone,and benzylpenicillin sodium.Contrasting detection on antibacterial properties of five kinds of common microbes (staphylococcus aureus,escherichia coli,pseudomonas aeruginosa,candida albicans,and streptococcus pneumonia) in each group was used to confirm their antibacterial properties.Then,wound models of diabetic rats were randomly divided into five groups,with the wound treatments by sustained-release cartier of NanoAg-EGF,combined application of NanoAg + EGF,EGF-alone,NanoAg-alone,and normal saline-alone control group,respectively.The observation on the healing situation of each group in different times was used to ensure the curative effect.Results In the antibacterial experiments,it was found that the NanoAg-EGF and NanoAg had strong antibacterial properties.Their antibacterial properties had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The control group,penicillin sodium only had relatively weak antibacterial properties on staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae,with obviously weaker function compared to the NanoAg-EGF and NanoAg groups (P ＜ 0.05).The control groups,EGF-alone and normal saline-alone had no inhibitor function on each kind of pathogenic microorganisms.In the wound healing experiments on diabetic rats,it was found that NanoAgEGF shortened significantly the wound healing time of diabetic rats (P ＜ 0.05).On the 3rd day,the healing rate of each group had no difference (P ＞ 0.05).On the 7th day and 13th day,the healing rates of NanoAg-EGF [(61.71 ± 8.78)％ and (100 ± 2.60) ％] were significantly higher than the other four groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions NanoAg-EGF not only has good antibacterial properties but also can promote rapidly the wound healing of diabetes.

Objective: To observe the effects of follistatin (FST)on the skeletal muscle wasting of cancer cachexia mice and the expressions of Mstn, LncRNA-MALAT1 and Caspase-3, and to elucidate its associated molecular mechanisms.Methods:Thirty-two BALB/c mices were randomly assigned into:healthy control (HC) group,FST prevention (FP)group,FST treatment (FT)group and cancer cachexia (CC)group.The murine colon adenocarcinoma CT26 cells were inoculated subcutaneously into the mices in FP, FT and CC groups to establish the cancer cachexia models. The body weight, spontaneous activity and tumor growth were daily monitored.The mice in FP and FT groups were administrated with FST intraperitoneally on day 6 and 12 after inoculation.The samples were collected on day 20.The tumor and gastrocnemius weights of the mice were detected. The biochemical metabolism indexes and myofiber cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius tissue were detected.The mRNA expression levels of Mstn,Caspase-3 and LncRNA-MALAT1 were examined by Real-time PCR.The protein expression levels of Mstn and Caspase-3 were measured by Western blotting method. Results:Compared with CC group,the body weights,spontaneous activities,gastrocnemius weights and myofiber cross-sectional areas were increased (P <0.05);the serum levels of glucose,total protein and albumin of the mice in FP and FT groups were increased (P <0.05).The protein and mRNA expression levels of Mstn and Caspase-3 in gastrocnemius of the mice in CC group were significantly higher and the expression level of LncRNA-MALAT1 was significantly lower than those in HC group (P < 0.05).The mRNA and protein expression levels of Mstn and Caspase-3 in FP and FT groups were reduced and the expression level of LncRNA-MALAT1 was increased compared with CC group (P < 0.05).The prevention effect in FP group is better than FT group (P < 0.05). Conclusion:FST may alleviate the muscle wasting of the mice with cancer cachexia by inhibiting the expression of Mstn,thus upregulating the expression of LncRNA-MALAT1 which in turn to suppress the expression of Caspase-3.

BACKGROUND:As one of the main active ingredients in epimedium, icari n plays an important role in bone defect repair. Sustained and effective concentration of icari n in vivo is essential for bone damage repair.
OBJECTIVE:To recommend the research progress of epimedium glycoside for bone repair and to explore the pharmaco-active concentration of icari n.
METHODS:A computer-based online search of CNKI database (http://www.cnki.net/) and PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) from January 2000 to October 2013 was performed for related articles of the effect of icari n for bone defect repair and bone damage repair. The key words were“icari n, concentration, bone”in Chinese and English. After repeated articles were excluded, 76 related articles were screened out and 44 of them met the inclusive criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The icari n-released scaffold materials can induce the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, promote the viability of osteoblasts and inhibit the resorption of osteoclasts, thus repairing bone tissue. It is certain that icari n promotes cellular dif erentiation, however whether it can promote cellular proliferation remains unclear. The pharmaco-active concentration of icari n ranges from10-8 to 10-5 mol/L, but clinical trial has not yet been carried out, and specific drug concentration is uncertain, which needs further exploration.

Objective The purpose d this investigation was to evaluate the effect d influenza vaccination among medical staff. Methods We chose 134 medical staff who worked in out-patient department and the wards and received influenza vaccination as the inoculation group, 135 medical staff who did not receive influenza vaccination as the non-inoculation group. Investigation with questionnaires was carried out in the two groups 3 months after vaccination. Results The incidence rate of influenza-like disease in the observation group and the control group was 11.2% and 18.5% respectively. The protective rate was 39.46%. The average illness process of influenza-like disease in the observation group and the control group was 1.73 days and 2.96 days. The percent of patients with no medication, one kind of drug medication and two kinds of drag medication was 46.7%, 33.3% and 20.0% in the observation group and 32.0%, 8.0% and 60.0% in the control group. Conclusion Influenza vaccination exerted protective effect for medical staff and other people at high risk of emergency.

This paper instroduces the components and operating priciples of a multi-functional drug smearing and drug injection instrument. The instrument has many advantages such as simple structure, convenient operation, no bacteria, drug-saving, little pain and etc. All these advantages make it fit for medical applications.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Equipment Design ; Equipment and Supplies ; Humans

Air ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Ethylene Oxide ; analysis ; Furans ; analysis ; Methylene Chloride ; analysis ; Workplace

We investigated the roles of the crude antigen(CA) of Clonorchis sinensis and excretory secretory products (ESPs) in the polarization of Th1 and Th2 cells.Bone marrow-derived cells were generated from BALB/c mice and isolated into immature DCs;immature DCs were then treated with either CA (CA stimulated group),ESPs (ESPs stimulated group),LPS (positive control group) or PBS (negative control group) for 24 hours.Then the CD4+T cells were isolated from mouse spleen by using anti mouse-CD4 Microbeads,and further cocultured with stimulated DCs for another 72 hours.The purities of DCs and CD4+ T cells were evaluated by flow cytometry and the expressing levels of T-bet mRNA and GATA-3 mRNA were detected by real-time PCR.ELISA was used to detect the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines in the supernatant.mRNA levels of T-bet and GATA-3 in the ESPs group were higher than those in PBS-stimulated group (P＜0.05).The concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines in the culture were increased in the ESPs group,compared with PBS stimulated group(P＜0.05).IFN-γ but not IL-4 was increased in CA group (P＜0.05).The results implied that CA might play a role in Th1 type immune response,and ESPs likely play roles in both Th1 and Th2 immune responses.